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2001 Supreme(Pat) 437

PATNA HIGH COURT
Nagendra Rai and S.K.Katriar JJ.
Kanhai Rai
Versus
Dharampal
Letter Patent Appeal No. 1454 of 2000 ;
Decided On : MAY 16, 2001

Headnote:Motor Vehicles Act, 1988-Section 140-Object of-Provisions have been made u/s 140 of the Act to provide speedy help to the needy claimants-The legislature appears to have also included liability under section 140 of the Act within the definition of liability u/s 145(c) of the Act-Thus once an insurance policy is in force with regard to use of motor vehicle at a place covering liability against the third party risk then the insurer is also liable to pay the interim compensation even though he is not classified as one of the persons against whom an order can be passed under Section 140 of the Act-If at the time of final determination it is found that under the policy of insurance the insurer is not liable to pay, compensation but it has already paid the interim compensation then it is entitled to get it reimbursed from the owner. (Paras 12 and 14)

       AIR 1980 SC 1354, AIR 1981 SC 2059, AIR 1987 SC 1690-Referred.

       1985 ACJ I (P&H), 1986 ACJ 120 (AP), 1986 ACJ 1137 (Bombay), 1987(2) ACJ 863, 1988 ACJ 612 (Gauhati), 1990(2) ACJ 768 (Kerala), 1991(2) ACJ 1089(Cal.),1991(1) ACJ 359(AP), AIR 1992 MP 53, AIR 1994 MP 177, 1994(2) ACJ 1074(AP), 1996 SCJ 367(HP)-Assented to.

       (1999)9 SCC 62, 1987 BLT 274 : 1988 PLJR 600-Distinguished.

       1995 BBCJ 419, 1993(3) PLJR 489-Dissented with.

       Precedent-Ratio of the decision has to be understood in the background of the facts of the case and the decision is an authority for what it actually decides and not what logically follows from it-The binding precedent is the ratio of the decision and not the conclusion. (Para 14)

       Motor Vehicles Act, 1988-Section 140-At the stage of considering an application under section 140 of the Act, the Tribunal has to take prima facie view-The Tribunal cannot hold a mini enquiry nor can it take into consideration, the defence which is available to the insurer-If the insurer is allowed to take defence as provided under section 149(2), then that will frustrate the very object for which the provision has been made and the proceeding will linger. (Para 20)

       

Judgment

NAGENDRA RAI, J.

1. The appellants have filed the present appeal under Clause 10 of the Letters Patent of the Patna High Court against the order dated 22-8-2000, passed by a learned single Judge, by which he has allowed the appeal (M.A. No. 494 of 1999) filed by the New India Assurance Co. Ltd. (respondent herein) against the order dated 25-6-1999 passed by the Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal (for short the Tribunal) under Sec. 140 of the Motor Vehicles Act 1988, (hereinafter referred to as the Act) directing it to pay the interim compensation on no fault basis and further held that the Insurance Company is not liable to pay the interim compensation under the aforesaid section and it is the owner alone who is liable to pay the same.

2. The facts giving rise to the present appeal lie in a narrow compass. Respondent Dharampal owned a truck bearing registration No. DL-1 G-A/9319. On 18-8-1997, he took an Insurance Policy from respondent No. 2 in terms of the provisions of the Act, which was valid from 18-8-1987 to 17-8-1998. While the said vehicle was coming from Muzaffarpur side on 28-6-1998, it dashed against Sukhiya Devi, wife of appellant No. 1 and mother of appellants Nos. 2 and 3, resident of village Fakuli P. S. Kurhani, District Muzaffarpur, as a result of which she died. The vehicle was being driven rashly and negligently in a very high speed by the driver thereof. Her husband and other heirs, who are appellants before this Court, filed a claim case being Claim Case No. 93 of 1998 before the Tribunal under Sec. 166 of the Act against the owner and insurer of the vehicle. In the said claim case, the Insurance Company (respondent No. 2) also appeared. In the meantime, the appellants filed a petition under Sec. 140 of the Act claiming compensation on no-fault basis. The Tribunal after hearing the petitioner directed for payment of Rs. 50,000.00 on the principle of no-fault to the appellants. The respondent-Insurance Company filed an appeal before the learned Single Judge, who, as stated above, held that the liability to pay interim compensation under Sec. 140 of the Act is of the owner and not of the respondent Insurance Company.

3. Learned counsel for the appellants submitted that though in terms of Sec. 140 of the Act, in case of death or permanent disablement of a person having resulted from an accident arising and of the use of a motor vehicle, owner shall be liable to pay compensation in respect of such death or disablement, but the conjoint reading of the said provision and the provisions contained in Chapter XI of the Act, which deals with the insurance of motor vehicles against the third party risks, clearly shows that the liability in relation to death of or bodily injury to any person is covered by the Insurance Policy includes the liability under Sec. 140 of the Act also and as such the owner or the insurer or both can be fastened with the liability to pay the interim compensation under Sec. 140 of the Act.

4. Learned counsel for the respondent-Insurance Company, on the other hand, submitted that the provision of Sec. 140 of the Act is clear and explicit and it requires payment of interim compensation in case of death or permanent disablement as a result of the accident by the use of a motor vehicle by owner only and in view of the specific provision contained in Sec. 144, under Chapter X of the (under which Sec. 140 also falls), to the effect that the provision of this Chapter shall have effect notwithstanding anything contained in the Act or in any law for the time being in force, the provisions of Chapter XI dealing with insurance of vehicle against the third party risks could not be resorted to for fixing liability on the insurer under Sec. 140 of the Act.

5. Both the parties have relied upon the provisions of the Act as well as upon the decisions rendered by the Apex Court as well as by the different High Courts, which will be referred to at the appropriate places.

6. Thus, the only point, that falls


























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