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2020 Supreme(Pat) 249

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
Sanjay Karol, S. Kumar, JJ.
State Of Bihar - Appellant
Versus
Ajit Kumar, S/o Gautam Prasad - Respondent
Death Reference No. 3 of 2018; Criminal Appeal No. 888 of 2018
Decided On : 20-10-2020

Advocates Appeared:
Shivesh Chandra Mishra, Advocate, Ravindra Kumar, Advocate, Rajesh Roy, Advocate

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code - Sections 363, 366A, 120B, 302, 376

(D) - Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 - Section 6(g) - Accused charged with kidnapping, gang rape, and murder of a minor. Conviction and death penalty based on prosecution evidence. Court finds discrepancies in witness testimonies and insufficient evidence for establishing guilt beyond reasonable doubt. The trial judge's reliance on a confessional statement, deemed inadmissible, leads to the decision being overruled. (Paras 12, 112, 124)

(B) This ruling reiterates the principle that for circumstantial evidence, the prosecution must establish an unbroken chain of circumstances that distinctly point to the accused's guilt beyond reasonable doubt. (Paras 30-32)

Facts of the case:
The accused, along with an accomplice, allegedly kidnapped the deceased from Bihar, subsequently committing sexual assault and murder in Gujarat. Allegations included the accused enticing the minor under false pretenses, leading to her death by fire.

Findings of Court:
The court determined the evidence insufficient and flawed. The accused's conviction for all charges was not proven beyond reasonable doubt.

Issues: The case highlighted the legality and admissibility of confessional statements and the evidential burden on the prosecution in establishing the charges through credible witness testimonies.

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the need for credible, corroborated evidence in sexual assault and murder cases, rejecting claims based on hearsay and unsupported witness statements.

Result: The conviction was overturned, and the accused was ordered to be released. (Paras 124, 125)

Table of Content
1. overview of the case and charges against the accused. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
2. legal standards for circumstantial evidence. (Para 10 , 36 , 38 , 89)
3. arguments presented regarding evidence and credibility. (Para 11 , 62)
4. court's considerations about the trial proceedings. (Para 12 , 74 , 120)
5. final judgment and release order. (Para 124 , 125 , 126)

JUDGMENT

Sanjay Karol, C.J. - Accused Ajit Kumar and Vishal Kumar enticed and kidnapped the prosecutrix (hereinafter referred to as ''the deceased''), a minor girl, from the guardianship of her parents residing in Village Pipra (Bihar) and took her first to Patna (Bihar) and then to Vadodara (Gujarat) where she was subjected to gang rape and burnt to death.

2. In crux, this is the case of the prosecution, concerning which accused Ajit Kumar stands convicted for committing an offence punishable under Sections 363 , 366A, 120B, 302, 376(D) of the INDIAN PENAL CODE and Section 6 (g) of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 (hereinafter referred to as "POCSO Act, 2012).

3. Concerning an offence under Section 302 I.P.C., the accused stands sentenced to be hanged by the neck till his death. No separate sentence about the other crimes stands passed.

4. Resultantly, Death Reference No. 03 of 2018, titled as The State of Bihar Vs. Ajit Kumar is before us for confirmation of such a sentence of death.

5. The accused has challenged the correctness of the findings returned, the judgment of conviction; and the sentence, vide connected Cr. Appeal (DB) No. 888 of 2018 titled as Ajit Kumar Vs. The State of Bihar.

6. It is the prosecution case that on 19th April 2017, Amir Imamul Haque Hemja (P.W.3) informed the police at Police Station Manjhagarh, Gopalganj district (Bihar) that since 10th March 2017 his daughter, i.e. the deceased (name concealed), was missing. Two persons namely accused Ajit Kumar and Vishal Kumar, on the pretext of solemnizing marriage allured her to travel with them from Bihar to Gujarat where she was subjected to torture and accused Ajit Kumar subjected her to sexual assault prompting her to set herself on fire on 19th April 2017, which version stands improvised by the complainant that the accused set her on fire. On 20th April 2017, officials of the Police Station, Manjhagarh (Bihar) informed him of the death of his daughter who died of burn injuries. He travelled to Vadodara (Gujarat) with his relatives Md. Imran Ali and Kamran Ali and identified the dead body of the deceased. Based on a signed statement of Amir Hamja (P.W.3), the police lodged U.D. Case No. 25 of 2017 at Makarpura Police Station, Vadodara (Gujarat) which subsequently stood transferred to Police Station Manjhagarh (Bihar) where F.I.R. No. 67 of 2017 dated 29th April 2017 was registered. The investigation was carried out both in Gujarat and Bihar and charge-sheet presented in the Court on 24th April 2017 only against accused Ajit Kumar with investigation qua other accused Vishal Kumar and Govind Prasad also involved in the crime, kept pending.

7. On 30th August 2017, the Trial Judge charged Ajit Kumar for having committed offences punishable under the INDIAN PENAL CODE and the POCSO Act, to which he pleaded not guilty and claimed trial.

8. The chart showing the Sections of the INDIAN PENAL CODE and the POCSO Act is given below: -

    FIR under Sections

    Charge-sheet under sections

    Charge under sections

    363, 366, 376, 306, 114 I.P.C. & 4/8/12 of the POCSO Act

    363, 366(A), 376, 302, 120B, 34 I.P.C. & 4/8/12 of the POCSO Act

    363/34, 366(A)/ 34. 120B, 302/ 34. 376(D) I.P.C. & 6 (G) POCSO Act.

9. For establishing the guilt of the accused, in all, the prosecution examined six witnesses.

10. The trial court found the statements of the witnesses to be inspiring in confidence; beyond a shadow of reasonable doubt; and there being nothing on record "to di

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