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2024 Supreme(Pat) 1178

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
RAMESH CHAND MALVIYA, J.
Bali Ram Singh, S/o. Late Ram Dutt Singh - Appellant
Versus 
The State of Bihar – Respondent
Criminal Appeal (SJ) No.294 of 2013
Decided On : 22-11-2024

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Mr. Sanjay Parasmani, Adv., Mr. Roushan Kumar, Adv
For the Respondent: Mr. Bipin Kumar, APP

The prosecution failed to prove the appellant's guilt beyond reasonable doubt due to lack of corroborative evidence and significant inconsistencies in the victim's testimony.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 374(2) - Indian Penal Code - Sections 376, 354, 384 and 347 - Appeal against conviction - The sole appellant sentenced to two years for offences under Sections 354 and 384, which the court found was not substantiated by credible evidence - The prosecution failed to prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt due to lack of corroborative evidence and issues with the victim's testimony regarding the alleged crime. (Paras 2, 10, 14, 16)

(B) Burden of proof - The prosecution carries the burden to prove the guilt of the accused beyond reasonable doubt, and the accused is presumed innocent until proven guilty - Conviction cannot stand upon the sole testimony of the witness if it is riddled with contradiction and improbability. (Paras 13, 14)

Facts of the case:
The appellant was accused of sexual assault and extortion involving an unlawful demand for money from the informant on a bus journey. The conviction was based primarily on the testimony of one witness, leading to doubts regarding the facts presented.

Findings of Court:
The trial court's conviction was viewed as unsustainable due to insufficient corroborative evidence, inconsistencies in the witness's testimony, and critical omissions in procedural execution leading to a reasonable doubt about the charges.

Issues: Whether the prosecution established the guilt of the appellant beyond reasonable doubt and whether the lack of corroborative evidence affected the conviction.

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that convictions must be based on cogent evidence, and the lack of corroboration alongside the victim's contradictory statements warranted the acquittal of the appellant.

Result: Appeal allowed; the appellant acquitted.

Table of Content
1. allegations of rape and theft outlined. (Para 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7)
2. appellant's defenses and inconsistencies in prosecution. (Para 8 , 9 , 10 , 11)
3. prosecution's burden and evidentiary issues examined. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15)
4. judgment overturned; appellant acquitted. (Para 16 , 17)

JUDGMENT :

(RAMESH CHAND MALVIYA, J.)

Heard learned counsel for the appellants and learned APP on behalf of the State.

2. The present appeal has been filed under Section 374(2) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (hereinafter referred as ‘Cr.P.C.’) challenging the Judgment of conviction and order of sentence dated 18.03.2013 passed by the learned Ad-hoc Additional Sessions Judge-IV, Aurangabad in Sessions Trial No. 188 of 1995 / 114 of 2011 arising out of Baroon P.S. Case No. 131 of 1988, instituted for an offence punishable under Sections 376 , 354, 384 and 347 of the INDIAN PENAL CODE whereby and where under sole appellant has been sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for period of two years for committing an offence punishable under Section 354 of the INDIAN PENAL CODE and further for rigorous imprisonment for two years for offence punishable under Section 384 of the INDIAN PENAL CODE with a direction that both the sentence shall run concurrently.

3. Heard Mr. Sanjay Parasmani, learned counsel for the appellant assisted by Mr. Raushan Kumar and Mr. Bipin Kumar, learned APP for the State.

4. The brief facts leading to the filing of the present appeal is that as per the fardbeyan of the informant, on 07.09.1988 at Town P.S. Daltongunj alleging there in that on 30.8.1988, informant boarded bus namely Rup Rekha bearing bus no. BEZ/8182 carrying 15 kg Kattha along with her companion Babu Ram Halwai. In the way, conductor of the bus Delip Kumar demanded Rs. 200/- otherwise he will produce her to police for institution of case. Due to non-payment of money conductor of the bus got her down at Baroon and told to owner of the bus Baliram Singh that she has kept illegal Kattha. Baliram Singh took the Kattha and he also demanded Rs. 500/- in lieu of Kattha. Dilip Kumar Singh went to Sasaram and he returned along with bus at Baroon at 3.00 pm. Kattha was given to Baliram Singh and conductor of the bus brought the informant and Baburam Halwai from Baroon to Daltongunj. Dilip Kumar Singh conductor of the bus kept the informant in Koyal hotel at Daltongunj showing her as his mother and committed rape in night. In next morning Dilip Singh brought the informant at Baroon by Rup Rekha bus and told the owner of the bus and asked him to return the Kattha without taking money and he went to Sasaram. Baliram Singh was ready to release the Kattha after payment of Rs. 6,500/-, but she could not pay the amount, then he brought her in a room by the side of Atta Chakki (flour mill) got her undressed and snatched away Rs. 200/- and at about 2.00 PM, he committed rape on informant after threatening. Appellant kept her Payal and some quantity of Kattha with him and rest handed over to her. After four days, informant returned from Banaras. After receiving Rs. 340/-, Baliram Singh gave her Payal and she went to her house. She narrated regarding the occurrence to the persons of Arhat at Daltongunj. Appellant-Dilip Singh was caught with the help of Badri Pandey and he was produced at Town P.S. Daltongunj, where his fardbeyan was recorded and the same was forwarded to Baroon P.S. on 07.09.1988 and on 11.9.1988, F.I.R. was instituted accordingly at Baroon P.S.

5. On the basis of fardbeyan of informant, F.I.R. was registered as Baroon P.S. Case No. 131 of 1988 on 11.09.1988. After completing investigation, Investigating Officer submitted charge sheet under Sections 376 , 354, 384 and 347 INDIAN PENAL CODE against the appellant. Accordingly, cognizance of offence was taken by learned Chief Judicial Magistrate and case record was transferred in the court of Judicial Magistrate-Ist Class, Aurangabad, for commitment where the case was committed to the Court of S

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