IN THE HIGH COURT OF CALCUTTA CIRCUIT BENCH AT JALPAIGURI
BIBHAS RANJAN DE, J.
Sukumar Roy – Appellant
Versus
The State of West Bengal – Respondent
CRR 136 of 2021
Decided on : 22-02-2024
Section 482 - Quashing of Criminal Proceeding - IPC 341/323/506/379 - The court discussed the application under Section 482 of the Cr.P.C. for quashing the proceeding of G.R. Case no. 2820 of 2021 corresponding to Siliguri Police Station Case no. 738 of 2021 dated 06.07.2021 under Sections 341/323/506/379 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC). The court analyzed the legal provisions and precedents related to quashing criminal proceedings and concluded that the case did not fall within the parameters for exercising jurisdiction under Section 482 of Cr.P.C.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner, a tenant, had a long-standing civil dispute with the respondent over a shop room. The respondent and his associates physically assaulted the petitioner when he demanded possession of the room, leading to the filing of a criminal case.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the allegations in the complaint, even if taken at face value, constituted a prima facie offense under Section 341/323/506 of IPC. The court also concluded that the case did not fall within the parameters for exercising jurisdiction under Section 482 of Cr.P.C.
Issues: Long-standing civil dispute, physical assault, demand for possession, quashing of criminal proceeding under Section 482 of Cr.P.C.
Ratio Decidendi: The court applied the legal principles established in the landmark judgments of State of Haryana v. Bhajanlal and Amit Kapoor v. Ramesh Chander to determine the parameters for exercising jurisdiction under Section 482 of Cr.P.C.
Final Decision: The court dismissed the revision application and upheld the proceeding of G.R. Case no. 2820 of 2021 corresponding to Siliguri Police Station Case no. 738 of 2021 dated 06.07.2021 under Sections 341/323/506/379 of IPC.
JUDGMENT :
Bibhas Ranjan De, J.
1. This application under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (for short Cr.P.C.) has been filed with a prayer for quashing of the proceeding of G.R. Case no. 2820 of 2021 corresponding to Siliguri Police Station Case no. 738 of 2021 dated 06.07.2021 under Sections 341/323/506/379 of the Indian Penal Code (for short IPC), pending before the Court of Ld. Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, Siliguri.
Background:-
2. The petitioner was a tenant under Bikash Chanda @ Subal Chanda (since deceased), father of Sri. Subrata Chanda respondent no. 5 herein in respect of a shop room being Municipal Holding No. 341/465, under Ward No. 11 of Siliguri Municipal Corporation on payment of monthly rental of Rs. 500/-.
3. On 31.08.1995 said Bikash Chanda agree to sell the shop room of same measurement after constructing new building therein at a settled price of Rs. 1,000/-(Rupees One Thousand) per sq. ft. Petitioner paid Rs. 2,00,000/- (Rupees Two Lakh) at the time of execution of the said agreement dated 31.08.1995. Subsequently, on 30.11.1995 petitioner again paid to the tune of Rs. 1,00,000/-(Rupees One Lakh) but said Bikash Chanda failed and neglected either to construct the building or to execute the deed of sale in favour of the petitioner in terms of the said agreement dated 31.08.1995, though the petitioner was ready to pay the balance consideration.
4. Petitioner had filed a suit being Title Suit No. 25 of 2003 for specific performance of contract against said Bikash Chanda and his wife Hema Chanda. The said suit was compromised on the ground that a multi-storied building would be constructed and the petitioner shall get a room on payment of balance consideration of Rs. 2,50,000/-(Rupees Two Lakh Fifty Thousand).
5. On 03.08.2007 there was a tripartite agreement between petitioner, Bikahs Chanda @ Subal Chanda and his wife Hena Chanda and developer Dwarika Prasad Golan. Accordingly, structural construction was almost completed in terms of said agreement.
6. In the mean time, said developer Dwarika Prasad Golan died in the year 2016 and Bikash Chanda @ Subal Chanda also died. Petitioner demanded possession of the room from respondent no. 5 herein and his mother Hena Chanda but no result was yielded and the petitioner had to file a Case No. 91 of 2016 before District Consumer Disputes Redressal Forum at Siliguri.
7. On 03.07.2021 respondent no. 5 and his mother made an attempt to disposses the petitioner from the said incomplete shop room and on being protested respondent no. 5 and his associates physically assaulted the petitioner by fists and blows. Then petitioner filed an application under Section 144 Cr.P.C. in the Court of Ld. Special Executive Magistrate, Siliguri wherein direction was given to the inspector in-charge Siliguri police Station to maintain breach of peace.
8. On 12.07.2021 petitioner received one notice under Section 41A of Cr.P.C. and the petitioner met with the concerned Police Officer at Panitanki T.O.P, on 16.07.2021. Subsequently, the petitioner surrendered before the Court of Ld. Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate and obtained bail in the case involved in this revision application.
Brief facts of the proceeding under challenged:-
9. On 06.07.2021 written complaint was lodged before the officer in-charge of Pani Tanki out post by the respondent no. 5 herein against the petitioner alleging, inter alia, that the respondent no. 5 and his mother had to revoke the power of attorney given to the developer for promoting a building owned by the respondent no. 5 and his mother, due to death of the promoter, Sri. Dwarika Prasad Golan and the respondent no, 5 resumed construction work on the said land on and from 25.06.2021. But, suddenly the petitioner started creating disturbance and on 06.07.2021threatened the labors to stop construction work. Being informed respondent no. 5 interfered in the matter. Petitioner threatened him with dire consequences and assaulted him with fists and blow
Amit Kapoor vs. Ramesh Chander and another reported in (2012) 9 SCC 460
Ajay Mitra v. State of M.P. (2003) 3 SCC 11 : 2003 SCC(Cri) 703
Chunduru Siva Ram Krishna v. Peddi Ravindra Babu (2009) 11 SCC 203 : (2009) 3 SCC(Cri) 1297
Ganesh Narayan Hegde v. S. Bangarappa (1995) 4 SCC 41 : 1995 SCC(Cri) 634
G. Sagar Suri v. State of U.P. (2000) 2 SCC 636 : 2000 SCC(Cri) 513
Janata Dal v. H.S. Chowdhary (1992) 4 SCC 305 : 1993 SCC(Cri) 36 : AIR 1993 SC 892
Lalmuni Devi v. State of Bihar (2001) 2 SCC 17 : 2001 SCC(Cri) 275
M. Krishnan v. Vijay Singh (2001) 8 SCC 645 : 2002 SCC(Cri) 19
Madhavrao Jiwajirao Scindia v. Sambhajirao Chandrojirao Angre (1988) 1 SCC 692 : 1988 SCC(Cri) 234
M. Krishnan Vs. Vijay Singh & Anr
Rupan Deol Bajaj v. Kanwar Pal Singh Gill (1995) 6 SCC 194 : 1995 SCC(Cri) 1059
State of Andhra Pradesh Vs. Coloconda Linga Swamy and another reported in 2004 (6) SCC 522
State of Haryana and others vs. Bhajanlal and others reported in 1992 Supp1 SCC 335
State of U.P. v. O.P. Sharma (1996) 7 SCC 705 : 1996 SCC(Cri) 497
Shakson Belthissor v. State of Kerala (2009) 14 SCC 466 : (2010) 1 SCC(Cri) 1412
Sheonandan Paswan v. State of Bihar (1987) 1 SCC 288 : 1987 SCC(Cri) 82
State of Bihar v. P.P. Sharma 1992 Supp1 SCC 222 : 1992 SCC(Cri) 192 : AIR 1991 SC 1260
Savita v. State of Rajasthan (2005) 12 SCC 338 : (2006) 1 SCC(Cri) 571
S.M. Datta v. State of Gujarat (2001) 7 SCC 659 : 2001 SCC(Cri) 1361 : 2001 SCC (L&S) 1201 .
State of W.B. v. Swapan Kumar Guha (1982) 1 SCC 561 : 1982 SCC(Cri) 283 : AIR 1982 SC 949
V.V.S. Rama Sharma v. State of U.P. (2009) 7 SCC 234 : (2009) 3 SCC(Cri) 356
Zandu Pharmaceutical Works Ltd. v. Mohd. Sharaful Haque (2005) 1 SCC 122 : 2005 SCC(Cri) 283
The court emphasized that the power to quash criminal proceedings under Section 482 of Cr.P.C. should be exercised sparingly and only in cases where the complaint does not disclose any offense or is ....
The court affirmed that allegations must disclose a cognizable offence for criminal proceedings to continue, and the inherent powers to quash should be exercised sparingly.
The court established that both civil and criminal proceedings can coexist, and quashing under Section 482 of the Cr.P.C is reserved for exceptional cases where proceedings are frivolous or malicious....
The power to quash criminal proceedings should be exercised sparingly and in rarest of rare cases, and a prima facie case must be established for the charges to be framed.
Criminal proceedings cannot cloak civil disputes; FIR must disclose offence ingredients, and evidence evaluation is not permissible at quashing stage.
The High Court should not interfere in the charge-sheet when factual possession is disputed and should not evaluate evidentiary value at the stage of quashing.
Power under Section 482 Cr.P.C. is very wide, but conferment of wide power requires court to be cautious. It casts an onerous and more diligent duty on court.
The court emphasized that civil disputes should not be converted into criminal cases, and the continuation of such proceedings constitutes an abuse of the legal process.
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