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2025 Supreme(Cal) 237

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT CALCUTTA
Sujoy Paul, A.C.J., Partha Sarathi Sen, J.
The Union of India & Ors. – Petitioners
Versus
Pradip Mahapatra – Respondents
WP.CT. 138 of 2017 With I.A. No. CAN 1 of 2021 With I.A. No. CAN 2 of 2024 with WP.CT. 139 of 2017, WP.CT. 140 of 2017, WP.CT. 141 of 2017
Decided On : 17-12-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Mr. Rudrajyoti Bhattacharjee, Ms. Debjani Ghosal, Ms. Sanchayita Das
For the Respondent: Mr. Souvik Ganguly

Placement as Master Craftsman does not constitute a promotion; hence employees remain eligible for financial upgradation under the MACP despite the 6th Pay Commission's pay scale revisions.

Headnote:(A) Administrative Tribunal Act, 1985 - Pay and Allowances - Master Craftsman - The tribunal ruled that appellants held the position of Master Craftsman through placement and not promotion, directing extra increment benefits based on placement history. Parties contested the tribunal's finding, arguing it misapplied the promotion rules in relation to the 6th Pay Commission's recommendations. (Paras 4, 13, 19)

(B) Financial Benefits - Career Progression - The court reinforced that the alteration in pay scales due to the 6th Pay Commission does not equate to a promotion, preserving the applicants' rights to guaranteed career progression benefits over mere placement. (Paras 15, 19)

Facts of the case:
Writ petitions challenged a tribunal order regarding the applicants' classification and entitlement to financial benefits stemming from placement as Master Craftsmen prior to the implementation of the 6th Pay Commission in 2006.

Findings of Court:
Tribunal's decision was upheld, reinforcing that placements are not promotions and thus do not exempt applicants from financial upgradation rights under MACP.

Issues: Did the tribunal err in classifying the appointment of Master Craftsmen as a placement rather than a promotion? Is the alteration in pay post-6th Pay Commission applicable for promotion benefits?

Ratio Decidendi: The court affirmed the tribunal's ruling that placement does not equate to promotion under the applicable rules, ensuring that applicants remained eligible for financial benefits under the MACP despite pay revisions.

Result: Writ petitions dismissed.

Table of Content
1. legality of post creation and placement. (Para 2 , 3 , 11 , 12)
2. arguments on pay commission's impact. (Para 4 , 5 , 8 , 9)
3. promotion and placement distinctions. (Para 6 , 7)
4. nature of macp and promotion. (Para 13 , 15)
5. interpretation of relevant circulars. (Para 14 , 16 , 18)
6. tribunal's justifiable reasoning. (Para 19 , 20)
7. scope of judicial review. (Para 21)
8. final decision on petitions. (Para 22)

JUDGMENT :

SUJOY PAUL, ACJ.

1. Parties are represented by their respective learned counsels.

2. In this batch of petitions, the Government has called in question the legality, validity and propriety of common order of tribunal dated 22.06.2016, whereby O.A No. 350/01517/2014, O.A. No. 350/01523/2014, O.A. No. 350/01524/2014 and 350/01525/2014 were decided.

3. The tribunal opined that the applicants before them got the post of Master Craftsman as a ‘placement’ before 01.01.2006. The said ‘placement’ was not in the stream of ‘promotion’ and hence cannot be treated as promotion/upgradation. Thus, tribunal directed that each of the applicants before it will get one extra increment in Pay Band of PB-II of GP Rs. 4200/-. Assailing this direction, the present petitions are filed.

CONTENTION OF PETITIONERS:

4. Learned counsel for the department submits that no doubt, the present respondents were given the post of Master Craftsman on placement before 01.01.2006 but the fact remains is that from 01.01.2006 6th Pay Commission’s recommendations came into being and implemented. Thus, the pay-scale of Rs. 4500-7000/- attached to the post of Master Craftsman before 01.01.2006 stood revised and basic pay became Rs. 9300/- with GP Rs.4200/-.

5. By taking this Court to different paragraphs of impugned order, learned counsel for the department submits that the tribunal erred in not realising that the applicants before it got the benefit of 6th Pay Commission w.e.f. 01.01.2006 and the post of Master Craftsman became a promotional post. Thus, they were not entitled to get one extra increment in the Pay Band of PB-II in Grade Pay of Rs. 4200/-.

CONTENTION OF THE RESPONDENTS/ORIGINAL APPLICANTS

6. Learned counsel for the applicants placed reliance on the facts of one of the matters (OA No. 350/1517/2014) to bolster the submission that the said writ petitioner was appointed as Semi-Skilled Millwright on 22.01.1992. Thereafter, he was placed in the Skilled Grade on 31.01.1994 and to Highly Skilled Grade/ Millwright on 09.02.1999. This career progression as High Skilled Grade/ Millwright is the only promotion, which he got in his career before becoming Master Craftsman on 17.06.2025 on ‘placement’. The post of Master Craftsman carried pay scale of Rs. 4500-7000/-.

7. The petitioners preferred representations on 07.07.2014 praying that their cases be treated for grant of upgradation under MACP after completion of 10 years of service from the date they got the benefit of promotion as Highly Skilled Grade/ Millwright or on the equivalent post. The said representations were rejected on 20.08.2014 and this rejection became subject matter of challenge before the tribunal. The tribunal, after completion of pleadings and hearing the parties came to hold that the applicants therein occupied the post of Master Craftsman on ‘placement’ and not on ‘promotion’ and therefore, they are entitled to get the aforesaid benefit.

8. Learned counsel for applicants also placed reliance on certain paragraphs of the impugned order of the tribunal to show that the tribunal considered the rival contentions in great detail and assigned adequate reasons for the conclusions. Thus, there is no procedural infirmity or perversity in the order. Heavy reliance is placed on the communication dated 20.05.2003 issued by Ministry of Defence, Government of India, wherein it was clarified that post of Master Craftsman is outside the hierarchy of the promotional avenues and therefore, it shall not be treated as promotion. Indeed, it will be a placement, which will not deprive the

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