IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI
Asha Menon, J.
Convergytics Solutions Pvt. Ltd. - Appellant
Versus
Randhir Hebbar - Respondent
CS(OS) 266 of 2021
Decided On : 25-10-2021
JURISDICTION - DEFAMATION - [Order VII Rule 11 CPC, Section 19 CPC] - The court dismissed the application under Order VII Rule 11 CPC, holding that it had jurisdiction to try the case. The court emphasized that the plea of no cause of action and the suit being barred by the previous suit were determinable only on the basis of evidence and not at the stage of considering the defense raised by the defendants. The court referred to guiding principles for deciding an application under Order VII Rule 11 CPC and concluded that there was no ground to reject the plaint under this rule.
Fact of the Case:
The suit was filed for damages and permanent injunction to restrain the defendants from making defamatory statements and interfering with the business of the plaintiffs. The defendants contended that the court had no jurisdiction to try the case and that the suit was barred by the previous suit filed in Bengaluru.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that it had jurisdiction to try the case and rejected the application under Order VII Rule 11 CPC. It also granted interim relief to the plaintiffs by restraining the defendants from publishing defamatory matters on social media and through emails to other employees and clients of the plaintiff No.1.
Issues: Jurisdiction of the court, whether the suit was barred by the previous suit, and entitlement to interim relief.
Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that the plea of no cause of action and the suit being barred by the previous suit were determinable only on the basis of evidence and not at the stage of considering the defense raised by the defendants. The court referred to guiding principles for deciding an application under Order VII Rule 11 CPC and concluded that there was no ground to reject the plaint under this rule. The court also found that the defendants' activities would cause irreparable loss and damage to the plaintiff No.1, and the balance of convenience favored the plaintiffs.
Final Decision: The court dismissed the application under Order VII Rule 11 CPC, allowed the application under Order XXXIX Rules 1 & 2 CPC, and granted interim relief to the plaintiffs by restraining the defendants from publishing defamatory matters on social media and through emails to other employees and clients of the plaintiff No.1.
JUDGMENT
[VIA VIDEO CONFERENCING]
1. This order shall dispose of two applications, namely, I.A. 7119/2021 under XXXIX Rules 1 & 2 CPC filed by the plaintiffs seeking interim relief and the application I.A. 8364/2021 under Order VII Rule 11 CPC filed by the defendants No.1 & 2 seeking rejection of the plaint.
2. Since the opposition by the defendants No.1 & 2, to the grant of interim injunction in favour of the plaintiffs, is premised on the stand taken in the application under Order VII Rule 11 CPC, namely, that this Court has no jurisdiction, and the suit is barred by law, it is considered appropriate to dispose of both the applications by this common order, the contentions being common.
3. Before proceeding further, certain facts may be noted. The suit has been filed for damages and permanent and mandatory injunction, inter alia seeking to restrain Defendants Nos.1 and 2 from making defamatory statements and spreading malicious falsehoods, committing unlawful and tortious interference with the business of the plaintiffs and indulging in breach of privacy of the plaintiffs and its employees. The plaintiff No.1, Convergytics Solution Pvt. Ltd. is a duly incorporated company acting through it's CEO and Managing Director. The plaintiff No.2, Sanjeev Mishra is the co-founder and Managing Director of the Company and leads the Analytical Solution Department at the company as well as Clients Engagement and Delivery. Plaintiff No.3, Santosh Vithal Rao Atre is an Executive Vice President Client Engagement (US accounts) and hence, leads the account management and heads the new business development for the company. It is further claimed that plaintiffs No.2 & 3 together comprise the majority share-holders of the company.
4. Randhir Hebbar, Defendant No.1 has been described as an ex- employee of the company who had been engaged in the position of a Vice President vide letter of employment dated 2nd July, 2013 and whose appointment was terminated by the company for cause on 25th November, 2020. Bhagyasri Hebbar, Defendant No.2 is stated to be a share-holder and former Director of the company. The two defendants are husband and wife.
5. The grievance of the plaintiffs is that the defendant No.1 was indulging in activities that were against the interests of the plaintiff No.1 and therefore, his services were terminated and soon thereafter, the defendant No.1 alongwith his wife defendant No.2 had started a vicious campaign against the plaintiffs by reaching out to employees and clients of the plaintiff No.1 in such a manner that was adversely impacting the business activities and reputation of the plaintiff No.1. It is contended by the plaintiffs that the actions of the defendants No.1 & 2 had resulted in employees leaving the firm and important clients such as Dell, Tata Motors, Titan, Tanishq etc. becoming so disturbed that they had started seeking clarifications from them in order to continue business with them. In this background, the present suit has been filed praying that a decree of injunction be issued in favour of the plaintiffs restraining the defendants from indulging in such activities, particularly, through social media and damages of Rs.5 crores have also been claimed among other reliefs. By means of the application under Order XXXIX Rules 1 & 2 CPC, interim directions were sought to restrain the defendants No.1&2 from such activities during the pendency of the suit. Interim directions were also sought to the defendants No.3 & 4 being LinkedIn Technology and LinkedIn Corporation, to take down the offending communications on their platform.
6. It may be mentioned at this juncture that LinkedIn had informed that it had complied with the directions by taking down the offending communications from its platform and on request, has been deleted from the array of parties vide order dated 2nd August, 2021.
7. By means of the application under Order VII rule 11 CPC, the defendants contend that this Court had no territorial jurisd
The court ruled that the right to freedom of speech takes precedence over defamation claims unless a strong prima facie case is established, underscoring the necessity to balance fundamental rights.
Point of law: Trial Court has committed an error in not considering the issue of jurisdiction as to whether the plaint is maintainable for want of jurisdiction and on perusal of the order of the Tria....
Defamation claims must be substantiated with evidence; interim injunctions can be granted to restrain publication of statements deemed severely defamatory.
Freedom of speech does not extend to defamation; defendants must remove false content to protect rights.
Trademark infringement claims must prevent confusion in the marketplace, emphasizing the necessity for injunctions when identical marks are used in overlapping services, particularly in a global cont....
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