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2026 Supreme(Gau) 753

THE GAUHATI HIGH COURT (HIGH COURT OF ASSAM, NAGALAND, MIZORAM AND ARUNACHAL PRADESH) KOHIMA BENCH
ROBIN PHUKAN, J.
Shri Maongsunep Ao, S/o Longriyongdang Ao - Petitioner
Versus
The State Of Nagaland And Ors. - Respondents
WP(C)/89 of 2024
Decided On : 23-03-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner: I. Imti Longchar, Obangnenla Longchar,Kamongla Longkumer,Vikhono Kiso,John Walling
For the Respondent: Mr. V. Zhimomi, GA, Nagaland, Mr. T. Pongener, Ms. Remboni.

Employment benefits based on historical land agreements are governed by current policy and limited in scope, not perpetuity. Additionally, the judiciary is restricted to the pleadings presented and cannot entertain arguments or grant relief based on grounds not raised or evidenced in the original writ petition.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Article 226 - Public employment - Appointment on land ownership basis - Policy regarding appointment of landowners is not in perpetuity - It is limited to the person first appointed and does not entitle descendants - Vacancies arising thereafter are to be filled through open advertisement. (Paras 4, 6, 14)

(B) Civil Procedure - Pleadings - Writ jurisdiction - Court confined to pleadings - It is impermissible for writ courts to make out a third case not pleaded by the parties - If facts are not pleaded or evidence not annexed, the court will not entertain such points. (Paras 16, 17)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner challenged an appointment made to a Class IV official position on a land ownership basis, claiming priority due to a historical agreement between landowners and a government authority. The authorities contended that the policy on such appointments was limited and the quota for such appointments had already been exceeded by previous hirings. Furthermore, the respondent authority argued that the specific vacancy in question originated from a transfer from a different establishment, rendering the claim unsubstantiated.

Findings of Court:
The agreement relied upon did not contain provisions mandating the appointment of members from every sub-clan. Multiple appointments had already been made, exceeding the established policy quota. Subsequent government notifications explicitly clarified that employment on a land ownership basis is not in perpetuity and must be followed by open recruitment. Crucially, the court noted that the petitioner failed to specifically plead or challenge the absence of open recruitment in the initial filing, and thus refused to entertain arguments raised for the first time during oral submissions.

Issues: Whether the petitioner has a vested right to appointment based on a historical land-transfer agreement, and whether judicial intervention can extend beyond the specific grounds and pleadings presented in the writ petition.

Ratio Decidendi: Employment benefits tied to land ownership are not perpetual and remain subject to evolving government policy, which requires open recruitment after initial quotas are filled. Courts are functionally constrained by the boundaries of the pleadings and cannot grant relief on legal grounds or evidence that were not formally raised or supported within the writ petition.

Result: Petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. factual background leading to the writ petition concerning appointment rights. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. parties' contentions regarding landownership appointment policy, locus standi, and recruitment rules. (Para 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11)
3. court's legal analysis on the interpretation of the memorandum of agreement and pleading requirements. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16)
4. synthesized legal grounds for upholding government policy over perpetuating landowner appointments. (Para 17)
5. final dismissal order based on lack of merit. (Para 18)

JUDGMENT :

ROBIN PHUKAN, J.

Heard Mr. I. Imti Longchar, learned counsel for the petitioner. Also heard Mr. V. Zhimomi, learned Government Advocate, appearing for the State respondent Nos.1—7, Mr. T. Pongener, learned counsel for the respondent No.9 and Ms. Remboni, learned counsel for the respondent No.11.

2. In this petition, under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, the petitioner, namely, Maongsunep Ao has challenged the office letter No.LM/CP-1/3/2023, dated 13.12.2023 of the Under Secretary to the Govt. of Nagaland, Department of Legal Metrology and Consumer Protection (LM&CP), Nagaland, Kohima, whereby approval for appointment of respondent No.9/10, Smt. Takosangla to the post of Watchman-cum-Chowkidar in the office of the Assistant Controller, LM&CP, Mokokchung, against the vacancy caused by the retirement of Shri Toshiwapang Ao was approved and also prayed for setting aside the office order No.CLMCP/Estt-16/2014/Vol-II/728-732, dated 14.12.2023 passed by the Additional Controller and Head of the Department, LM&CP, Nagaland, Kohima, appointing the respondent No.9/10 Smt. Takosangla to the post of Watchman- cum-Chowkidar and also the office order No.CLMCP/Estt-16/2014/Vol-II/733- 740, dated 14.12.2023, passed by the Additional Controller and HoD, LM&CP, Nagaland, Kohima, appointing the respondent No.9-10 Smt. Takosangla to the post of Watchman-cum-Chowkidar in the office of the Controller of the LM&CP, Nagaland, Kohima and also to direct the State respondents to consider the petitioner’s application for being appointed to the post of Watchman-cum- Chowkidar in the office of the Assistant Controller, LM&CP, Mokokchung, on the basis of the DC, Mokokchung verification report, dated 06.10.2023 to the post of Watchman-cum-Chowkidar in the office of the Assistant Controller of the Legal Metrology and Consumer Protection, Mokokchung, Nagaland.

3. The background facts leading to filing of the present petition are briefly stated as under:-

“The Government of Nagaland took possession of a plot of land measuring 10.90 acres by executing a Memorandum of Agreement, dated 18.12.1972, signed between Yangar (i.e. three sub clans) and the Government of Nagaland where the office of the LM&CP, Mokokchung, Nagaland is one of the establishments in the said land. In the said Memorandum, it is stated that the land belongs to Yangar (i.e. comprising of three sub-clans), namely, (i) Takachuchang, (ii) Mokoksangba and (iii) Neken. In the said agreement some facilities to the landowners were given and the same are (a) post such as ministerial staff, (b) contract works to be allotted without inviting tender and (c) without the knowledge of the landowners, any contract work must not be given to outsiders. Thereafter, a post of Watchman-cum-Chowkidar fell vacant in the office of the Assistant Controller, LM&CP, Mokokchung, due to retirement of one Toshiwapang Ao on 31.08.2023 and being aware of the same, the petitioner herein filed an application to the Additional Controller & HoD, LM&CP, Nagaland, Kohima, on landownership ground/basis accompanied with Yangar landowner recommendation dated 04.09.2023 and the respondent No.9/10 Smt. Takosangla also applied to the post on 11.07.2023 and one Shri Zulutemjen Kichu also filed an application for being appointed to the said post. Thereafter, the Additional Controller and HoD, LM&CP, Nagaland, Kohima, by office letter No.CLMCP/Estt- 16/2014/Vol-II/492, dat

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