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2026 Supreme(Gau) 856

THE GAUHATI HIGH COURT OF ASSAM, NAGALAND, MIZORAM AND ARUNACHAL PRADESH, KOHIMA BENCH
PRANJAL DAS, J.
Shri Seyienekho S/o Thepfuwhekholie - Appellant
Versus
State Of Nagaland And Ors. - Respondent
WP(C) No.145 of 2025
Decided On : 22-05-2026

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant : Hisinlo Himb, Nenli Kez,Berta Tep,Lelimthong P Yimchunger
For the Respondent: Govt Adv NL

Employment benefits derived from land donation are not perpetual or hereditary and are exhausted upon the initial appointment. Furthermore, a candidate who participates in a selection process is estopped from questioning its validity upon failing to secure the position.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Article 226 - Writ jurisdiction - Employment based on land donation - Scope and limitation - Public employment policy mandates that land donation-based appointments are not in perpetuity and do not entitle descendants to employment; such benefits are exhausted upon the first appointment. (Paras 19, 20)

(B) Service Law - Selection process - Participation in interview - Estoppel - A candidate who participates in a selection process without protest and fails to secure the position cannot subsequently turn around to challenge the constitution of the selection committee or the fairness of the procedure. (Paras 22, 26)

(C) Locus Standi - Aggrieved person - Writ jurisdiction requires proof of legal injury or infringement of a legal right - A stranger or a candidate who has not established an superior claim over the selected individual lacks the standing to assail the selection process. (Paras 23, 24, 25)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner challenged his non-selection for a government service position, claiming an entitlement based on the donation of land by his relatives for the construction of a public facility. The authorities contended that one of the donors had already received employment, and per existing government policy, such an appointment was on a one-time basis and not hereditary. The petitioner, despite having participated in the selection interview and failed to secure the top merit position, questioned the process and the constitution of the committee.

Findings of Court:
The court observed that the policy governing land-donation employment explicitly restricts such benefits to a one-time appointment and does not allow for perpetual recruitment of descendants. Furthermore, it noted the legal principle that a candidate having participated in a recruitment process cannot challenge the methodology after being found unsuccessful. It was also determined that given the existence of better-merited candidates who did not challenge the selection, the petitioner lacked the necessary standing to maintain the petition.

Issues: Whether the employment claim based on land donation is perpetual; whether a candidate is estopped from challenging a selection process after participation; and whether the petitioner holds the requisite locus standi to contest the appointments.

Ratio Decidendi: Land donation-based employment is not a hereditary right and is exhausted upon the initial appointment. A petitioner is estopped from questioning a selection process once they have participated in it and failed to succeed. Furthermore, a writ petition is only maintainable if the petitioner proves an injury to a legally enforceable right, which was not established in the present case.

Result: Writ petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. establishment of the factual matrix regarding land donation and vacancy at the government sub-centre. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. conflicting contentions regarding land donation policy, selection committee validity, and employment eligibility. (Para 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16)
3. employment based on land donation is a one-time benefit and not an entitlement in perpetuity for landowners' descendants. (Para 17 , 18 , 19 , 20)
4. candidates who participate in a selection process are estopped from subsequently challenging the process or the committee's constitution. (Para 21 , 22 , 23)
5. locus standi is prerequisite for challenging selection, requiring directly affected, qualified candidates to initiate the challenge. (Para 24 , 25)
6. dismissal of writ petition based on lack of merit and failure to establish locus standi or valid claim under donation rules. (Para 26 , 27 , 28)

JUDGMENT & ORDER :

PRANJAL DAS, J.

Heard Mr. Hisinlo Himb, learned counsel for the petitioner. Also heard Ms. A. Ayemi, learned Government Advocate for the State respondents and Mr. L. Iralu, learned counsel appearing for the private respondent No. 5.

2. The petitioner, namely Shri. Seyienekho has invoked the provisions of Article 226 of the Constitution of India, aggrieved by his non-selection in the interview dated 17/08/2023 conducted by the Selection Board for the post of Medical Attendant at the Tsiepama Sub-Centre under the Directorate of Health & Family Welfare, Kohima, Nagaland.

3. The factual matrix projected by writ petitioner is that his uncles, Visakholie Kuotsu and Seyieleto Kuotsu had donated land measuring 30,000 square feet where the Tsiepama Sub-Centre of the Health & Family Welfare Department was constructed in 2011. It is stated that a written agreement was executed on 20.07.2011 between the Village Council and his uncles regarding the land donation and to provide Grade-IV post to the landowner in lieu of allotment of land. Subsequently, one Grade-IV post of Medical Attendant fell vacant upon retirement of the incumbent whereupon the petitioner applied seeking the post on land ownership basis. His application was forwarded by the CMO Dimapur to the Principal Director in the Directorate of the Department. The SDO (Civil) Medziphema and said Tsiepama Village Council have also issued a certificate for appointing the petitioner. It is stated that the Principal Director, Health & Family Welfare, vide letter No. DHFW-3/520/DMP/2019 dated 28/11/2022 wrote a letter to the Chief Medical Officer, Dimapur, Nagaland for constituting the Screening Selection Board and forwarded 8(eight) applications against the vacancy and later interview was conducted on 17/08/2023 and pursuant thereof, the respondent No. 5 was appointed in the said post.

4. The petitioner has contended that subsequently despite the recommendation of the Selection Board in favour of the other candidate, the respondent No. 5 who was not recommended was approved and illegally appointed. The petitioner is also aggrieved by his non-selection and non-appointment and has filed the writ petition for that reason as well. He has annexed with the writ petition, a copy of the agreement between his uncles and the Village Council.

It is stated by the petitioner that the Office Memorandum dated 07/12/2016 issued by the Personnel and Administrative Reforms Department, Government of Nagaland lays down the constitution of such Departmental Screening Committee for such selection and it has to be comprised of the following persons:

“Government of Nagaland

Personnel and Administrative Reforms Department (Administrative Reforms Branch)

OFFICE MEMORANDUM

No. AR-3/Gen-174/2007(Pt) Dated, Kohima the 7th December, 2016.

Subject: Procedure for filling up of Grade-III & IV Posts in the Departments.

The existing policy and procedure for filling up of Grade-III and Grade-IV posts under the State Government, including the District Offices, has been further reviewed and it has been decided t

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