IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
K. BABU, J.
Dr.K.R.Haridas – Appellant
Versus
The Dy.S.P.(VACB) – Respondent
OP(Crl.) No. 801 of 2023
Decided on : 24-10-2024
(A) Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 – Sections 13(2) r/w 13(1)(c)(d) – Indian Penal Code – Sections 468 and 471 r/w Section 34 – Quashing of criminal proceedings – The petitioner, accused of misappropriation and forgery, was found not to have committed any offence as the prosecution failed to establish a prima facie case against him. The Enquiry Committee concluded that the allegations were baseless and that the petitioner had not misappropriated university funds. (Paras 10, 21, 29)
(B) Jurisdiction of High Court under Article 227 and Section 482 of Cr.P.C – The High Court may quash criminal proceedings if the materials presented by the accused are sound and sufficient to rule out the assertions in the complaint. (Paras 15, 29)
Facts of the case: The petitioner was accused of misappropriating funds by allegedly creating false documents regarding the appointment of a Professional Assistant at the University. The prosecution's case was based on allegations of forgery and misappropriation, which were found to lack credible evidence. (Paras 2-4)
Findings of Court: The court found that the prosecution failed to produce credible evidence linking the petitioner to the alleged offences, and the Enquiry Committee concluded that the allegations were baseless. (Paras 10, 21)
Issues: The main issues were whether the petitioner committed forgery and misappropriation of funds, and whether the prosecution had sufficient evidence to proceed. (Paras 24-25)
Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the prosecution did not establish the necessary mens rea for the offences alleged against the petitioner, and the continuation of the prosecution would amount to an abuse of process. (Paras 25, 29)
Result: The Original Petition is allowed. The FIR, Final Report, and all further proceedings against the petitioner are quashed.
JUDGMENT :
The prayers in the Original Petition filed under Article 227 of the Constitution of India are as follows:-
(ii) Granting such other interim reliefs which this Hon’ble Court may deem fit and proper to meet the ends of justice;
2. The petitioner is accused No.1 in C.C.No.9 of 2020 (VC 5/2017/KNR) on the file of the Enquiry Commissioner and Special Judge, Thalassry. The petitioner and the other accused face charges under Section 13(2) r/w 13(1)(c)(d) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 and Sections 468 and 471 r/w Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code.
3. The prosecution case is as follows:-
3.1 The petitioner was the Head of the Department of Chemistry at the SAT Campus, Kannur University. Accused No.2 was the Head of the Department of Physics. Accused No.2 sought permission from the Vice Chancellor to appoint a Professional Assistant in the Department of Physics. The University permitted Accused No.2 to appoint a Professional Assistant on a Daily Wage basis. One Sajith Kumar K. (CW 15) was employed as a Professional Assistant in the Chemistry Department. Accused No.2 obtained a copy of the educational qualification of one Vinod Kumar.D (CW14) and fraudulently added the address of the family house of CW15 and made records to the effect that the Department appointed Shri. Vinod Kumar D. as Professional Assistant in the Department of Physics on 18.08.2008. Accused No.2 misappropriated the salary of the Professional Assistant, stating that the same was disbursed to Shri Vinod Kumar D. Accused No.2 availed leave to attend an orientation programme from 10.10.2008 to 06.11.2008. The petitioner was given charge of the Department of Physics when accused No.2 was on leave.
3.2. The petitioner, while officiating as the Head of the Department of Physics, made documents showing that Shri. Vinod Kumar D. was transferred to the Department of Chemistry, knowing that appointment in the name of Shri. Vinod Kumar D. was fraudulently made by accused No.2. He also created documents showing that since October 2008 to June 2011 Shri.Vinod Kumar D. worked as a Professional Assistant and received a sum of Rs.1,84,450/- from the University.
3.3. The petitioner and the other accused dishonestly and fraudulently misappropriated the funds of the University and obtained pecuniary advantage by corrupt and illegal means by abusing their official position, thereby committed the offences punishable under Section 13(2) r/w 13(1)(c)(d) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 and Sections 468 and 471 r/w Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code.
4. The Crime was registered based on a complaint filed by one P.Surendran, a staff of the University. The VACB conducted investigation and submitted the Final Report before the Court of the Enquiry Commissioner and Special Judge. The petitioner challenges the final report and all further proceedings in C.C.No.9 of 2020 (VC 5/2017/KNR).
5. I have heard Shri.T. Asaf Ali, the learned Counsel for the petitioner and Shri. A. Rajesh, the learned Special Government Pleader (Vigilance).
6. The learned counsel for the petitioner made the following submissions:-
There is no material to show that the petitioner appointed a person by name Vinod Kumar D. Shri. Vinod Kumar D. was appointed as a Professional Assistant in the Department of Physics by Dr. N.K. Deepak (Accused No.2) who was the head of the Department of Physics. There is no prima facie material to show that there was forgery of any documents. The allegedly forged documents were not sent to expert opinion. No forged documents were seized at all
Amit Kapoor v. Ramesh Chander and another (2012) 9 SCC 460
Greik Xavier v. Sub Inspector of Police
M/s. Neeharika Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd. v State of Maharashtra and others (AIR 2021 SC 1918).
Manik Taneja v. State of Karnataka (2015) 7 SCC 423
Prashant Bharti v. State (NCT of Delhi) (2013) 9 SCC 293
Pratibha Rani V. Suraj Kumar (1985) 2 SCC 370
Rajiv Thapar and Others v. Madan Lal Kapoor (2013) 3 SCC 330)
Sajjan Kumar v. CBI (2010) 9 SCC 368
State of Kerala v. O.C. Kuttan (1999) 2 SCC 651
State of Madhya Pradesh v. Virender Kumar Tripathi (2009) 15 SCC 533
State of U.P. v. O.P. Sharma (1996) 7 SCC 705
State of West Bengal v. Swapan Kumar Guha (1982) 1 SCC 561
State through Central Bureau of Investigation v. Dr Anup Kumar Srivastava AIR 2017 SC 3698
The prosecution failed to establish a prima facie case of forgery or misappropriation against the petitioner, leading to the quashing of all proceedings.
Point of law: Criminal cases involving offences which arise from commercial, financial, mercantile, partnership or similar transactions with an essentially civil flavour may in appropriate situations....
The court ruled that the absence of dishonest intention in the allegations against the petitioners justified quashing the criminal proceedings under Section 482 of Cr.P.C.
The court affirmed that allegations of misappropriation and cheating warranted further investigation, emphasizing the High Court's limited role in assessing cognizable offences.
At the discharge stage, the court must assume prosecution evidence is true and evaluate if it discloses necessary elements of the alleged offence, not the merits of the case.
Stage of taking of cognizance of the offence and issuing process, and the stage when the charge is to be framed against the accused or alternatively the accused is to be discharged are different stag....
A court exercising its equitable jurisdiction will not exercise such jurisdiction when a prima facie view of fraud has been opined by an expert and a properly constituted criminal trial is required.
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