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2026 Supreme(Ker) 201

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
P.V.KUNHIKRISHNAN, J.
Saheer, S/o. Abdul Rahim – Petitioner 
Versus
The Ombudsman For Local Self Government Institutions – Respondent
WP(C) No. 15062 of 2025
Decided On : 11-02-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Shri. Santhosh P. Poduval, Smt. R. Rajitha, Smt. Chithra S. Babu.
For The Respondent: Sri. K. Shaj, Smt. Beena N. Kartha, Sri. Arun Chand, Shri. Bharat Vijay P., Shri. Kevin James, Smt. Minu Vittorria Paulson, Smt. Saumya.P.S, Smt. Gopika Gopal, Smt. Archana P.P., Shri. Ren Shibu, Smt. Shehroon Patel A.K.
Other Present: GP Sri K.J. Shenoy.

A Village Officer is not classified as a public servant under the Kerala Panchayat Raj Act, 1994, thus the Ombudsman lacks jurisdiction to address complaints against him.

Headnote:(A) Kerala Panchayat Raj Act, 1994 - Section 271F(c), 271F(g), and 271J - Writ petition challenging proceedings against a Village Officer before the Ombudsman for Local Self Government Institutions - The definition of 'Public Servant' under Section 271F(g) excludes the Village Officer, hence the Ombudsman's jurisdiction is not applicable - Complaint proceedings against the petitioner quashed while allowing the Ombudsman to proceed against other respondents as per law. (Paras 2-7)

(B) Jurisdiction - The Ombudsman lacks jurisdiction to proceed against individuals not classified as public servants under the Kerala Panchayat Raj Act, affirming the principle of proper legal classification and enforcement of authority based on statutory definitions. (Paras 4-7)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner, a Village Officer, challenged the proceedings initiated against him concerning a complaint filed before the Ombudsman claiming that he does not fall under the definition of 'Public Servant' as per the Kerala Panchayat Raj Act, leading to no basis for the complaint.

Findings of Court:
The court held that proceedings against the petitioner are quashed due to lack of jurisdiction, while the Ombudsman can still investigate other relevant parties in the complaint.

Issues: Whether the petitioner qualifies as a 'Public Servant' under the Act, determining the Ombudsman's authority over complaints against non-public servants.

Ratio Decidendi: The court concluded that the Village Officer does not meet the statutory definition of a public servant, thereby invalidating the Ombudsman's authority to initiate proceedings against him while allowing proceedings against other respondents to continue.

Result: Writ petition allowed; proceedings quashed.

Table of Content
1. writ petition details and parties involved. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. definitions under the kerala panchayat raj act. (Para 5)
3. ombudsman lacks jurisdiction over village officer. (Para 7)

JUDGMENT :

P.V.KUNHIKRISHNAN, J.

The above writ petition is filed with the following prayers :

i) “issue a writ of certiorari or other appropriate writ, order or direction, quashing Exhibit P1 complaint as against the petitioner;

ii) It is humbly submitted that the filing of translated copies of vernacular documents may be dispensed with this Hon’ble Court. And

iii) Issue such other orders this Hon’ble Court deem fit and proper for the facts and circumstances of this case.” [sic]

2. The petitioner is working as a Village Officer at Pathiyoor Village Office. He is aggrieved by the proceedings pending before the 1st respondent, the Ombudsman for Local Self Government Institutions, arising from a complaint filed by the 2nd respondent. The short point raised by the petitioner is that, in the light of Sec.271F (c ) and (g) read with Section 271 J of the Kerala Panchayat Raj Act, 1994 (for short 'Act'), the proceedings against the petitioner, who is a Village Officer, will not lie before the Ombudsman for Local Self Government Institutions. Hence, this writ petition.

3. Heard the learned counsel for the petitioner, the learned counsel appearing for the 2nd respondent and the learned Government Pleader.

4. Sec.271F(g) of the Act is extracted hereunder :

“(g) 'Public Servant' means an employee, or officer under the Local Self Government Institution or an elected member of the Local Self Government Institution including its President or Chairperson and includes an employee or officer of any office or institution transferred to the Local Self Government Institution under the provisions of this Act.”

5. As per the above provision, the public servant means any employee or officer under the Local Self Government Institutions, or an elected member of the Local Self Government Institutions, including the President/Chairperson and includes an employee or officer of any office or institution transferred to the Local Self Government Institution under the provisions of the Act. Admittedly, the petitioner is a Village Officer. He will not come in any of the categories mentioned in Section 271F (g) of the Act. If that is the case, the petitioner will not be a public servant as defined in Section 271F (g) of the Act. Section 271F (c) defines the ‘complaint’. Sec. 271F(c) is also extracted hereunder:

“(c) 'Complaint' means a statement of allegation that a public servant or a Local Self Government Institution is guilty of corruption or maladministration and includes any reference to an allegation in respect of which suo motu enquiry has been proposed or recommendation for enquiry has been made by Government.”

6. The functions of the Ombudsman are stated in Sec. 271J of the Act. Section 271J of the Act is also extracted hereunder :

“Section 271J: Functions of the Ombudsman

(1) The Ombudsman shall perform all or any of the following functions, namely :--

(i) Investigate into any allegation contained in a complaint or on a reference from Government, or that has come to the notice of the Ombudsman;

(ii) Enquire into any complaint in which corruption or maladministration of a public servant or a Local Self Government Institution is alleged;

(iii) Pass an order on the allegation in the following manner, namely:--

(a) Where the irregularity involves a criminal offence committed by a public servant, the matter shall be referred to the appropriate authority for investigation.

(b) Where the irregularity causes loss or inconvenience to a citizen, direct the Local self Government Institution to give him compensation and to reimburse the loss from the person responsible for the irregularity;

(c) Where the irregularity involves loss or waste or misuse of the fund of the Local Self Government Institution, realise such loss from those who are responsible for such irregularity, and

(d) Where


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