RAJASTHAN HIGH COURT
Sandeep Mehta, J.
Trilok Chand & Ors. - Appellants
Versus
State of Rajasthan & Ors. - Respondents
Criminal Revision Petition No. 1115 of 2017
Decided On : 23-07-2021
Criminal - IPC - Sections 308, 323, 325, 354 - The court interpreted the elements of culpable homicide and the nature of injuries to determine the appropriateness of charges under Section 308 IPC, ultimately quashing the charge due to lack of intent.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioners challenged the framing of charges under various IPC sections, particularly Section 308, arguing that the injuries inflicted were not indicative of intent to commit culpable homicide.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the injuries were on non-vital body parts and did not support the charge of culpable homicide, leading to the quashing of the charge under Section 308 IPC.
Issues: Whether the petitioners had the intention to commit culpable homicide as required under Section 308 IPC based on the nature of injuries inflicted.
Ratio Decidendi: The court concluded that the nature and location of the injuries did not substantiate the claim of intent to commit culpable homicide, which is essential for a charge under Section 308 IPC.
Result: The charge under Section 308 IPC against the petitioners was quashed and they were discharged from that offence.
JUDGMENT
1. The instant revision has been preferred by the petitioners for assailing the order dated 21.08.2017 passed by the learned Additional Sessions Judge, Bhadra in Sessions Case No.23/2017, whereby charges were framed against the petitioners herein for the offences under Sections 308/34, 323/34, 325/34 and 354/34 IPC.
2. The main grievance of the petitioners in this revision is regarding the charge under Section 308 IPC. In this regard, Mr. S.D. Goswami, learned counsel representing the petitioners, drew the court's attention to the following conclusions drawn by the Investigating Officer in the charge-sheet :-

3. It may be mentioned herein that the Investigating Officer found only the two petitioners involved in the offences and the other persons named by the complainant in the FIR and the statements of the witnesses were exonerated. The complainant filed an application under Section 193 CrPC, which was dismissed. However, qua the petitioners, the learned trial court proceeded to frame charges as above.
4. Learned counsel for the petitioners submits that the injuries inflicted to injured Raju Singh were on the hands. Even though such injuries were grievous, apparently, the ingredients of the offence under Section 308 would not be made out because by causing such injuries, it cannot be inferred that the accused had intention of committing culpable homicide not amounting to murder. The injuries are on non-vital body parts and thus, the order framing charge deserves to be quashed to the extent of offence under Section 308 IPC.
5. Learned Public Prosecutor, on the other hand vehemently and fervently opposed the submissions advanced by the petitioners' counsel. He urged that the petitioners forcibly trespassed into the house of the complainant and launched an armed assault. Numerous persons from the complainant's family including two ladies were beaten in a brutal manner and innumerable injuries were inflicted to them all over their bodies. Thus, as per the learned Public Prosecutor, the learned trial court was absolutely justified in directing framing of the charge against the petitioners for the offence under Section 308 IPC as well.
6. I have given my thoughtful consideration to submissions advanced at bar and have gone through the impugned order and the challan papers. The conclusion of the Investigating Officer after conducting investigation referred to Supra clearly indicates that the parties were bearing animosity towards each other because of a longstanding land dispute. The incident precipitated all of a sudden after exchange of profanities between Raju Singh and Bhanwar Lal. Bhanwar Lal's brother Trilokchand, Raju Singh's wife and other family members reached the spot upon hearing the commotion. The Investigating Officer did not find the offence under the POCSO Act made out against the accused. So far as the injuries caused to injured Raju Singh are concerned, as per the medical report, both the grievous injuries caused to him were on the hands and on the basis of these grievous injuries, the offence under Section 308 IPC was applied to the case. In the cross case lodged from the petitioners' side, charge-sheet has been filed against Raju Singh, Munaish Devi @ Guddi and Sonu Singh for the offences under Section 341, 323 and 34 IPC. Apparently, the Investigating Officer did not find the theory of the injured Raju having been forcibly dragged to the field and then beaten up substantiated and charge-sheet was not filed against the accused for the offences punishable under Sections 342 or 365 IPC.
7. This court is called upon to examine whether the accused had any intention to commit culpable homicide of injured Raju Singh. Upon perusal of the statement of Raju Singh recorded by the Investigating Officer under Section 161 CrPC, he alleged that he was picked up by Bhanwar Lal, Trilokchand and their sons and was taken to the field of Nandlal. Trilokchand, Bhanwar Lal and Trilokchand's sons and three other assailants inflicted
The court established that intent to commit culpable homicide must be clearly evidenced by the nature of injuries, which was not the case here.
At the charge framing stage, only prima facie evidence is required, and strong suspicion suffices to proceed against the accused.
Point of law: Criminal Law - Culpable homicide – Framing of charges - act done by the accused with intention or knowledge that under such circumstances death could have been caused or not - Whether ....
The central legal point established in the judgment is the requirement of intention or knowledge to commit culpable homicide not amounting to murder in cases involving Section 308 IPC.
Criminal Law – Offence of Attempt to commit culpable Homicide - Revision petition – Whether accused had intention or knowledge that injuries inflicted on the victim would cause death and as a result ....
Intent or knowledge of the accused is essential for framing charges under Section 308 IPC, irrespective of the injury's severity.
Accused cannot maintain application under Section 128(1)(a), Cr.P.C. for transferring case from Court of Sessions to a Court of Magistrate on the ground that no offence under Section 308, I.P.C. is m....
The trial court must thoroughly evaluate evidence before framing charges, as mechanical adoption of prosecution's stance is inappropriate.
For framing charges under Section 307 IPC, intention and knowledge are crucial, and a prima facie case must be established based on the injuries and circumstances surrounding the incident.
It is settled position that number of injuries or nature of injuries are not sole factor to decide upon whether any and if so what offence affecting human body is made out.
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