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2025 Supreme(HP) 1108

IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH AT SHIMLA
TARLOK SINGH CHAUHAN, SUSHIL KUKREJA, JJ.
State of H.P. - Appellant
Versus
Hardev Singh - Respondent
Cr. Appeal No. 140 of 2015
Decided on : 29-05-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the appellant:Mr. I.N. Mehta & Mr. Yashwardhan Chauhan, Senior Additional Advocates General with Mr. Ramakant Sharma, Mr. Navlesh Verma, Additional Advocates General and Mr. Raj Negi, Deputy Advocate General.
For the Respondent:Mr. P.P. Chauhan, Ms. Arushi and Ms. Tara Devi, Advocates

The presumption of innocence strengthens after acquittal, and appellate courts should not overturn such findings unless compelling evidence demonstrates guilt beyond reasonable doubt.

Headnote:(A) Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 - Section 20 - Acquittal of the accused under NDPS Act challenged - The trial court acquitted the accused based on contradictions in witness statements and insufficient proof of possession of narcotics. (Paras 10, 18, 25)

(B) Criminal Jurisprudence - Presumption of innocence - An appellate court must respect the presumption of innocence and avoid overturning acquittal unless compelling reasons are presented. (Paras 10, 11)

Facts of the case:
The appeal arises from the acquittal of Hardev Singh accused of possessing charas recovered from a vehicle after a police stop. The prosecution's evidence included witness statements and material seized, but substantial contradictions raised doubts regarding the prosecution's case. (Paras 1-6)

Findings of Court:
The acquittal was upheld on the grounds that the prosecution failed to prove its case beyond a reasonable doubt despite presenting witnesses and circumstantial evidence. (Paras 25, 26)

Issues: The main issues included the credibility of witness testimony, the evidence of possession, and the standard of proof required in criminal cases. (Paras 21, 25)

Ratio Decidendi: The court reaffirmed that acquittal strengthens the presumption of the accused's innocence. If two reasonable views arise from the evidence, the acquittal should be maintained. (Paras 10, 21)

Result: The appeal was dismissed.

Table of Content
1. prosecution's case background and facts of the incident. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. summary of trial court's acquittal decision. (Para 6 , 15)
3. arguments of both parties regarding the acquittal. (Para 7 , 8)
4. appellate court's powers in reviewing acquittal cases. (Para 9 , 10 , 11)
5. standards for reversing a trial court's acquittal. (Para 12 , 13 , 21 , 22 , 23)
6. the importance of minor discrepancies in witness testimonies. (Para 18 , 19 , 20)
7. conclusion and dismissal of the appeal. (Para 25 , 26 , 27)

JUDGMENT :

Sushil Kukreja, J.

Aggrieved by the acquittal of the respondent under Section 20 of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (for short “NDPS Act”), the State has filed the instant appeal with a prayer to set aside the impugned judgment dated 25.11.2014, passed by the learned Special Judge-II, Kullu, District Kullu, H.P., in Sessions Trial No. 77 of 2014.

2. Briefly stating facts giving rise to the present appeal, as per the prosecution story are that on 23.02.2014, around 09:30 A.M., a police party was on patrolling and traffic checking duty towards Sheetala Mata temple and near bridge, one Mahindra Tempo bearing No. HP-66-1992 came from Shishamati Bihal which was signaled to stop. The aforesaid vehicle was being driven by accused Hardev Singh. The accused was asked to produce the documents of the aforesaid tempo, however, he could not produce the same and got perplexed. The Investigating Officer Yog Raj started checking the aforesaid vehicle and the accused told that nothing was in the vehicle and he was going to get the spare tyre (stepney) of the vehicle repaired. On this, Investigating Officer Yog Raj gave a hand blow on the spare tyre (stepney) of the tempo and checked the same and he suspected that some articles of theft might have been kept inside the tyre and felt it necessary to get the spare tyre (stepney) checked. Accordingly the accused was taken to H.R.T.C. workshop at Bashing. The Investigating Officer informed Pawan Kumar Sharma Regional Manager H.R.T.C. Kullu Depot about the checking of stepney and made written request in this behalf, upon which, Regional Manager constituted a team of mechanics Beni Madhav, Trilok Chand and Kanshi Ram and the aforesaid mechanics removed the stepney in the presence of accused and police officials. Inside the stepney, sticks and round shaped black coloured substance wrapped in polythene was found which on its checking was found to be charas/cannabis. The recovered charas was put in a cloth parcel and weighed with an electronic scale and its weight was found to be 1 Kg and 33 grams with cloth parcel. Two samples of 25 grams each were taken out from the recovered charas and sealed in separate cloth parcels. The big parcel was sealed with eight seals of seal 'X' while the two small parcels were sealed with four seals each of seal 'X' and the samples of seal were separately obtained on a piece of cloth and NCB-1 form and the seal after its use was handed over to Kanshi Ram. The case property, i.e., parcels containing charas and the vehicle alongwith its keys and stepney were taken into possession vide memo which was duly signed by witnesses as well as accused. The Investigating Officer Yog Raj prepared rukka and sent the same to Police Station through ASI Dhiraj for registration of case. Pursuant to which FIR was registered and on his return ASI Dhiraj handed over the case file to Investigating Officer at Bashing. The Investigating Officer prepared spot map and recorded statements of witnesses under Section 161 Cr.P.C. and also handed over special report to Addl. S.P. Nihal Chand who after making endorsement handed over the same to his Reader HHC Kashmi Ram, who also made entry in the relevant register at serial No. 17. Thereafter the Investigating Officer on his arrival at Police Station produced the case property before the then Station House Officer Sub-Inspector Sher Singh who resealed the parcels of charas with seal 'M' and afte

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