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2025 Supreme(HP) 1355

IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH AT SHIMLA
Ranjan Sharma, J.
Som Dutt and others – Petitioners
Versus
State of Himachal Pradesh & others – Respondents
CWPOA No.2223 of 2019
Decided On : 12-09-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Mr. Rajiv Rai, Advocate.
For the Respondent:Ms. Priyanka Chauhan, Deputy Advocate General.

Statutory service rules at selection commencement prevail over inconsistent advertisements or policies; pre-new rules contract appointees deemed regulars from initial date with full benefits, as rules non-retrospective and supreme.

Headnote:(A) Service Rules, 1973 - Recruitment and Promotion - Contractual appointments - Selection process commenced via advertisements in 2008-2009 under rules mandating regular posts with pay scales, seniority from initial appointment, pension benefits - Subsequent 2009 rules introducing contract mode not retrospective - Policy decisions cannot override statutory rules - Advertisements inconsistent with rules void; candidates acquire vested right to regular status from initial date - Statutory rules prevail over inconsistent advertisement terms or executive policies (Paras 7(i), 7(ii), 7(iii), 7(iv), 8(ii)).

(B) Constitution of India - Articles 14, 16, 309 (proviso) - Discriminatory treatment of contract appointees vs regulars violative - Unequal bargaining power renders contract terms unconscionable - 2024 Act supports deeming pre-2009 contract appointees as regulars by excluding contract mode retrospectively (Paras 7(ii), 9(i), 9(ii), 10).

(C) Equal Pay for Equal Work - Claim left open for representation to authority, to be decided within specified time (Para 2(i)).

Facts of the case:
Petitioners, trained graduate teachers appointed on contract basis in 2008-2009 pursuant to advertisements, challenged contract rules as ultra vires, sought regularization from initial dates with regular pay, benefits, arrears; some already regularized, others similarly placed; state defended via 2003-2004 policies and 2024 Act.

Findings of Court:
Petitioners deemed regular appointees from initial contractual dates with all service benefits including pay scales, increments, seniority, retiral benefits; arrears for three years pre-filing; implement within six weeks; liberty for equal pay claim.

Issues: Whether contract appointments valid under 1973 rules; entitlement to regularization from initial dates; effect of 2009 rules, policies, advertisements; applicability of 2024 Act; equal pay claim.

Ratio Decidendi: Recruitment governed by rules at advertisement date; statutory rules supreme over policies, inconsistent ads; no retrospectivity to new rules impairing vested rights; parity mandates uniform treatment; 2024 Act remedies by deeming regulars those appointed sans statutory contract provision.

Result: Petition partly allowed.

Table of Content
1. liberty granted for benefit representations (Para 2)
2. 1973 rules mandated regular tgt appointments (Para 3)
3. state policy introduced contract recruitment post-2004 (Para 4 , 5)
4. policy decisions cannot override statutory rules (Para 8)
5. 2024 act retrospectively discriminatory, supports regularization (Para 9)
6. estoppel inapplicable against statutory rights (Para 10)
7. deem regular from initial appointment with benefits (Para 11 , 12)
JUDGMENT :

Ranjan Sharma, J.

Petitioners, Som Dutt, and eleven others Trained Graduate Teachers, have come up before this Court, seeking the following relief(s):-

“I. That the Rule 4.15-A (II), 15-A(Vii) (c), 15-A (Vii) (g), 15-A (vii) (h) of the Recruitment and Promotion rule dated 22.10.2009 vide Annexure P/2 framed for the appointment of Trained Graduate Teachers on contract basis may be declared Ultra Virus being the same opposed to the public policy and further being violative of Article 14 of the Constitution of India.

II. That the terms of format contract/ agreements vide Annexure P/1 entered by the respondents with the petitioners under the pressure of circumstances where the petitioners were on weaker footing and had unequal bargaining power may be declared unfair, unreasonable and against the public interest.

II(A). That the Hon'ble Court may kindly be pleased to direct the respondents to consider the appointment of the petitioners on regular basis from their initial date of appointment instead of contract appointment along with all consequential benefits with interest."

III. That the Rule 2 (1) of the Himachal Pradesh Civil Services P/2) (Revised Pay) Rules, 2009 may kindly be declared null and void same being the violative of Article 14 of the Constitution of India.

IV. That the respondents may kindly be directed to remove the disparity in the pay scale of the petitioners who are contract appointees with respect to the regular appointees by applying the principle of Equal Pay for the Equal Work.

V. That the respondents may kindly further be directed to grant the equal Pay and Allowances to the petitioners from the date of their initial appointments along with interest @ 18% per annum as being paid by the respondents to their regular appointed Trained Graduate Teachers.

VI. That the respondents may further be directed to calculate and pay the arrears to the petitioners along with interest @ 18% per annum from the date of their initial appointment by applying the principle of Equal Pay for the Equal Work.”

2. Learned Counsel for the petitioners at the very outset, submits that so far as Prayer no II (A) is concerned though the State Authorities have stated in the Instructions dated 13.09.2024 [Taken on record] that the above benefits stands extended to the petitioners No. 3, 4, 6 and 12 by giving them the benefit deemed appointment from date of initial contractual appointment in terms of the office order dated 16.06.2024, but accruable financial benefits have not been released to them, as yet. Learned Counsel submits that so far as the petitioners 1, 2, 5, 7 & 11 are concerned they have not been granted the benefits as extended to the petitioners no(s) 3, 4, 6 and 12, despite being similarly placed. Learned Counsel submits that so far as petitioners no(s) 8 to 10 are concerned, they may be granted the liberty to claim relief, by making representation to concerned authority. Prayer being innocuous, is not opposed by Learned State Counsel and therefore, liberty as prayed for, is granted.

2(i). Regarding Prayer No. IV, claiming Equal Pay for Equal Work is concerned, Learned Counsel for petitioner states that he may be permitted to file an appropriate representation before Competent Authority for asserting such claim. Learned State Counsel does not oppose the same also. Accordingly, this Court leaves it open to the petitioners to raise a claim regarding Equal Pay for Equal Work, as in Prayer No. IV with the Competent Authority expeditiously and not later than one month from today







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