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2025 Supreme(HP) 1401

IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH, SHIMLA
Rakesh Kainthla, J.
Rajesh Kumar - Petitioner
Versus
State of H.P. - Respondent
Cr. Revision No. 4079 of 2013
Decided On : 30-10-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Mr Tara Singh Chauhan, Senior Advocate, with Mr Surya Chauhan, Advocate.
For the Respondent:Mr Ajit Sharma, Deputy Advocate General.

Revisional jurisdiction under CrPC Section 397 is limited to patent errors or perversity; cannot re-appreciate evidence or disturb concurrent findings on rash negligent driving proved by reliable eyewitnesses despite some hostile.

Headnote:(A) Cr.P.C. Sections 397 and 401 - Revisional jurisdiction - Limited supervisory power to correct patent defects, errors of jurisdiction, law or perversity - Revisional Court cannot re-appreciate evidence, act as appellate Court or interfere with concurrent findings of trial and appellate Courts unless grossly erroneous, based on no evidence or material evidence ignored - Detailed appreciation by lower Courts precludes interference. (Paras 13, 14, 16, 18)

(B) IPC Sections 279, 337 and 338 - Rash and negligent driving causing hurt - Proved by reliable eyewitness testimonies corroborated by medical evidence and prompt FIR - High speed on kacha portion of wide road with pedestrians constitutes negligence - No explanation for veering off metalled road. (Paras 19-25, 43)

(C) Evidence Act Section 155(3) - Hostile witnesses - Credibility impeached by prior contradictory statements; cannot discard prosecution case solely on their turn - Interested/related witnesses - Not inherently unreliable; scrutinised with caution; reliable if consistent and probable; relationship no ground for discard absent motive. (Paras 26-42)

(D) Sentencing - Motor accident cases - Deterrent sentence warranted due to rising accidents and callous driving; leniency not justified where negligence clear. (Paras 44-47)

Facts of the case:
Petitioner convicted by trial Court under IPC Sections 279, 337, 338 for rash and negligent driving of car at high speed hitting pedestrian outside hospital causing simple and grievous injuries; sentence upheld by appellate Court; revision challenging appreciation of evidence, identification of vehicle/driver and sentence.

Findings of Court:
Prosecution case proved beyond doubt by consistent eyewitnesses, medical evidence, site plan; hostile witnesses discredited; negligence established; concurrent findings proper; no interference warranted; sentence lenient and deterrent policy upheld.

Issues: Scope of revisional jurisdiction; reliability of eyewitnesses including related and hostile ones; proof of rash negligence; quantum of sentence in motor accident.

Ratio Decidendi: Revisional jurisdiction narrow, not for re-appreciating evidence; concurrent factual findings binding absent perversity; related eyewitnesses credible if consistent; driving on kacha portion of wide road at high speed with pedestrians negligent per se; deterrence in sentencing emphasized.

Result: Revision petition dismissed; conviction and sentence upheld.

Table of Content
1. summary of accident facts, investigation, and trial proceedings (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. lower courts upheld conviction for negligent driving (Para 6 , 7)
3. petitioner challenges proof of negligence and seeks leniency (Para 8 , 10)
4. state defends concurrent findings of negligence (Para 11)
5. revisional jurisdiction limited to patent errors or perversity (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18)
6. eyewitnesses corroborate accused's negligent driving (Para 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23)
7. driver negligent for veering to kacha road portion (Para 24 , 25)
8. hostile witnesses discredited by prior inconsistent statements (Para 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35)
9. related witnesses credible if reliable and consistent (Para 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42)
10. prosecution proved rash driving causing injuries (Para 43)
11. deterrent sentence warranted for rash driving offenses (Para 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48)
12. revision dismissed; conviction and sentence upheld (Para 49 , 50)

JUDGMENT :

Rakesh Kainthla, J.

The present revision is directed against the judgment dated 6.6.2013, passed by learned Additional Sessions Judge, Ghumarwin, District Bilaspur, H.P. (learned Appellate Court), vide which the judgment of conviction dated 2.11.2011 and order of sentence dated 17.11.2011, passed by learned Judicial Magistrate First Class, Court No. 3, Ghumarwin, District Bilaspur, H.P. (learned Trial Court) were upheld. (Parties shall hereinafter be referred to in the same manner as they were arrayed before the learned Trial Court for convenience.)

2. Briefly stated, the facts giving rise to the present revision are that the police filed a charge sheet against the accused before the learned Trial Court for the commission of offences punishable under Sections 279, 337 and 338 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) and Section 184 of the Motor Vehicles Act (MV Act). It was asserted that the informant Giano Devi (PW1), her husband Nand Lal (PW2) and Veena Devi (PW3) were standing outside Civil Hospital, Ghumarwin, on 19.2.2003 at about 4.15 PM. A car bearing registration No. HP-23-0247 came from Ghumarwin at a high speed and hit Nand Lal, who sustained injuries. The driver sped away from the spot. Informant made a statement (Ex.PW1/A) which was sent to the Police Station, where FIR (Ex.PW10/A) was registered. ASI Surender Singh (PW11) investigated the matter. He prepared the site plan (Ex.PW11/C). Dr Arvind Tandon (PW6) conducted the medical examination of Nand Lal, who found that Nand Lal had suffered simple and grievous injuries which could have been caused within two hours of examination. He issued MLC (Ex.PW6/A). HC Prakash Chand (PW10) conducted the further investigation. He seized the vehicle bearing registration No. HP- 23-0247, along with documents vide memo (Ex.PW4/A). HHC Dev Raj (PW8) examined the vehicle and found that there was no defect in it which could have led to the accident. Statements of prosecution witnesses were recorded as per their version, and after investigation, the challan was prepared and presented before the learned Trial Court.

3. The learned Trial Court found sufficient reasons to summon the accused. When the accused appeared, a notice of accusation was put to him for the commission of offences punishable under Sections 279, 337 and 338 of the IPC, to which he pleaded not guilty and claimed to be tried.

4. The prosecution examined eleven witnesses to prove its case. Giano Devi (PW1) is the informant. Nand Lal (PW2) is the victim, Veena Devi (PW3) is an eyewitness. Roop Lal (PW4), Rakesh Kumar (PW5) and Rajesh Kumar (PW9) did not support the prosecution’s case. Dr Arvind Tandon (PW6) medically examined the victim. Satpal (PW7) is the owner of the vehicle who proved that the accused was the driver of the vehicle. HHC Dev Raj (PW8) conducted a mechanical examination of the vehicle. HC Prakash Chand (PW10) and Surender Singh (PW11) investigated the matter.

5. The accused, in his statement recorded under Section 313 of

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