SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

2025 Supreme(HP) 1510

IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH, SHIMLA
RAKESH KAINTHLA, J. 
Raj Kumar @ Rajesh - Petitioner
Versus
State of Himachal Pradesh - Respondent
Cr. Revision No.214 of 2014 
Decided On : 18-11-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Mr. Naveen K. Bhardwaj, Advocate.
For the Respondent:Mr. Ajit Sharma, Deputy Advocate General.

Revisional jurisdiction limited; cannot re-appreciate evidence to upset concurrent convictions absent perversity, jurisdictional error, or miscarriage of justice; injured witness testimony highly reliable.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 452, 326, 427 - House-trespass after preparation to cause hurt, voluntarily causing grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means, mischief causing damage to property - Criminal revision against concurrent judgments of conviction - Revisional jurisdiction narrow; confined to patent defects, errors of jurisdiction or law, not re-appreciation of evidence - Concurrent findings not to be upset absent perversity or gross miscarriage of justice - Testimony of injured witnesses carries great evidentiary value, not to be discarded lightly without compelling reasons - Enmity double-edged, provides motive for offence or false implication - Defective investigation, including non-forensic examination of weapon or blood-stained articles, not sufficient to doubt prosecution if ocular evidence reliable - Minor contradictions in eyewitness statements after lapse of time, or unsubstantiated prior inconsistencies, do not discredit core version. (Paras 13-49)

(B) Evidence Act, 1872 - Section 145 - Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Section 162 - Contradicting witnesses with prior statements - Attention must be specifically drawn to relevant parts; failure renders prior inconsistencies inadmissible - Courts cannot suo motu notice unproved contradictions. (Paras 33-36)

(C) Medical evidence - Alternative possibilities (e.g., injuries by fall) do not override credible eyewitness accounts - Opinion on force/impact subject to victim evasion. (Paras 23-24)

Facts of the case:
Accused entered complainant's shop armed with sharp heavy weapon, threatened to kill, attempted blows on complainant and intervener who averted with hands sustaining grievous/simple injuries, damaged sewing machines/clothes worth Rs.40,000/- - Prompt police report, site inspection, seizure of damaged articles/weapon, medical confirmation of injuries possible by such weapon - Trial court convicted, sessions court upheld; revision urging enmity, contradictions, non-FSL analysis.

Findings of Court:
Prosecution case proved beyond doubt by consistent injured/eyewitness testimonies corroborated by medical/site evidence; no perversity in lower courts' appreciation; sentences not excessive.

Issues: Scope of revisional interference with concurrent convictions; reliability of injured/eyewitness evidence amid enmity; effect of investigative lapses and unsubstantiated contradictions.

Ratio Decidendi: Revisional court exercises supervisory jurisdiction, not appellate; upholds lower courts where evidence duly appreciated without perversity - Injured testimony presumed truthful unless inherently improbable; defective probe penalises no one if substratum reliable; proper confrontation mandatory for prior inconsistencies.

Result: Revision dismissed.

Table of Content
1. armed trespass, grievous hurt, property damage alleged. (Para 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. lower courts convicted, appeal dismissed. (Para 6 , 7)
3. contradictions, enmity, false implication claimed. (Para 8 , 10)
4. revisional jurisdiction limited absent perversity. (Para 9 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18)
5. injured witnesses, medical evidence reliable. (Para 11)
6. injured witnesses presumptively credible. (Para 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24)
7. defective investigation not fatal. (Para 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29)
8. eyewitnesses mutually corroborate victims. (Para 30 , 31 , 32 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45)
9. confront witness with prior contradictions. (Para 33 , 34 , 35 , 36)
10. hostile witness unreliable due enmity. (Para 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41)
11. conviction, sentence upheld; revision dismissed. (Para 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50)

JUDGMENT :

Rakesh Kainthla, J.

The present revision is directed against the judgment 13.06.2014 passed by learned Additional Sessions Judge, Kullu, District Kullu, H.P. (learned Appellate Court), vide which judgment of conviction dated 16.03.2013 and order of sentence dated 23.03.2013, passed by learned Chief Judicial Magistrate, Lahul Spiti at Kullu, District Kullu, H.P. (learned Trial Court), were upheld. (Parties shall hereinafter be referred to in the same manner as they were arrayed before the learned Trial Court for convenience.)

2. Briefly stated, the facts giving rise to the present revision are that the police presented a challan against the accused for the commission of offences punishable under Sections 452, 326, 427 and 506 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (IPC).It was asserted that Jitender Thakur (PW-1) was running a shop in the name and style of Chandigarh Tailor at Sheglu Bazar. He was sewing the clothes on 21.05.2007 in his shop. Raj Kumar @ Raju (accused) entered his shop at about 4:00 p.m. The accused was armed with a ‘Darat’. He threatened to kill the informant. Sangat Ram (PW-2) came to the spot and tried to pacify the accused; however, the accused inflicted a blow with a Darat to Sangat Ram. Sangat Ram (PW-2) averted the blow with his hands. The accused inflicted a Darat blow upon the informant. The informant also averted the blow with his left hand. The informant shouted for help. Kishan Chand, Ati Bahadur, Dhana Devi (PW-7) and Maya Devi (PW-3) reached the spot. The accused damaged the machines and the clothes lying in the informant’s shop. The informant sustained a loss of RS. 40,000/-. The matter was reported to the police. An entry No. 22 was recorded in the Police Station. HC Uttam Chand (PW-8) went to the spot to verify the correctness of the information. He recorded the statement (Ext.PW-1/A) of the informant and sent it to the Police Station, where F.I.R. (Ext.PW-5/A) was registered. HC Uttam Chand (PW-8) investigated the matter. He prepared the site plan (Ext.PW8/A). He seized the damaged articles vide memo (Ext.PW-7/A). The accused produced a ‘Darat’ (Ext.P-3), which was seized vide memo (Ext.PW-3/A). Dr Suresh Thakur (PW-6) medically examined Jitender Thakur (PW-1) and found that he had sustained grievous and simple injuries, which could have been caused by means of a Darat. He issued his MLC (Ext.PW-6/A).Dr Suresh Thakur also examined Sangat Ram (PW-2) and found that he had sustained simple and grievous injuries which could have been caused within 50 to 60 minutes by a sharp and heavy weapon like a Darat. He issued his MLC (Ext.PW6/B). The injured Sangat Ram (PW-2) and Jitender Thakur (PW-1) produced their blood-stained shirts, which were sealed in separate parcels. Seal impressions (Ext.PW-8/C and Ext.PW8/D) were taken on separate pieces of cloth. The parcels were seized vide memos (Ext.PW-1/B and Ext. PW-2/A). Photographs of the spot (Ext.P1 to P4) whose negatives are Ext. P5 to Ext. P8) were taken. Statements of witnesses were recorded as per their version, and after completion of the investigation, the challan was prepared and presented before the learned Trial Court.

3. Learned T




Click Here to Read the rest of this document
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
SupremeToday Portrait Ad
supreme today icon
logo-black

An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

Please visit our Training & Support
Center or Contact Us for assistance

qr

Scan Me!

India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

whatsapp-icon telegram-icon
whatsapp-icon Back to top