THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
P.B.BALAJI, J.
P. Thendral – Appellant
Versus
T. Maheswari Kannamal, (Died) – Respondent
A.S.No.888 of 2025 & CMP.No.21731 of 2025
Decided On : 13-02-2026
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. factual background of property disputes (Para 1 , 2) |
| 2. arguments from both parties (Para 10 , 11) |
| 3. court's analysis and observations on evidence and limitations (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 22) |
| 4. insights on limitation and enforceability of judgments (Para 17 , 21) |
| 5. final judgment and outcome of appeal (Para 23) |
JUDGMENT :
P.B.BALAJI, J.
The 5th defendant in O.S.No.94 of 2015, aggrieved by the decree for partition, is the appellant.
2.Pleadings:
The plaint in brief:
(a) The suit properties belong to one Anuma Gounder. Anuma Gounder was blessed with three sons, namely Rajappan, Manickam and Ramu Gounder. After the demise of Anuma Gounder and his wife, the daughter and one son, Rajappan, along with the remaining two sons, Manickam and Ramu Gounder have jointly enjoyed the properties. Items 2, 3 and 4 were allotted to share of the deceased Rajappan in an oral partition, even during the lifetime of Anuma Gounder. Item 1 was the subject matter of O.S.No.93 of 2001 and after disposal of the said suit, the said item of the property was divided into three equal shares amongst the three sons of Anuma Gounder. An appeal was preferred in A.S.No.94 of 2004, challenging the decree in O.S.No.93 of 2001 and the same was dismissed. The said Rajappan and his two brothers divided the properties for convenient enjoyment and under such division, Item 1 was enjoyed by Rajappan.
(b) Even during the lifetime of Rajappan, the plaintiff, as well as Kannammal and the 2nd defendant, the daughter of the deceased Rajappan, who was then alive, jointly enjoyed the property along with him. As Rajappan was maintaining the property, the plaintiff gave 1/3rd share to Rajappan. Rajappan wanted to get a loan for upliftment of the properties and he took defendants 1 and 2 to the Sub-Registrar’s Office and obtained their signatures in some stamp papers. The plaintiff, as well as the 2nd defendant and their mother were under the impression that they were executing the document only for the purposes of obtaining loan. Kannammal is the wife of the deceased Rajappan and Muthammal and Makeswari were born to her. Rajappan had an illegal relationship with one Periapappa and through the said Periapappa, Kamala and Palaniappan were born and they are illegitimate children and they do not have any right in the property which belongs to the plaintiff and the 2nd defendant alone.
(c) The plaintiff approached the 1st defendant and requested an amicable partition.The 1st defendant assured the plaintiff that since O.S.No.93 of 2001 was pending, the plaintiff’s share would be given after passing of the final decree in O.S.No.93 of 2001. The 4th defendant claimed that Rajappan had executed a gift deed in favour of the 5th defendant. The plaintiff applied for Encumbrance Certificate and came to know of a settlement deed executed in Doc.No.1569 of 2007, which is legally not enforceable, as Rajappan has no right to create the document as he is only a coparcener and not the absolute owner. The suit properties are ancestral properties and the plaintiff, her father and the 2nd defendant were enjoying the same jointly. The plaintiff’s signature in the partition deed in Doc.No.1482 of 2009 dated 22.06.2009 was obtained fraudulently and the settlement deed and the partition deed are not binding on the plaintiff. The 5th defendant created a Will in respect of Item 3 of the suit property and in and by a sale deed dated 05.11.2011, the property was sold in favour of the 4th defendant. The plaintiff’s father did not execute any Will and in view of the attempts made to deprive the plaintiff of a legitimate share, the plaintiff has come forward to file a suit for partition.
3. Written statement of the 2 nd defendant in brief:
The plaint allegations are denied. The property was purchased in the name of Anuma Gounder, with the aid of ancestral nucleus. The property is an ancestral property and not self acquired property of Anuma Gounder. The claim that the property was al
A party is estopped from making claims contrary to prior admissions in legal notices, and a partition deed signed by the plaintiff is binding, rendering any claims of joint ownership barred by limita....
In a partition suit, registered documents act as constructive notice, initiating the limitation period. Prolonged exclusive possession of ancestral property by a co-owner establishes ouster. Addition....
Properties claimed as self-acquired were determined to be ancestral; the appeal for partition was dismissed due to lack of joint possession evidence and non-joinder of necessary parties, also barred ....
The property in question ceased to be ancestral due to prior Release Deeds; plaintiffs failed to prove their claim for partition and their action was barred by limitation.
The court affirmed that ancestral property rights under the Hindu Succession Act grant a daughter the right to claim partition; a Will must be proven validly to be binding.
The court upheld the validity of the partition deed, ruling the plaintiffs' belated challenge was barred by limitation and emphasizing that prior acceptance of the deed by their father precluded the ....
The court ruled that an oral partition established the properties as separate and self-acquired, barring claims for partition after 18 years and validating a gift deed executed by the coparcener.
The court established the principle that under the Tamil Nadu Amendment Act 1/1990, a daughter is entitled to her share in ancestral property, and any disposition or alienation without her consent is....
A suit for partition filed after the limitation period is barred; knowledge of exclusion triggers the 12-year limit under the Limitation Act. Ancestral property cannot be alienated unilaterally by a ....
The main legal point established in the judgment is the interpretation of the Hindu Succession Act and the determination of entitlement to shares in ancestral and self-acquired properties.
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