THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
P.B.BALAJI, J.
C.S. Senthilkumar – Appellant
Versus
R. Komalavalli – Respondent
A.S. No.1108 of 2024 and CMP. No.28199 of 2024
Decided On : 09-01-2026
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. appellants' arguments on property ownership and settlement deeds (Para 4) |
| 2. respondents' arguments regarding ancestral property nature (Para 5) |
| 3. court's analysis of arguments and findings (Para 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21) |
| 4. final conclusion and judgment outcome (Para 22) |
JUDGMENT :
P.B.BALAJI, J.
The defendants 2 to 5 in a suit for partition and separate possession are the appellants in this First Appeal.
II. PLEADINGS:
2.1. PLAINT, IN BRIEF:
The suit property, an ancestral joint family property of the plaintiffs and the defendants, originally belonged to C. Ekamabara hetty and Munuswamy hetty. The said Munuswamy hetty and his son Shanmuga hetty executed a deed of release in favour of Ekambara hetty, way back in the year, 1937, relinquishing their rights in the suit property in favour of Ekamabara hetty. The first defendant is the son of Ekambara hetty. The first defendant had two sisters by name C.Sulochana and .Saraswathi. They had also executed a Release Deed in favour of the first defendant. The defendants 1 to 3 have sold an extent of 2,044 sq.ft out of 3,836 sq.ft to one Krishnamurthy, under sale deed dated 21.08.1986 and retained the remaining 1,792 sq.ft. which is the suit property. The property has been in joint possession and enjoyment of the plaintiffs and the defendants 1 to 3. The plaintiffs requested the defendants 1 to 3, claiming their share in the property but however, the defendants evaded an amicable partition. The plaintiff thereafter applied for an Encumbrance ertificate and came to know that on 19.02.2019, the first defendant, behind the back of the plaintiffs had settled the property in favour of defendants 4 and 5, who are sons of the defendants 2 and 3, respectively. The first defendant had no right to execute the settlement deed and they are not valid and binding on the plaintiffs. The suit property will fetch not less than Rs.15,000/- per month if rented out and the plaintiffs claiming partition and mense profits, issued a notice on 01.03.2019 and despite receipt of the notice, the defendants did not comply with the demands made by the plaintiffs, necessitating the plaintiffs to file the suit for partition.
2.2. WRITTEN STATEMENT OF THE FIRST DEFENDANT IN BRIEF:
The first defendant, being the father of the plaintiffs, filed a written statement stating that he has no objection for the suit being decreed.
2.3. WRITTEN STATEMENT OF THE SECOND DEFENDANT AND ADOPTED BY THE FOURTH DEFENDANT, IN BRIEF:
The suit property was a separate property of C.E.Selvaraj, the first defendant by virtue of Release Deeds in Doc. Nos.2754 and 2785 of 1978 and on and from the said dates of the registered Release Deeds, the properties lost its character of joint family property and had become absolute property of the first defendant. The first defendant sold a portion of the property measuring 2044 sq.ft only in order to meet the marriage expenses of the plaintiff and retained the remaining property and he was in separate and absolute enjoyment of the same. The first and second defendants have already released their rights in the property in favour of defendants 2 and 3, but however, the said document was not registered since the plaintiffs had no title over the suit property and the defendants also believed that the plaintiffs would not claim any right in future. The plaintiffs cannot challenge the settlement deeds, in and whereby, the first defendant has settled the properties and divested himself of all his rights in the suit property in favour of his minor grandchildren. The settlement deeds were acted and revenue records were also mutated in the name of the minor children and taxes and other public outgoing are paid only in the names of the minor children. The suit property is not fetching any rental incomes and it is in dilapidated condition. The plaintiffs were informed even in 2010 that the suit property has been settled in favour of the grandchildren and there
Uma Devi & Others Vs. Ananda Kumar and Others
K.S.Nanji and Co. Vs. Jatashankar Dossa and others
B.L.Sreedhar and others Vs. K.M.Munireddy (Dead) and others
Shyam Narayan Prasad Vs. Krishna Prasad and others
Thamma Venkata Subbamma (Dead) by LR Vs. Thamma Rattamma and Others
The property in question ceased to be ancestral due to prior Release Deeds; plaintiffs failed to prove their claim for partition and their action was barred by limitation.
In a partition suit, registered documents act as constructive notice, initiating the limitation period. Prolonged exclusive possession of ancestral property by a co-owner establishes ouster. Addition....
Properties claimed as self-acquired were determined to be ancestral; the appeal for partition was dismissed due to lack of joint possession evidence and non-joinder of necessary parties, also barred ....
A party is estopped from making claims contrary to prior admissions in legal notices, and a partition deed signed by the plaintiff is binding, rendering any claims of joint ownership barred by limita....
A suit for partition filed after the limitation period is barred; knowledge of exclusion triggers the 12-year limit under the Limitation Act. Ancestral property cannot be alienated unilaterally by a ....
The court established that unregistered documents affecting rights in immovable property are inadmissible in evidence, and that joint family properties are subject to partition among all rightful hei....
The main legal point established in the judgment is the determination of property rights based on the source of purchase and the validity of settlement deeds executed within a family.
A party who has relinquished their rights in joint family properties cannot later claim partition or execute a will regarding those properties.
In property disputes, properties obtained through partition are considered self-acquired, affirming the right of absolute ownership and the validity of subsequent transfers unless proven otherwise.
Ancestral properties must be proven to remain joint family properties post-partition; otherwise, they are deemed separate and not subject to partition claims.
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