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2024 Supreme(Mad) 1814

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
R. SUBRAMANIAN, R. SAKTHIVEL, JJ.
M.M. Kumaresan - Appellant
Versus
M. Shanmugavadivu & Ors. - Respondents
A.S. Nos. 345 & 350 of 2017 and 898 & 899 of 2018
Decided On : 13-06-2024

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Mr. K. Sukumaran, Mr. C. Veeraraghavan, Mr. P. Valliappan, Senior Counsel, Mr. M. Sriram.
For the Respondent: Mr. P. Valliappan, Senior Counsel, Mr. K. Sukumaran, Mr. C. Veeraraghavan, Mr. V. Ramesh Vel, Mr. M. Sriram.

Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure - Sections 96, Order 41 Rule 1 - Hindu Succession Act, 1956 - Section 6 and 8 - Partition Suit - Plaintiff entitled to half share in ancestral properties; Trial Court’s finding on oral partition not proved - Defendants failed to establish validity of three Wills, which were suspected to be collusive and fraudulent - Sale Deed by Defendant through Power Agent hit by Lis Pendens - Injunction restraining defendants from alienating plaintiff’s share until final decree passed. (Paras 24, 25, 27, 28)

(B) Property Rights - The plaintiff, as a coparcener under the amended Hindu Succession Act, has equal rights to claim share in undisputed ancestral joint family properties; The existence of an oral partition must be established and cannot merely be claimed. (Paras 19.1, 24)

(C) Limitation - The plaintiff's claim is not barred as rights of a coparcener can only be claimed on the basis of exclusion from joint family property. (Paras 26)

(D) Sale Transactions - A sale executed during the pendency of proceedings does not invalidate the share of the purchaser, provided rights can be established during final decree. (Pars 27).

JUDGMENT :

R. SAKTHIVEL, J.

[PRAYER: Appeal Suit filed under Section 96 of the Code of Civil Procedure against the judgment and decree made in O.S.No.770 of 2008 dated 19.04.2017 on the file of V Additional District Judge, Coimbatore.

PRAYER: Appeal Suit filed under Section 96 of the Code of Civil Procedure read with Order 41 Rule 1 of the Code of Civil Procedure against the judgment and decree made in O.S.No.65 of 2017 dated 19.04.2017 on the file of V Additional District Judge, Coimbatore.

PRAYER: Appeal Suit filed under Section 96 of the Code of Civil Procedure read with Order 41 Rule 1 of the Code of Civil Procedure against the judgment and decree dated 19.04.2017 made in O.S.No.770 of 2008 on the file of V Additional District Judge, Coimbatore.

PRAYER: Appeal Suit filed under Section 96 of the Code of Civil Procedure against the judgment and decree dated 19.04.2017 made in O.S.No.65 of 2017 on the file of V Additional District Judge, Coimbatore.]

A.S.Nos.345 of 2017 & 898 of 2018 are arising from O.S.No.770 of 2008 on the file of ‘V- Additional District Judge, Coimbatore’ (henceforth ‘Trial Court’). A.S.Nos.350 of 2017 & 899 of 2018 are arising from O.S.No.65 of 2017 on the file of the Trial Court. Since, all these appeals are arising out of a common judgment and decree dated April 19, 2017, they are disposed of by this common judgment.

2. For the sake of convenience, the parties will hereinafter be referred to as per their array in the Partition Suit namely, O.S.No.770 of 2008.

Case of the Plaintiff :

3. The Suit Properties are the absolute properties of M. Mylsamy Gounder by virtue of a registered Partition Deed dated April 30, 1952. He possessed and enjoyed these properties as his own until his death. He died intestate on May 24, 1996, leaving behind the plaintiff and the first defendant (D1) as his legal heirs, who are each entitled to half share in the Suit Properties. Since their father's death, the plaintiff and D1 have jointly possessed and enjoyed the Suit Properties, sharing the expenses and income from them. Over the past six months, misunderstandings have arisen between the plaintiff and D1, leading to the plaintiff demanding a permanent partition of the Suit Properties. In the last week of June 2008, the plaintiff learned that D1 had executed a Gift Settlement Deed in favour of his wife – second defendant (D2), regarding a portion of the Suit Properties for constructing a new house. On June 25, 2008, a panchayat was convened at the plaintiff's instance to resolve the dispute. In the panchayat, D1 stated he would not give any share in the Suit Properties to the plaintiff and instead offered a monetary amount in lieu of her share. The plaintiff did not accept this offer. Subsequently, it was found that D1, intending to defeat and defraud the plaintiff's rights over the Suit Properties, had executed a Gift Settlement Deed dated June 26, 2007, in favour of D2 concerning 21 Cents in Survey No. 708 included in the Suit Properties. He had no right to do so. Additionally, it was discovered that the names of D1, the third defendant (D3), and the fourth defendant (D4) were surreptitiously included in the Pattas concerning the Suit Properties, which is void and not binding on the plaintiff.

3.1. Through the amended plaint, the plaintiff has additionally stated that, Suit Properties are undivided joint-family properties of plaintiff and D1. During the pendency of the Suit, 5th defendant (D5) and 6th defendant (D6) purportedly purchased a portion of the land in Survey No.708 under a Sale Deed dated December 15, 2010, from D4 through D1 as his power agent. Such a transaction would not be valid and binding on the plaintiff and would also be hit by lis pendens.

Hence, the Suit for partition, separate possession, and permanent injunction.

3.2. Further, the plaintiff filed another Suit before I-Additional District Munsif Court

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