IN THE HIGH COURT OF ORISSA AT CUTTACK
A.C. BEHERA, J.
State Of Orissa And Another - Appellants
Versus
M/s. B. Engineers and Builders Private Limited - Respondent
S.A. No.127 of 1995
Decided On : 03-12-2024
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. background of the case and parties involved. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5) |
| 2. issues framed by the trial court. (Para 6 , 9) |
| 3. waiver of notice as per legal precedents. (Para 12 , 18) |
| 4. analysis of statutory notice requirement. (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 17) |
| 5. conclusion and dismissal of the appeal. (Para 19 , 20) |
JUDGMENT :
A.C. Behera, J.
This 2nd appeal has been preferred against the confirming judgment.
2. The appellants(State and Executive Engineer) in this 2nd appeal were the defendants before the trial court in the suit vide T.S. No.04 of 1992 and appellants before the 1st appellate court in the 1st appeal vide T.A. No.04 of 1993.
The respondent in this 2nd appeal, i.e., company was the sole plaintiff before the trial court in the suit vide T.S. No.04 of 1992 and respondent before the 1st appellate court in the 1st appeal vide T.A. No.04 of 1993.
3. The suit of the plaintiff-company vide T.S. No.04 of 1992 before the trial court against the defendants was a suit for declaration.
The case of the plaintiff-company before the trial court in nutshell against the defendants was that, the plaintiff being a registered construction company had entered into an agreement with the defendants vide Agreement No.56/G2/C.E.C. (Roads) L.S.84-85 for construction of a H.L. Bridge over river Vansadhara river near Gunupur in the district of Rayagada in order to complete such construction works within 36 calendar months starting from 25.01.1985 by furnishing Bank guarantees for Rs.8,85,000/- as security of such work, but due to non-completion of construction works within the above stipulated period for some unforeseen natural obstacles beyond control, the time period of completion was extended by the defendants in two phases up to 30.06.1992 on the application of the plaintiff-company.
Out of all the running bills of such construction works submitted by the plaintiff, only forty two numbers of running bills were passed in favour of the plaintiff by the defendants, but, the defendants did not clear the 44th, 45th and 46 numbers of running bills of the plaintiff. During that time, the cost of construction materials and wages of the labourers were increased. For which, the plaintiff incurred extra expenditures for the construction of works with the knowledge of the defendants. Therefore, the plaintiff submitted bills for his extra expenditures due to increase of the rates of construction materials and wages of the laourers, but, the said bills were also not cleared by the defendants. Instead of clearing the pending bills, surprisingly, as per letters dated 27.01.1992 and 29.01.1992 respectively, the defendants unilaterally cancelled the agreement of the plaintiff and intimated the plaintiff that, they(defendants) shall adjust the security deposit of the plaintiff towards part of their losses for the delay in construction works by the plaintiff, i.e., for non-completion of the same in due time.
4. For which, without getting any way, the plaintiff approached the civil court by filing the suit vide T.S. No.04 of 1992 against the defendants praying for a declaration that, the rescission/cancellation of its contract through Letter Nos.1165 dated 27.01.1992 and letter No.1312 dated 29.01.1992 respectively issued by the plaintiff are illegal, invalid, inoperative and non-existent in the eye of law and to declare that, the plaintiff is entitled to get refund of his security deposit, i.e., Rs.8,85,000/.
5. The defendants contested the suit of the plaintiff-company by filing their joint written statement denying the averments made by the plaintiff in the plaint taking their stands inter alia therein that, the works programme for each month for each item relating to construction was planned by the defendants and the defendants had given such plan to the plaintiff, to which, the plaintiff agreed to follow, but later, the plaintiff did follow the same. For which, the defendant no.2 issued instructions to the plaintiff time and again through several letters fo
Basudeb Biswal and others vrs. Padmanav Choudhury and others
Non-service of statutory notice under Section 80 of the C.P.C. is waivable if no objection is raised in the defendants' written statement, allowing the suit to be maintained.
The burden of proving impossibility under Section 56 of the Indian Contract Act lies with the party asserting it, and self-induced inability does not justify non-performance.
A contracting party must prove the impossibility of performance to invoke Section 56 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872; self-induced inability does not excuse breach.
A party alleging impossibility under Section 56 of the Indian Contract Act must substantiate claims with evidence; self-induced circumstances do not qualify for relief.
The burden of proving impossibility under Section 56 of the Indian Contract Act rests on the asserting party; failure to provide such evidence results in dismissal of claims.
The court established that failure to raise an objection regarding the non-service of notice under Section 80 of the C.P.C. during the trial results in a waiver of that right, thus maintaining the su....
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