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2023 Supreme(P&H) 1991

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
HARNARESH SINGH GILL, J.
Tilak Raj – Petitioner
Versus
State of Haryana & Ors. – Respondents
CWP-21528 of 2020 (O&M)
Decided On : 09-02-2023

Advocates Appeared:
Mr. Sourabh Kandoi, Advocate for Mr. Balkar Singh, Advocate; For the Petitioner
For the Respondent: Mr. Rohit Arya, DAG Haryana.
Ms. Neha Awasthi, Advocate for Respondent No.3.
Mr. Manjeet Singh, Advocate for Respondent No.5.
Mr. Onkar Singh, Advocate for Respondent No.

Headnote:(A) Constitutional Law - Article 226 - Writ of Certiorari - Challenge to recruitment process for the post of Assistant Director (Technical) on the grounds of non-qualification of selected candidates - Petitioner participated in the recruitment process but was unsuccessful due to lower marks than required - Academic matters are generally assessed by experts, and courts have limited role in reviewing such decisions. (Paras 2, 3, 7, 10)

(B) Administrative Law - The authority of the selection committee is affirmed; candidates who do not qualify cannot contest the appointments of successful candidates - Courts should respect expert opinion and established norms in academic selections. (Paras 8, 9)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner applied for the post of Assistant Director under SC Category, participated in the entire recruitment process but could not secure sufficient marks, securing only 55.312 against the required 64.562 for selection. (Para 3)

Findings of Court:
The High Court found no ground to challenge the selection process or the qualifications of selected candidates, reinforcing the limited jurisdiction of courts over academic appointments. (Paras 6, 10)

Issues: Whether the petitioner could challenge the recruitment process after participating and being unsuccessful; the role of the court in academic matters. (Paras 6, 10)

Ratio Decidendi: The court reiterated that it is not appropriate for it to intervene in academic matters unless there is evidence of mala fide or procedural unfairness; having participated in the selection process bars the petitioner from contesting the outcome. (Paras 10)

Result: Petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. petitioner's participation in recruitment process (Para 1 , 2)
2. respondents' qualifications and legal reliance (Para 3 , 4)
3. court's consideration of recruitment results (Para 5 , 6)
4. limited court role in academic matters (Para 7 , 8)
5. inadequate proof of mala-fide and role constraints (Para 9 , 10)
6. final judgment—petition dismissed (Para 11)

JUDGMENT

Harnaresh Singh Gill, J. (Oral)

Through this petition, the petitioner seeks issuance of a writ in the nature of Certiorari setting aside the final result dated 18.09.2020 (Annexure P-5), for the post of Assistant Director (Technical)/Principal, Industrial Training Institute Group A Junior.

2. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that against advertisement No.3(5) of 2017 dated 07.12.2017, the petitioner had applied for the aforesaid posts, under Scheduled Caste (SC) Category; that the petitioner appeared for the written examination on 11.08.2020; that the result was declared on 27.08.2020; that the candidates seven times the posts, in each category, including the petitioner, were called for the documentation and that the petitioner was called for the interview on 03.09.2020.

3. At this stage, learned counsel for respondent No.3 has pointed out that the petitioner along with respondents No.4 and 5 had appeared in the recruitment process, for the posts in question; that they were called for the documentation and thereafter for interview as well by the Department; that, it was found that only respondents No.4 and 5 possessed the requisite qualification and accordingly, they were declared successful under their respective catogeries; that the petitioner had secured 55.312 marks under SC Category and that the last selected candidate under the said Category had secured 64.562 marks. She further submits that once the petitioner had participated in the entire recruitment process, he cannot turn around to challenge the same and that too, after having been declared unsuccessful.

4. In support of her contentions, learned counsel for respondent No.3 relies upon the judgments passed by the Hon'ble Apex Court in Trivedi Himanshu Ghanshyambhai v. Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation and others , 2007 (8) SCC 644 and Dr. Basavaiah v. Dr. H.L. Ramesh and others , 2010 (8) SCC 372 .

5. I have heard the learned counsel for the parties.

6. As noticed above, the petitioner had taken part in the entire recruitment process and after due consideration, he was not able to make the grade.

7. In Dr. Basavaiah's case (supra), the Hon'ble Apex Court has held as under:-

    "45. We have dealt with the aforesaid judgments to reiterate and reaffirm the legal position that in the academic matters, the courts have a very limited role particularly when no mala fide has been alleged against the experts constituting the selection committee. It would normally be prudent, wholesome and safe for the courts to leave the decisions to the academicians and experts. As a matter of principle, the courts should never make an endeavour to sit in appeal over the decisions of the experts. The courts must realize and appreciate its constraints and limitations in academic matters.

    46. In the impugned judgment, the High Court has ignored the consistent legal position. They were expected to abide by the discipline of the precedents of the courts. Consequently, we are constrained to set aside the impugned judgment of the Division Bench of the High Court and restore the judgment of the Single Judge of the High Court.

    47. The University of Mysore, respondent herein, is directed to give regular pay-scale to the appellants from 1st August, 2010. To avoid any further litigation, we may make it clear that the appellants would not be entitled to claim any arrears or benefits for the past period.

    48. The appeals are allowed, but, in the facts and circumstances of the case, we direct the parties to bear their own costs."

8. In Trivedi Himanshu Ghanshyambhai's case (supra), the Hon'ble Apex Court has held as under:-

    '8. As n

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