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2014 Supreme(All) 1651

ALLAHABAD HIGH COURT
(Lucknow Bench)
BEFORE : SUDHIR AGARWAL, J.
SHAMBHOO AND OTHERS .....Petitioners
Versus
DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF CONSOLIDATION, FAIZABAD AND ANOTHER .....Respondents
(Consolidation No. 2645 of 1983, decided on 27th November, 2014)

Advocates:
Counsel :
A.S. Chaudhary for the Petitioners; C.S.C. for the Respondents.

Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908—Section 115—U.P. Consolidation of Holdings Act 1948—Sections 48 and 21(2)—U.P. Zamindari Abolition and Land Reforms Act, 1950—Section 209—Bhumidhar rights—Declaration of—Regarding certain plots and co-tenure-holder of some other plots—Objection filed showing pedigree—On ground of adverse possession—Compromise decree before Civil Court—Relinquishment of right—In respect of entire holding subject to condition that respondent No. 2 would be given Rs. 10/- per month as maintenance—Rejection of objection by CO—Appeal against, dismissal of—Revision against—DDC declared Bhumidhar and co-tenure-holder in grove land—Conditional relinquishment of right of respondent—Since compromise decree holding field—Rights of parties to be governed therewith—DDC recorded continuous possession of respondent stand proved—This part of order upheld—But, doctrine of adverse possession inapplicable—Plea of adverse possession is a substantive plea of fact and law—Needs specific pleadings and evidence—Ordinarily owner of property presumed to be in possession—Since mere long possession cannot satisfy requirement of adverse possession—Claimant to prove as to how and when adverse possession commenced—Whether fact of adverse possession was known to real owner—Mutually inconsistent pleas not be taken in plaint—DDC not appreciated legal position in respect of adverse possession—Non-speaking observations in respect of adverse possession—Finding in respect adverse possession unsustainable. [Paras 3, 23, 25, 26, 27, 56, 77, 83, 98 and 105]

       (B) Words and Phrases—“Possession”—Mode of—Is occupation or occupancy. [Para 31]

       (C) Possession—Right of possessor—Entitled to protection against whole world except true owner. [Para 36]

       (D) Words and Phrases—“Possession in fact”—Meaning of—It is a relationship between a person and a thing. [Para 44]

       (E) Words and Phrases—“Possession in law”—Meaning of—A man, in law would possess—Only those things which in ordinary language, he would be said to possess. [Para 46]

       (F) Possession—Compensation—Right of—Can be given a right for compensation for interference and a dispossession—And right to restore possession from encreaser. [Para 46]

       (G) Possession—Proving of—In order show its existences must show “Corpus possessionis” and and “animus possidendi”. [Para 50]

       (H) Words and Phrases—Construction possession—Scope of—It is a symbolic act. [Para 54]

       (I) Words and Phrases—“Permissible possession”—Scope of—It shall not mature title—Cannot be treated to be an adverse possession. [Para 55]

       (J) Possession—Evidentiary value of—It is a prima facie evidence of title—However, it should be pleaded specifically with all its necessary ingredients. [Para 56]

       (K) Adverse possession—Two kinds of—Adverse from beginning—Or that become subsequently. [Para 91]

       Result; Petition Partly Allowed.

       

JUDGMENT

Hon’ble Sudhir Agarwal, J.—This writ petition under Article 226 of the Constitution has arisen from consolidation proceedings and the petitioner has assailed order dated 3.2.1983 passed by Deputy Director of Consolidation, whereby it has allowed Revision No. 1115 under Section 48 of Consolidation of Holdings Act 1948 (hereinafter referred to as “Act 1948”) and declared respondent No. 2 as Bhumidhar of certain plots and co-tenure holder of some other plots.

2. The dispute relates to agricultural plot No. 30/2, 37/1, 43/1, 43/2 and 87 and grove plots No. 163 and 227/6 situated in village Dulhapur, Pargana and Tehsil Tanda., District Faizabad. It is said that agricultural plot No. 43/1 was recorded in the name of petitioners No. 1 and 2, Shambhoo and Asharam in the basic year and other agricultural plots No. 30/2, 37/1, 43/2 and 87 were recorded in the name of one Mst. Kamla Devi in the basic year. A mutation entry was also recorded in the basic year, expunging Kamla Devi and recording names of the petitioners No. 1 and 2. Grove plots No. 163 and 227/6 were recorded in the name of Kamla Devi, Vachaspati, Thakur Prasad, Raja Ram, and Shiv Kumar. Here also, mutation entry was recorded, expunging name of Kamla Devi and entering names of petitioner No. 6 Mohd. Muslim and Ram Dayal, father of petitioner No. 3, 4 and 5. During consolidation proceedings, opposite party No. 2, setting up a pedigree as under, filed objection claiming her rights in respect of the aforesaid agricultural and grove land.

Ganga

Bhawani Bhikh Mahavir

Jai Ram=Dhanpatti Sheo Ram

Basudeo=Mst. Jairaji Triloki Hanuman Ayodhya

x x

Radhika Nath Vachaspati

=Kamla Devi

3. Respondent No. 2 claimed that disputed land is ancestral and it was Sir and Khudkasht, which subsequently became Bhumdhari. Entry of the names of Vachaspati and Kamla Devi was fictitious and sale-deed executed by them was of no avail. She also claimed her right, in the alternative, on the ground of adverse possession over disputed plot in dispute. Petitioners claimed their right on the basis of purchases made by them through various sale-deeds from recorded tenure holders. Documents placed before Consolidation Officer included registered agreement dated 28.9.1930, executed by respondent No. 2, relinquishing her rights in all holdings in favour of Hanuman. She also filed original suit No. 39 of 1939 in the Court of Civil Judge, Faizabad, against Hanuman. vide compromise decree, the suit was decided on 21.12.1940 wherein respondent No. 2 relinquished her claim in entire holding subject to the condition that she would be given Rs. 10/- per month as maintenance. Another suit No. 268 of 1949 was filed by respondent No. 2 in the Court of Munsif, in which she claimed that the amount of maintenance was raised from Rs. 10/- to Rs. 25/- though she claimed it as Rs. 50/- per month. Respondent No. 2, however, did not appear in witness box. The Consolidation Officer vide order dated 11.11.1970 rejected objection filed by respondent No. 2, whereagainst she preferred appeals, which were also dismissed by Assistant Settlement Officer (Consolidation), Faizabad vide order dated 12.7.1979. Aggrieved thereto, respondent No. 2 preferred revision, which has been allowed by means of impugned order passed by Deputy Director of Consolidation (hereinafter referred to as “DDC”) and therein respondent No. 2 has been declared Bhumidhar of plot No. 30/2, 37/1, 43/1, 43/2 and 87. She has been declared co-tenure holder in grove land No. 163 and 227.

4. Sri A.S. Chaudhary learned counsel for petitioner contended that respondent No. 2 having relinquished her rights in the entire land, firstly, by registered agreement dated 28.9.1930 and thereafter, in the two suits, could not have claimed rights otherwise, in the same land, subsequently. The revisional authority in ignoring this aspect has committed jurisdictional error. He further contended that reliance placed by DDC on the written stateme






























































































































































































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