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2024 Supreme(All) 105

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
ATTAU RAHMAN MASOODI, OM PRAKASH SHUKLA, JJ.
Dr. Shakuntala Mishra National Rehabilitation University Thru. Its Registrar And Others – Appellant
Versus
Dr. Rajendra Kumar Srivastava And Another – Respondents
SPECIAL APPEAL No.332 of 2023, SPECIAL APPEAL No. - 330 of 2023, SPECIAL APPEAL No. - 333 of 2023, SPECIAL APPEAL No. - 334 of 2023, SPECIAL APPEAL No. - 335 of 2023, SPECIAL APPEAL No. - 336 of 2023
Decided on : 30-01-2024

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant : Atul Kumar Dwivedi
For the Respondent: Vijay Dixit, Gaurav Mehrotra, Lalta Prasad Misra,

Termination of educators requires adherence to procedural rules and natural justice; significant delays in actions against previously appointed individuals are not permissible without substantial misconduct.

Headnote:(A) Uttar Pradesh Government Servants (Discipline and Appeal) Rules, 1999 - Section 25 of the Dr. Shakuntala Mishra National Rehabilitation University Act, 2009 - Termination of services of certain teachers for alleged lack of qualifications, following an inquiry initiated against a former Vice-Chancellor, was quashed due to procedural irregularities and violation of natural justice. (Paras 6, 10, 16, 18, 60)

(B) Legal Principle - A teacher’s appointment cannot be annulled after a significant lapse of time unless proven to be fraudulent; violations of natural justice invalidate the termination process. (Paras 24, 28, 45)

Facts of the case:
Several teachers’ selections were canceled by the University alleging lack of qualifications based on an inquiry into the former Vice-Chancellor's conduct, leading to legal battles over their reappointment and service termination. (3-6)

Findings of Court:
The cancellation was deemed arbitrary and devoid of adherence to due process as the University failed to follow required disciplinary rules and principles of natural justice, which were critical in these procedural re-examinations. (60)

Issues: Whether the cancellation of teachers' appointments was justified based on alleged lack of qualifications; the applicability of due process under the University’s operational statutes. (4-5)

Ratio Decidendi: The mere continuance of employment for several years must be protected unless substantial misconduct can be shown; the procedural requirements mandated under rules governing disciplinary actions were not met. (60)

Result: Appeals dismissed; the impugned decision of the University upheld. (61)

Table of Content
1. filing of special appeals against common judgments. (Para 1 , 2)
2. facts of termination of teachers' services. (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
3. arguments regarding maintainability and qualifications. (Para 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15)
4. court observations on the violation of natural justice. (Para 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30)
5. application of statutory rules and natural justice principles. (Para 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36)
6. validity of committee recommendations and administrative actions. (Para 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42)
7. court's conclusions on individual eligibility and qualifications. (Para 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47)
8. final arguments and findings on qualification disputes. (Para 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54)
9. discussion on consequential reliefs and back wages. (Para 55 , 56 , 57 , 58)
10. final conclusion dismissing the appeals. (Para 60 , 61)

JUDGMENT :

Om Prakash Shukla, J.

TABLE

A. INTRODUCTION

B. FACTUAL MATRIX

C. ARGUMENTS

D. FINDINGS & ANALYSIS

E. CONCLUSION

A. INTRODUCTION

(1) The present bunch of Special Appeals have been filed under Chapter VIII Rule 5 of the ALLAHABAD HIGH COURT RULES , 1952. The following five Special Appeals have been filed against a common judgment/order dated 08.05.2023 passed by the learned Single Judge in Writ-A Nos. 4293 of 2022, 4316 of 2022, 4310 of 2022, 4307 of 2022 and 4312 of 2022:-

    (i) Special Appeal No. 332/2023 (Dr. Shakuntala Mishra National rehabilitation University & others V/s Dr. Rajendra Kumar Srivastava & Anr.) ;

    (ii) Special Appeal No. 333/2023 (Dr. Shakuntala Mishra National rehabilitation University & others Vs. Dr. Adya Shakti Rai & Others); Special Appeal No. 332 of 2023 and other connected appeals

    (iii) Special Appeal No. 334/2023 (Dr. Shakuntala Mishra National rehabilitation University & others V/s Avanish Chandra Mishra & Ors);

    (iv) Special Appeal No. 335/2023 (Dr. Shakuntala Mishra National rehabilitation University & others V/s Vipin Kumar Pandey & Ors); and

    (v) Special Appeal No. 336/2023 (Dr. Shakuntala Mishra National rehabilitation University & others V/s Mrutyunjaya Mishra & Ors).

However, Special Appeal No. 330 of 2023 (Dr. Shakuntala Mishra National rehabilitation University & others Vs. Alok Mishra & Anr.) although has been filed against judgment/order dated 24.05.2023 passed by the learned Single Judge in Writ-A No.7046 of 2022, but on close scrutiny of the impugned judgment/order 24.05.2023, subject matter of Special Appeal No. 330 of 2023 would reveal that the impugned judgment/order daed 24.05.2023 is wholly premised and based on the common judgment/order dated 08.03.2023 (supra). Thus, all these Special Appeals have been taken up for hearing together and are being disposed of by this common order as the issues involved are common except to the aspect pertaining to their respective educational qualifications.

(2) The precincts of these special appeals lie in the challenge laid by these individuals to the termination/cancellation of their services/selection vide order dated 06.07.2022 by the appellants/University on common grounds of lack of essential qualification at the time of their selection with regard to their educational qualifications and/or experience in the year 2014.

B. FACTUAL MATRIX

(3) The facts delineated from the records would reveal that all the individual respondents are teachers having been selected in the Dr. Shakuntala Mishra National Rehabilitation University pursuant to the advertisement dated 17.02.2014. Apparently, these individuals/respondents submitted relevant documents with regard to their qualifications and experiences and also appeared before a Screening Committee, and subsequently appeared in the interview before the Selection Committee which recommended their candidature for appointment. The recommendations, thereafter, were placed before the Executive Council of the University, pursuant to which they were appointed and after being

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