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2024 Supreme(All) 667

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
J.J. MUNIR, J.
Sujit Kumar Maurya – Appellant
Versus
Union Of India And Others – Respondent
Writ A No. 14181 of 2023
Decided on : 27-04-2024

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant :Man Bahadur Singh, Sr. Advocate
For the Respondent: A.S.G.I., Hari Narayan Singh, Santosh Kumar Mishra

Disciplinary proceedings must be stayed if they risk disclosing the defense of the employee in ongoing criminal trials with identical evidence based on similar charges.

Headnote:(A) Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 - Section 7 - Indian Penal Code - Section 120B - Disciplinary proceedings and criminal trial - Petitioner, an employee of Food Corporation of India, was arrested on allegations of demanding bribes for passing consignments of rice, with the charge being based on identical facts for both proceedings - Court emphasized the need to stay disciplinary action pending criminal trial due to the risk of prejudicing the employee's defence, particularly given that the evidence in both instances would overlap. (Paras 1, 24, 43, 44)

(B) Legal principles - Disciplinary proceedings may proceed simultaneously with criminal trials unless they may lead to disclosure of defence and compromise fair trial principles; a stay may be justified if proceeding presents complicated legal questions. (Paras 23, 28, 32, 43)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner was charged with corruption for demanding Rs.10,000 per truck from a complainant’s relative, leading to a CBI trap where he allegedly accepted bribes totaling Rs.1 lakh - Petitioner claims the charges are fabricated and denial of negligence in refusal of prior consignments of inferior quality rice. (Paras 1-6)

Findings of Court:
The court concluded that due to the overlapping nature of the evidence and the charges, the disciplinary inquiry should be stayed pending the conclusion of the criminal trial to maintain fairness. (Paras 43, 44)

Issues: Whether simultaneous disciplinary and criminal proceedings should continue, considering their common factual basis and potential risk of prejudice to the petitioner’s defence. (Paras 24, 44)

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that disciplinary proceedings should be stayed when they risk disclosing an employee's defence ahead of a criminal trial, particularly when identical evidence is involved, ensuring that fair trial principles are upheld. (Paras 22, 28, 43, 44)

Result: The petition was allowed in part, staying the disciplinary proceedings until the criminal trial's conclusion. (Para 44)

Table of Content
1. allegations of bribery initiated the judicial proceedings. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. request for judicial intervention regarding transfer order on health grounds. (Para 12 , 15)
3. the principle of simultaneous proceedings while considering employee's rights. (Para 20 , 28)
4. disciplinary actions must balance between the necessity of expeditious resolution and the protection of the defense. (Para 34 , 42)

JUDGMENT :

J.J. Munir, J.

1. This writ petition has been instituted by the petitioner, an Assistant Grade-II (Technical) employed with the Food Corporation of India, who is facing both a criminal trial and disciplinary proceedings on the same set of facts.

2. The substance of the prosecution, pending before the Special Judge, CBI Court, Lucknow and the departmental inquiry, is that the petitioner, while working as an Assistant Grade-II (Technical) at the Food Corporation of India, CWC Shahganj, demanded illegal gratification to the tune of Rs.10,000/-per truck from one Sher Bahadur Yadav, a nephew of the complainant, Dhaniram Yadav, partner with a certain M/s. Amita Industries, Katehri, Pratappur, Chamurkha, Ambedkar Nagar on 10.01.2023 for passing/ accepting a consignment of Custom Milled Rice (for short, 'CMR'), processed by the firm aforesaid. A written complaint of the demand was addressed to the Central Bureau of Investigation ('CBI' for short), Lucknow by Dhaniram Yadav on 11.01.2023, saying that the petitioner had made a demand of Rs.10,000/-per truck for clearance of CMR, processed by the complainant's firm. On the basis of the complaint, the CBI-Anti-Corruption Bureau ('ACB' for short), Lucknow laid a trap, where the petitioner is said to have been caught red-handed, while accepting illegal gratification to the tune of Rs.1 lakh. Out of the said sum, Rs.50,000/-were recovered from the drawer of the petitioner's office table, whereas the balance of Rs.50,000/-from a gray backpack, carried by Sandeep Kumar, a personal helper of the petitioner. The trap and arrest were done on 12.01.2023. The petitioner was placed under suspension vide order dated 13.01.2023. There is also a case about the petitioner attempting to misguide the CBI, when they went to search his residence by taking the agency to another man's house.

3. Shorn of unnecessary details, the petitioner was arrested by a team of the CBI-ACB, Lucknow on 12.01.2023 in a case of trap, leading to the registration of Crime No. RC0062023A0002 dated 11.01.2023. The First Information Report, that was registered on 11.01.2023, is based on a written complaint, also dated 11.01.2023, received by the Head of Branch, CBI-ACB, Lucknow from Dhaniram Yadav, partner M/s. Amita Industries, Katehri, Pratappur, Chamurkha, Ambedkar Nagar. The short complaint says that the complainant, Dhaniram Yadav is a partner in the firm aforesaid and his firm processes rice for the Government. The firm, after processing rice, delivers it according to the directions of the Government to the Food Corporation of India, Shahganj. The firm receives remuneration for processing rice by the Government.

4. According to the complainant, his nephew, Sher Bahadur Yadav takes care of the entire work of the firm relating to the Food Corporation of India, Shahganj. The complainant's nephew informed him over telephone that on 10.01.2023, Sujit Maurya, the petitioner, Technical Assistant, FCI, Shahganj, when contacted by Sher Bahadur in order to deliver processed rice to Maurya, demanded illegal gratification at the rate of Rs.10,000/-per truck. The complainant said that he does not wish to pay the bribe and requested necessary action. A verification of the complaint was conducted before registration of the FIR on 11.01.2023. The verification was done by one Piyush Verma, Inspector, CBI-ACB, Lucknow. The petitioner says that Verma never inquired into the subject matter of the complaint, that is to say, why the rice processed by the complainant's firm and delivered by his nephew was rejected. No effort was m

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