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2023 Supreme(All) 2157

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
JASPREET SINGH, J.
Ram Milan - Appellant
Versus
Kripa Shanker And Others - Respondents
SECOND APPEAL NO. 191 OF 1992.
Decided On : 10-08-2023

Advocates appeared:
For the Appellant : S.K.Mehrotra, I.D. Shukla, M.L.Yadav, S.A. Husain, S.P. Singh, Vibhanshu Srivastava
For the Respondent: S.K. Srivastava, A. Abbas, A.K. Tewari, A.K. Tiwari, Ayush Chaudhary, Rakesh Kumar Chaudhary

Headnote:(A) Registration Act, 1908 - Section 17(2)(vi) - Indian Evidence Act, 1872 - Section 65 - Family settlement regarding property - The appellate court found the unregistered family arrangement inadmissible. The trial court's ruling favoring family settlement was reversed due to lack of evidence substantiating the claims made regarding its admissibility. (Paras 12, 14, 37, 42).

(B) Estoppel by judgment - Consent decree referred to in the family settlement was considered by the court but determined not binding due to ambiguity and lack of clarity regarding executed rights. (Paras 39, 41).

Facts of the case:
The appellants challenged a decision reversing the trial court's decree based on an unregistered family settlement that limited Ram Prasad's share in the property as acknowledged by consent decree in an earlier suit. The plaintiffs claimed to have rightful ownership based on their purchases from Ram Prasad, contrary to the defendants' assertion of a diminished share resulting from the family arrangement. (Paras 5-10).

Findings of Court:
The appellate court upheld that the family settlement needed registration to be admissible, and as such, the findings of the trial court were deemed perverse due to reliance on an inadmissible document. Absent sufficient clarity on the nature of the consent decree, the court found it did not establish rights in favor of the defendants. (Paras 39, 42).

Issues: Core issues included the admissibility of the family settlement document and whether the consent decree established any rights.

Ratio Decidendi: The court concluded a family settlement must be executed formally to be admissible in evidence, and consent decrees must clarify rights explicitly or be deemed ineffective. (Paras 30, 41).

Result: Appeal dismissed.

Table of Content
1. overview of property dispute and family arrangement. (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)
2. arguments regarding admissibility of family settlement. (Para 15 , 16 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22)
3. discussion on the nature of family settlements. (Para 24 , 27 , 33 , 35 , 37)
4. judicial precedents concerning registration of family settlements. (Para 25 , 26 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 38 , 41)
5. conclusion: appeal dismissed. (Para 43)

JUDGMENT

Jaspreet Singh, J

Heard Sri Vibhanshu Srivastava, learned counsel for the appellant and Sri Rakesh Chaudhary, learned counsel for the respondents.

2. The instant second appeal was admitted on the substantial questions of law framed in the memo of appeal as (a) (b) and (d) and they read as under:-

    (a) Whether the finding recorded in appeal that the compromise dated 20.09.1970 regarding the family arrangement already arrived at reducing the share of Sri Ram Prasad in the property in dispute was not admissible in evidence for want of registration, is contrary to the well settled view of this Hon'ble Court and is illegal ?

    (b) Whether the findings recorded in appeal that the photostat copy of the family settlement dated 20.09.1970 was not admissible in evidence in the present suit is illegal in view of the fact established on the record that the other family arrangements had been admitted by Sri Ram Prasad in his written statement filed in the earlier suit no. 192 of 1971 having been accepted by him and the said suit was having been decided on the basis of the compromise in which the above family settlement had been admitted?

    (d) Whether the decree passed by the trial court was illegally reversed in appeal by the appellate court below without reversing the finding recorded by the trial court that the situation of the share of Ram Prasad falling in the middle of the above plot established that Ram Prasad had accepted lesser area in the above plot and that the above compromise had been effectively acted upon, without reversing the finding of the trial court?

3. Briefly, the facts giving rise to the instant appeal are being noticed hereinafter first:-

4. Sri Ram Lal and Kripa Shankar, the original plaintiffs, filed a suit in the Court of Munsif Hawali, Faizabad registered as R.S. No. 273 of 1981 seeking a decree of injunction restraining the defendant nos. 1 to 4 from interfering in the possession of the plaintiffs.

5. It was pleaded that the property in dispute relates to Plot No. 65 measuring 11 Biswa and 8 dhur situate in village Berwari Khand, Pargana Amisan, Tehsil and District Faizabad which was located on the western side of the road from Gosainganj Bazar to Sorva. It was also pleaded that initially the property, the subject matter of the suit was of Ram Prasad son of Sahai and Sarju Prasad, Jagannath, Ram Shankar, Jamuna Prasad and Badri Prasad.

6. It was stated that the property initially belonged to Ram Chandra Sahu who was survived by his two sons, Ram Samujh Sahu and Sri Sahai Sahu. Sri Sahai Sahu was survived by his only son Ram Prasad whereas Ram Samujh Sahu had five sons namely Sarju Prasad, Jamuna Prasad, Badri Prasad, Ganga Prasad and Jagannath. Thus, Sri Ram Prasad had half share in plot no. 65 whereas the other half was with the five brothers as noticed above.

7. At present, the plainiffs and the defendants nos. 5 to 8 are the purchasers of half share of Ram Prasad whereas the defendants no. 1 to 4 are the purchasers from Sarju Prasad. The dispute arose on account of the fact that the plaintiffs and the defendants no. 5 to 8 claiming to have purchased half share of Ram Prasad were in the process of raising constructions over their land whereas the same was resisted by the defendants nos. 1 to 4 who are the successors in interest having purchased the share of Sarju Prasad.

8. The defence of the defendant nos. 1 to 4 was that a family arrangement had been arrived at between Ram Prasad and the five sons of Ram Samujh. In tems whereof, Ram Prasad had relinquished

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