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2025 Supreme(All) 3564

HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT ALLAHABAD
SAURABH SHYAM SHAMSHERY, J.
Ankit Saran – Appellant
Versus
Union of India and Others – Respondents
Writ Appeal No. 24393 of 2016, Writ Appeal Nos. 17188, 19506, 43807 of 2017
Decided On : 14-11-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Jitendra Sarin
For the Respondents: Hem Pratap Singh, Ajeet Kumar Singh, Anant Kumar Tiwari

Candidates participating in a recruitment process do not have a legal right to appointment if the selection process is found to be flawed and thus invalid.

Headnote:(A) University Statutes - Chapter II - Recruitment Process - Petitioners challenged the discontinuation of a recruitment arrangement initiated by the University, arguing their qualifications and right to appointment; however, the court ruled that the Selection Committee's composition was faulty and the process defective, justifying the decision to initiate fresh selections. (Paras 2, 14-18)

(B) Writ Jurisdiction - Legal Rights - The court recognized that merely participating in selection does not confer an absolute right to appointment, reaffirming that candidates lack legal entitlement to appointment unless enacted by law or fair processes. (Paras 24, 28-29)

Facts of the case:
Petitioners applied for various posts initiated by the University but the recruitment process was halted, leading to claims for results to be declared despite irregularities in the Selection Committee's composition. (Paras 3-5)

Findings of Court:
The illegal composition of the Selection Committee invalidated the process, necessitating a fresh recruitment drive with no entitlement granted to incomplete selections. (Paras 17-18)

Issues: Whether the Executive Council improperly discontinued the recruitment and the candidates' rights following their participation in a defective selection process. (Paras 18-20)

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that the integrity of the selection process must be maintained, invalidating solitarily established appointments when illegalities negate procedural fairness; no unfettered right exists merely from participation in selection. (Paras 14, 18, 21)

Result: All writ petitions dismissed; the recruitment process was determined to be substantively flawed, leading to authorization for a fresh recruitment procedure.

Table of Content
1. overview of recruitment process initiation and actions taken (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
2. arguments regarding the legality of the selection process and authority issues (Para 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12)
3. court's analysis on the recruitment process errors and implications (Para 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21)
4. dismissal of petitions based on earlier findings (Para 22)
5. final rejection of petitions due to recruitment flaws (Para 23 , 24)

JUDGMENT :

SAURABH SHYAM SHAMSHERY, J.

1. Petitioners in present bunch of matters have applied on different posts in pursuance of a recruitment process initiated on basis of Adv. No. 2/2013-14 issued by respondent-University.

2. Petitioners have claimed that after going through process of shortlisting, objective and subjective written examination, they were qualified and called for interview and Selection Committee conducted interview of petitioners also.

3. It is further case of petitioners that recruitment process was stalled on the basis of a communication between the State and University and a decision was taken not to continue with recruitment process.

4. In aforesaid circumstances, petitioners have filed present bunch of writ petitions with a prayer that their results be declared.

5. An interim order was passed by this Court whereby it was directed that fresh procedure can continue but it will remain subject to outcome of present bunch of writ petition and in one writ petition, a post was also reserved.

6. During exchange of pleadings, inquiry report dated 30.12.2015 is placed on record and a decision thereof taken by Executive Council on 10.02.2016 is also placed on record wherein it was resolved that envelope containing recommendations of Selection Committee held between 17.02.2014 and 15.06.2014 for direct recruitment on vacant teaching, non-teaching and school teaching positions be not opened and the post be advertised afresh.

7. S/Sri Seemant Singh, Jitendra Sarin, Rajesh Kumar Singh and Man Mohan Singh, learned Advocates for petitioners in bunch of petitions have submitted that Executive Council was not empowered to recommend not to open an envelope containing recommendations of Selection Committee.

8. Learned Advocates have also referred paragraph 27(3) of Chapter II (The Schedule) of Statute of the University (BHU) that “In case they (Executive Council) were unable to accept any recommendation made by Selection Committee, it shall record its reasons and forward case to Visitor for orders”.

9. In support of their submissions, learned advocates for petitioners have placed reliance upon a judgment of this Court in Pramod Pathak vs. Vice Chancellor, BHU, Varanasi and others, 1985 SCC Online All 389.

10. Per contra, Sri Ajit Kumar Singh, learned Senior Advocate assisted by Sri H.P. Singh, learned counsel for B.H.U. and Sri Anant Kumar Tiwari, learned counsel for Union of India have opposed above submissions and have submitted that for appointment of Professor, Associate Professor, Assistant Professor and Teaching posts as well as Registrar, Controller of Examination and Librarian, details of Selection Committee are provided and for reference, table is quoted below :-

“27.(1) ……..

(b) Every Selection Committee shall consists of the Vice-Chancellor who shall be the Chairman thereof and a person nominated by the Visitor, and, in addition, the Selection Committee for making recommendations for appointment to a post specified in column (1) of the Table below shall have as its members the persons specified in the corresponding entry in column (2) of the said Table.

Table

(1)(2)
Professor

(1) The Dean of the Faculty concerned, provided he is a Professor, except in cases where they are applicants or when the post held by them is being filled up.

(2) The Head of the Deptt. Concerned, provided he is a Professor, except in cases where they are applicants or when the post held by them is being filled up.

(3) Not less than three persons not being in the service of the University or me

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