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2025 Supreme(MP) 584

IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH AT GWALIOR
ANAND PATHAK, HIRDESH, JJ.
Vandana Raghuwanshi – Appellant
Versus 
The State Of Madhya Pradesh And Others – Respondent
Writ Appeal No. 354 Of 2025
Decided On : 14-02-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Shri Krishna Kartikey Sharma, learned Counsel
For the Respondent:Shri Vivek Khedkar, learned Senior Counsel & Additional Advocate General

The principles of natural justice do not always mandate a hearing when termination is justified by unsatisfactory performance and complaints against an employee.

Headnote:(A) Madhya Pradesh Uchha Nyayalaya (Khand Nyayapeeth Ko Appeal) Adhiniyam, 2005 - Section 2(1) - Appointment of Anganwadi Worker - Termination without a hearing or inquiry violates principles of natural justice; however, in this case, sufficient opportunities were provided to the appellant, whose work was found unsatisfactory, justifying termination. Relevant prior case law was discussed for context. (Paras 2, 4, 6, 10, 12)

(B) Natural Justice - The principle of audi alteram partem is flexible; it does not apply in a straight-jacket formula and depends on circumstances. Courts may adjust the application of this principle based on the case's context. (Paras 5, 9)

(C) Employment Law - Temporary appointments can be terminated without notice if performance is unsatisfactory. The concept of procedural fairness varies based on the nature of the employment and the governing rules. (Paras 11, 12, 13)

Facts of the case:
The appellant was appointed as an Anganwadi Worker but faced termination due to complaints and unsatisfactory work, without a hearing. She claimed a violation of natural justice, citing past judgments but the Court found termination justified based on evidence of negligence.

Findings of Court:
The learned Single Judge's conclusions are based on sound legal principles and evidence.

Issues: The main issues revolved around the violation of natural justice and justification for the termination of the appellant’s employment.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court ruled that sufficient evidence justified dismissal, highlighting flexibility in applying natural justice principles based on context.

Result: Appeal dismissed.

Table of Content
1. jurisdiction of intra-court appeal. (Para 1)
2. violation of natural justice in termination. (Para 2)
3. state's defense against allegations. (Para 3)
4. court's overview of case relevant documents. (Para 4)
5. discussion on principles of natural justice. (Para 5 , 6)
6. flexibility of natural justice application. (Para 7 , 8 , 9)
7. temporary appointment conditions. (Para 10 , 12)
8. contractual employee termination rules. (Para 11)
9. affirmation of lower court's findings. (Para 13)
10. dismissal of appeal. (Para 14 , 15)

Order :

Hirdesh, J.

1. The instant intra-Court appeal is filed under Section 2(1) of Madhya Pradesh Uchha Nyayalaya (Khand Nyayapeeth Ko Appeal) Adhiniyam, 2005 against the order dated 20-01-2025 passed by learned writ Court in Writ Petition No. 7751 of 2015, whereby the writ petition filed by appellant-petitioner therein has been dismissed.

2. It is contended on behalf of appellant that in pursuance of appointment order dated 20-10-2009, appellant was initially appointed on the post of Anganwadi Worker in Village Amrod Baddu and vide order dated 29-10-2015, the services of appellant were terminated on the basis of various complaints on CM helpline without affording any opportunity of hearing or without conducting any enquiry. Relying on the judgment of Coordinate Bench of this Court in the case of Seema vs. State of MP and Others reported in 2022 SCC Online MP 5887 and State of MP and Others vs. Smt. Nirmala Rawat , decided on 8th of April, 2022 in Writ Appeal No. 742 of 2020, it is further contended that as per Rule/Policy framed by MP Government, Department of Women and Child Development, dated 10th of July, 2007, if Anganwadi Worker is found negligent in discharging her duties and responsibilities, then the Project Officer of Women and Child Development may give an opportunity of hearing to Anganwadi Worker and if she is found guilty in the enquiry/investigation, she may be removed/terminated from the post. Thus, there is clear violation of principle of natural justice as well as fundamental and statutory rights of appellant. The learned Single Judge did not consider the said aspect, ignoring the Policy/Rule and dismissed the writ petition of appellant in the light of the judgment passed by learned Single Bench of this Court in the case of Manoj Rajput Vs. State of Madhya Pradesh decided on 28th of July, 2022 in Writ Petition No. 847 of 2022 . Hence, prayed for setting aside the impugned order.

3. On the other hand, learned Counsel for State opposed the contentions of appellant. It is submitted that on the basis of various complaints made by complainants/villagers on CM Helpline, at the time of inspection, Anganwadi Centre run by appellant was found closed. Various irregularities were found in discharge of duties by appellant. Despite giving various warnings to appellant and giving adequate opportunities, she did not improve her work. So far as contention of appellant that Anganwadi Centre has been shifted to another place because of condition of Anganwadi Centre was not good is concerned, neither any record was maintained by her properly nor any information was furnished in this regard to any authority or Project Officer. Appointment of appellant has been made on temporary basis and a detailed enquiry was not required. As per Para-7 of appointment order dated 20-10-2009, the appointment of Anganwadi Worker can be terminated without giving any notice if her work and behaviour is not found satisfactory or if given instructions are violated or any irregularity is found. Even otherwise, appellant has not availed any remedy of appeal before the Collector under the administrative instructions and guidelines issued from time to time. A show-cause notice was issued on 26-09-2014 (Annexure R-1 therein) with a direction to the appellant to present in the Office within three days in enquiry proceedings and submit her reply as to why action for removal her from service be not taken and a last warning was al

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