SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
Pamidighantam Sri Narasimha, J.
Mahavir Arya – Appellant
Versus
State Govt. Nct of Delhi & Anr. – Respondents
SLP (Criminal) Diary No(s). 8160 of 2021
Decided On : 07-01-2022
Condonation of Delay - Surrender Exemption - Order XXII Rule 5, Section 420 IPC - [Order XXII Rule 5, Section 420 IPC] - The court emphasized the need for strict adherence to the Supreme Court Rules and highlighted that the exemption from surrendering applies only to cases where the petitioner is 'sentenced to a term of imprisonment' and not to Special Leave Petitions against cancellation of bail. The court also directed the Registrar (Judicial) to issue formal instructions to the concerned filing, scrutiny, and numbering sections with respect to matters in which Order XX, Rule 3 and Order XXII, Rule 5 will apply, and not to insist on such applications in other cases. The judgment referenced judicial orders and emphasized that the Constitutional remedy under Article 136 is available to the petitioner without surrendering as this is not a case where the accused is 'sentenced'.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner was arrested for an offence under Section 420 read with 34 IPC. He was granted bail by the High Court subject to payment of an amount. Upon his failure to pay the amount, the High Court recalled its order granting bail and ordered the petitioner to surrender. An application to recall that order came to be dismissed by the impugned order.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the application for exemption from surrendering was unnecessary as it was not a case requiring surrender, and the delay in filing the application for paying the balance amount was condoned. The court allowed the application for restoration of the previous application and directed the case to be listed before the Regular Bench for admission.
Issues: The issues involved the incorrect filing of the application for exemption from surrendering, the condonation of delay in filing the application for paying the balance amount, and the restoration of the previous application.
Ratio Decidendi: The court's decision was based on the strict interpretation of the Supreme Court Rules, the unnecessary filing of the application for exemption from surrendering, and the availability of the Constitutional remedy under Article 136 without surrendering.
Final Decision: The delay in filing the application for paying the balance amount was condoned, and the application for restoration of the previous application was allowed. The case was directed to be listed before the Regular Bench for admission.
ORDER
1. When these applications for condonation of delay in making deposit and restoration of the application for exemption from surrendering were listed before me, I enquired from the advocate for the petitioner the need for seeking an exemption from surrendering when the order impugned is only a case of cancellation of bail. He says that the Registry normally insists on filing such an application and he has no option. When I informed the counsel that the Rule applies only for Criminal Appeals or Special Leave Petitions where the petitioner is 'sentenced to a term of imprisonment' and not to SLP's against cancellation of bail, some lawyers spoke from the Bar and said that they find it prudent to file such applications instead of arguing with the Registry without any success. This is completely unacceptable.
2. The officers of the Registry must know the Supreme Court Rules like the back of ones hand. Order XXII Rule 5, applies only to cases where the petitioner is 'sentenced to a term of imprisonment' and it cannot be confused with simple orders of cancellation of bail. What is disturbing is that a large number of such applications for exemptions are routinely filed when there is no need to adopt such a procedure at all. This has serious consequence of increasing the burden of lawyers, judges and even the Registry. This is apart from loss of respect for law.
3. I find it necessary to note this position after Sri Raghenth Basant, member of the Bar, has brought to my notice successive orders passed by the Supreme Court holding that applications for surrender were wrongly filed and that there was no need to insist on filing of such applications. The officers could have at least take note of the following judicial orders, Kapur Singh Vs. State of Haryana 2021 SCC Online 586, Dilip Majumder v. Nikunja Das &Anr. SLP (Crl) Dy. No.6517/2020, Vivek Rai v. High Court of Jharkhand (2015) 12 SCC 86, K.M. Nanavati v. State of Bombay AIR 1961 SC 112 (para 15) and Mayuram Subramanian Srinivasan v. CBI (2006) 5 SCC 752 (paras 16 to 18), to name a few.
4. Registrar (Judicial) is directed to issue formal instructions to the concerned filing, scrutiny and numbering Sections with respect to matters in which Order XX, Rule 3 and Order XXII, Rule 5 will apply. The officer must also instruct them not to insist on such applications in other cases.
5. Coming back to the facts of the present case, we note that the petitioner was arrested for an offence under Section 420 read with 34 IPC. He was granted bail by the High Court subject to payment of an amount. Upon his failure to pay the amount the High Court recalled its order granting bail and ordered the petitioner to surrender. An application to recall that order came to be dismissed by the impugned order.
6. A Special Leave Petition was filed against the above referred order. Along with it an application for exemption from surrendering is also filed. The advocate should have known that such an application was totally unnecessary. Chamber Judge granted exemption. However, as notice was issued on the application, without a direction to list the case before the regular Court for admission, the matter kept coming before the Chamber Court. On 10.08.2021 the Chamber Judge directed that the petitioner must pay balance money within four weeks, if not, the application for surrendering will be dismissed without reference to the Court. As the amount was not deposited it was assumed that the application stands dismissed without reference to the Court. It is for this reason that the Advocate filed the present application for restoration.
7. All this happened when there is no mandate in law to seek an exemption from surrendering at all. The Constitutional remedy under Article 136 is available to the petitioner without surrendering as this is not a case where the accused is 'sentenced'.
8. As this is not a case requiring surrender, there was never a need to file the application for exemption from surrendering. However, as
K.M. Nanavati v. State of Bombay AIR 1961 SC 112
Strict adherence to the Supreme Court Rules, the availability of Constitutional remedy under Article 136 without surrendering, and the unnecessary filing of the application for exemption from surrend....
Exemption from surrendering in special leave petitions is only applicable when the petitioner has been sentenced to imprisonment, as per Order XXII Rule 5 of the Supreme Court Rules, 2013.
The court reinforced the importance of procedural fairness in the context of appeals and the execution of warrants under the Cr.P.C.
Exceptional circumstances and precedent set by the Apex Court can influence the court's decision in allowing exemption and suspension of jail sentence based on health reasons.
Rule 48 of the M.P. High Court Rules mandates that a convicted person must surrender or be in custody to maintain a criminal revision petition, barring exceptions for suspended sentences.
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