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2023 Supreme(Del) 5393

IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
Chandra Dhari Singh, J.
Saket Grover - Appellant
Versus
Hemant Grover & Anr. - Respondents
C.R.P. 29 of 2023 & CM APPL. 5086 of 2023
Decided On : 06-10-2023

Advocates appeared:
Mr.Pradeep Dhingra, Mr.Nishant Kumar and Mr. Nikhil Joshi, Advocates (Through VC), for the Petitioner.
Mr.___, Advocate (Appearance not given), for the Respondents.

The High Court reinforced that amendments are essential for justice, allowing the expansion of claims without changing the suit's fundamental nature, particularly in property disputes based on unproduced evidence.

Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Section 115 - Article 226 of the Constitution of India - Revision petition challenging dismissal of amendment application under Order 6 Rule 17, read with Order I Rule 10 - Trial Court rejected amendment claiming it was based on defendant's pleadings - High Court allows amendment, reinforcing that amendments should foster justice and may alter claims without changing substance - Necessity for production of a Will was critical for justice. (Paras 1, 10, 120)

(B) Amendments - Right to amend plaint found to be essential to present clear dispute regarding property rights and respond to defendants' claims - Failure to allow amendment deemed to cause possible injustice, thereby necessitating intervention - High Court determines that the original and amended claims do not materially change the nature of the suit but amplify its scope. (Paras 107, 110)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner filed for partition and ownership claims regarding a property purchased by his deceased father - Respondents claimed ownership based on a Will that was not produced - Petitioner sought amendment to include cancellation of the conveyance deed claiming fraud and deception unsupported by evidence.

Findings of Court:
High Court finds the demonstrated need for the amendment vital for determining legitimate rights and claims over the suit property, emphasizing judicial discretion in allowing amendments.

Issues: The main issues included the maintainability of the revision petition and whether the court could permit amendment of plaint to reflect responding claims based on registration records, due diligence, and subsequent events.

Ratio Decidendi: Court determines that failing to allow necessary amendments undermines justice, stating that it is mandatory for valid examination of claims and defenses at trial based on new information obtained during proceedings.

Result: Revision petition allowed; impugned order is set aside; amendment granted.

Table of Content
1. petition details and parties involved. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. claims regarding the property ownership and suit. (Para 5 , 6 , 7)
3. contentions on procedural lapses and evidence. (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 14 , 20)
4. petitioner's arguments highlight the necessity and appropriateness of the amendment. (Para 31)
5. analysis of revisional jurisdiction under section 115. (Para 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 52)
6. finding principles relevant to amendments and keeping justice. (Para 59 , 64 , 75)
7. court's revisional jurisdiction assessed based on procedural correctness and focus on substantive justice. (Para 70)
8. final decision to allow the amendment strengthens the pursuit of justice. (Para 114)
9. conclusion regarding the maintainability of the petition. (Para 116 , 119 , 120)

JUDGMENT

Chandra Dhari Singh, J.

1. The instant petition under Section 115 of the Code of Civil Procedure,1908 (hereinafter "CPC") read with Article 226 of the Constitution of India, has been filed on behalf of the petitioner seeking the following reliefs:

    "(i) accept the civil revision petition of the petitioner;

    (ii) set-aside and quash the order dated 17.10.2022 passed by the Ld. Trial Court on the application under order 6 Rule 17 of CPC read with Order I Rule 10 CPC filed by the petitioner in Civil Suit No.1 056/2018 titled as Saket Grover Versus Hemant Grover & Anr. presently pending disposal before the Hon'ble Court of Sh. Vishal Singh, ADJ, West, Tis Hazari, Delhi;

    (iii) Allow the application under Order 6 Rule 17 read with Order I Rule 10 in favour of petitioner.

    (iv) Call for the records of the Civil Suit No. 1056/2018 titled as Saket Grover Versus Hemant Grover & Anr. presently pending disposal before the Hon'ble Court of Sh. Vishal Singh, ADJ, West, Tis Hazari, Delhi and fixed for hearing on 07.02.2023;

    (v) cost of the present revision be granted in favour of the petitioner and against the respondents and; Pass any further order (s) that this Hon'ble Court may deem fit and proper in the interest of justice."

FACTUAL MATRIX

2. The details of the parties to the instant dispute are as follows:

    a. Sh. Saket Grover, i.e., the petitioner herein, is stated to be the son born out of the wedlock between Late Sh. Surinder Dev Grover and his first wife.

    b. Sh. Hemant Grover, i.e., the respondent no. 1 herein, is stated to be the son born out of the wedlock between Late Sh. Surinder Dev Grover and Smt. Surinder Grover, i.e., the respondent no. 2 herein.

    c. The respondent no. 2 is stated to be the second wife of Late Sh. Surinder Dev Grover and step mother of the petitioner herein.

3. It has been stated in the plaint that the father of the petitioner namely, Late Sh. Surinder Dev Grover who died intestate on 19th May 1995, had purchased the property bearing No. A-2/199, Paschim Vihar, Delhi-110063, admeasuring about 200 sq. yards (hereinafter Suit Property"), vide Lease Deed dated 27th January 1977, and thereafter, he constructed a structure thereto.

4. It has been further stated that the petitioner was denied his rights in the Suit Property by the respondents. Consequently, the petitioner had instituted a Civil Suit for partition, possession and permanent injunction against the respondents in respect of the Suit Property. The said suit was registered vide Civil Suit bearing No. 1056/2018, titled as `Saket Grover v. Hemant Grover & Anr.' and is pending for adjudication before the learned ADJ-03, West, Tis Hazari, Delhi.

5. In the above said Suit, the respondents, upon issuance of summons, filed their written statement, whereby, they denied the rights of the petitioner to the Suit Property on the ground that the respondent no. 2, who is the second wife of Late Sh. Surinder Dev Grover, has been bequeathed with the Suit Property by virtue of a registered Will dated 25th May 1985, in her favour. It was further stated in the written statement, that the respondent no. 2 is now the owner of the said property by way of a Conveyance Deed dated 17th August 2017, duly registered.

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