IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
M. SUNDAR, K. GOVINDARAJAN THILAKAVADI, JJ.
V. Gandipan - Appellant
Versus
State of Tamil - Respondent
W.P. No. 13342 of 2025, W.M.P. No. 14933 of 2025
Decided On : 16-04-2025
(A) The Tamil Nadu Protection of Tanks and Eviction of Encroachment Act, 2007 - The Tamil Nadu Land Encroachment Act, 1905 - Writ petition concerning encroachment on temple property - Court directed the appointment of a Fit Person for the temple and a survey to be conducted regarding encroachment, with actions to follow based on findings. (Paras 10.1, 10.2, 10.3)
(B) Judicial notice - The court noted the lack of documentation proving the writ petitioner's status as trustee and the nature of the temple, emphasizing the need for proper legal procedures. (Paras 8, 10.5)
Facts of the case:
The writ petitioner claims to be the trustee of a temple situated on government land, alleging encroachment by private respondents. The court acknowledged the need for a survey and appropriate action regarding the encroachment.
Findings of Court:
The court ordered the appointment of a Fit Person and a survey to be conducted regarding the encroachment, with actions to be taken based on the survey report.
Issues: The main issues included the legitimacy of the writ petitioner's claim as trustee and the need for action against encroachment.
Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the appointment of a Fit Person and a survey are necessary to address the encroachment issue, preserving the rights of all parties involved.
Result: Writ petition disposed of as directed.
ORDER :
1. Subject matter of captioned main 'Writ Petition' (hereinafter 'WP' for the sake of brevity) is 'Survey No.204/7, 169, Peerkankaranai Village, Tambaram Taluk, Kanchipuram District' (hereinafter 'said property' for the sake of convenience and clarity). To be noted, said property has been classified as 'Temple Tank' situate in Government poramboke is the say of Mr. K. Elangaoo of M/s.Krishna Law Associates (Law Firm) for writ petitioner.
2. There is encroachment in said property and there is inaction on the part of official respondent inspite of repeated requests and representations is further say of learned counsel for writ petitioner. To be noted, it is alleged that R3 and R4 are encroachers and R5 is actively assisting the alleged encroachment is further say of learned counsel.
3. For the present, issue notice to official respondents.
4. Mr. M.S. Arasakumar, learned Government Advocate accepts notice for R1 and Mr. T.K. Saravanan, learned Additional Government Pleader accepts notice for R2.
5. Writ petitioner claims that he is the trustee of 'Karuneeswarar Karunyambaal Temple' (hereinafter 'said temple' for the sake of convenience and clarity). Therefore, we deem it appropriate to suo motu implead the Commissioner, Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department, No.124, Uthamar Gandhi Salai (previously Nungambakkam High Road), Nungambakkam, Chennai-600 034 as R6 and the Joint Commissioner, Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department, Kanchipuram as R7. Mr. S. Ravichandran, learned Additional Government Pleader (H.R. & C.E.) accepts notice for R6 and R7.
6. Considering the limited legal perimeter of the captioned main WP, main WP was taken up in the Admission Board with the consent of learned counsel on both sides.
7. Mr. T.K. Saravanan, learned State counsel submitted on instructions that inspection qua said temple has already been done by the jurisdictional Tahsildar and some encroachment has been noticed. At this juncture, we do not express any opinion one way or the other on the alleged encroachment.
8. As regards said temple, though the writ petitioner claims to be the trustee, there is no document to demonstrate that writ petitioner has been appointed as trustee. There is also no document to demonstrate that said temple is a private temple. Therefore, we take judicial notice of this aspect of the matter and by exercising our inherent powers we would be giving some directions to R6 and R7 in this regard infra.
9. Before we write the operative portion of the order, we deem it appropriate to suo motu implead jurisdictional Revenue Divisional Officer viz., The Revenue Divisional Officer, Revenue Divisional Office, Tambaram and jurisdictional Tahsidlar viz., The Tahsildar, Taluk Office, Tambaram as R8 and R9 respectively. Mr. M.S. Arasakumar, learned Government Advocate accepts notice for R8 and R9 also.
10. In the light of the narrative and discussion thus far, the following order is made:
10.1 R6 and R7 shall do the needful for appointment of a Fit Person qua said temple forthwith [to be noted, it is submitted by learned counsel for writ petitioner that there is a hundial in the said temple but the fact existence of flagstaff (Jt$!;jk;gk;) is not clear];
10.2 As regards said property, R9 shall conduct a survey under the supervision of R8 after putting the writ petitioner and private respondents / R3 to R5 on notice and such survey shall be conducted as expeditiously as the business of R8 and R9 would permit but in any event within a fortnight from today i.e., on or before 30.04.2025;
10.3 Post survey, a survey report shall be drawn up. In the survey report, if any encroachment is found, appropriate action under applicable law be it ' The Tamil Nadu Protection of Tanks and Eviction of Encroachment Act, 2007 ' (hereinafter 'Tanks Act' for the sake of convenience and clarity) or ' The Tamil Nadu Land Encroachment Act, 1905 (Tamil Nadu Act III of 1905)' {hereinafter 'said 1905 Act' for the sake of brevity} or any ot
The court mandated the appointment of a Fit Person and a survey to address encroachment on temple property, emphasizing adherence to legal procedures.
Judicial authority mandates enforcement of temple property protections against encroachment, obligating officials to act promptly upon complaints.
The judgment reinforces the necessity for adherence to natural justice in encroachment proceedings, mandating a survey to determine encroachments while preserving the rights of affected parties.
Temple authorities to conclude eviction proceedings under Section 78(2) lawfully after hearing explanations.
All temples are public unless declared private by competent jurisdiction, necessitating representation in encroachment proceedings.
The court emphasizes the importance of surveying land to determine its public or private status in encroachment disputes, guiding appropriate legal remedies thereafter.
The central legal point established in the judgment is the petitioner's right to file a revision under Section 21 of the Act and the court's directive for the petitioner to inform the authorities abo....
Encroachment proceedings initiated under Section 78 of the Tamil Nadu HR & CE Act must be conducted fairly and independently, preserving the interests of all parties until conclusion.
Authorities are obligated to conduct surveys and address encroachments while ensuring due process and opportunities for involved parties.
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