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2024 Supreme(Mad) 2423

BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT 
D.BHARATHA CHAKRAVARTHY, J.
A. Guruvammal - Petitioner 
Versus
The Commissioner of Police Madurai City. – Respondent 
CRL OP(MD). No.1896 of 2010 
Decided on : 27-09-2024

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Mr. Henri Tiphagne for M/s. D.Geetha
For the Respondents: Mr.Veera Kathiravan,

The court mandates an independent investigation in police encounter cases, emphasizing the need for thorough judicial oversight to uphold accountability and protect citizens' rights.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 176(1-A) - Encounter death - Petitioner sought registration of FIR against police officers for allegedly killing her son in a fake encounter - Court held that the investigation was flawed, as it failed to adhere to guidelines mandating an independent investigation by a higher-ranking officer, and instead upheld a self-defense claim without judicial scrutiny - Enquiry must be conducted by a Judicial Magistrate to ensure accountability. (Para 6.12)

(B) Judicial Oversight - The principle that deaths or serious injuries resulting from police action must be investigated thoroughly to uphold the rule of law was reaffirmed. (Para 6.8)

(C) Rights of the Accused - Emphasized the importance of protecting personal liberty and human rights as per Article 21 of the Constitution and related legal norms. (Para 6.8)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner alleged that her son was killed in a fake encounter by police following wrongful detainment and torture. The police claimed the shooting was in self-defense during a confrontation. Multiple conflicting narratives were presented regarding the events leading to the encounter.

Findings of Court:
The court found that the investigation was conducted inadequately without proper judicial oversight; the FIR filed did not account for both versions of the incident adequately.

Issues: Whether an independent FIR should have been registered based on the petitioner’s complaint, and if an impartial investigation was conducted per legal standards.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ordered a fresh investigation led by a senior officer to ensure compliance with legal mandates for fair examination of encounter deaths, particularly the duty to register rival narratives and have a judicial inquiry under Section 176(1-A) Cr.P.C.

Result: The petitioner’s Criminal Original Petition is allowed, directing a new inquiry and investigation.

ORDER :

D. BHARATHA CHAKRAVARTHY, J.

A. The Petition:

This Criminal Original Petition is filed for a direction to the second respondent, namely, Inspector of Police, Theppakulam Police Station, Madurai, to register the First Information Report against the police personnel involved in the alleged encounter on 16.02.2010 based on the complaint given by the petitioner to the second respondent on the same day in C.S.R.No.102 of 2010 and direct the respondents to entrust the investigation to an independent investigation agency, like CBI and for other orders.

B. The Case of the Petitioner:

2. The case of the petitioner is that in the wee hours, on 14.02.2010, six policemen, in plain clothes, entered her house enquiring about the whereabouts of her son – Murugan @ Kallumandaiyan, aged 26 years. They took her, one Mani, her daughter Dhanalakshmi, her son- in-law Arulanandam @ Selvam, and her grandson Kalaivendan, in a police vehicle to the office of the Assistant Commissioner of Police, Crime Branch and they were assaulted and tortured. Later they took all of them to Thimmapuram Village, near Kariapatti and kept them in a van in a place called “Pirakaraikadu” and abused and beat them till 10.00 O' clock in the morning. Upon information, her son Murugan @ Kallumandaiyan surrendered himself before the police party and they took him in their custody. After that, all the others, including the petitioner was dropped at the South Gate Police Station, after getting their signatures in some papers.

2.1 On 16.02.2010, around 12.30 noon, the special police party under the leadership of the Assistant Commissioner, viz., Mr.Velladurai shot and killed her son Kallumandaiyan and another person namely Kaviarasu, near check post in new Ramanathapuram road within the limits of Theppakulam Police Station and the Theppakulam Police filed a First Information Report in Crime No.244 of 2010 for the offences under Sections 332 , 324, 307 I.P.C r/w. Section 174 Cr. P.C, concerning the death of the above two persons. Upon hearing that the police killed her son in a fake encounter, the petitioner preferred a complaint before the second respondent to file a case under Section 302 I.P.C against the police party, involved in the said crime. However, the complaint was refused to be received. On 17.02.2010 even when post post-mortem was conducted, the petitioner insisted on registration of F.I.R. However, only C.S.R No.102/2010 alone was issued to the petitioner. According to the petitioner, one Mr Velladurai - Assistant Superintendent of Police, Madurai City, Mr Thennarasu, Sub Inspector of Police, and Mr Ganesan, Head Constable, are involved in the fake encounter. She sent several representations, including the representation to the State Human Rights Commission. Since no independent First Information Report was registered and the procedure as laid down by the National Human Resource Commission and the various guidelines as mandated by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in various decisions are not followed, the present petition is filed.

C. The Version of the Officer Concerned:

3. The first information report is registered on complaint by the Police Officer concerned. This apart, an additional typed set of papers is also filed, wherein, the counter affidavit filed by the said S.Velladurai, in a connected Crl. O.P.(MD)No.2078 of 2010 is also produced. As per the first information report as well as the above counter affidavit, it is the case of the said Mr. Velladurai that on the fateful day, ie.16.02.2010 at about 12.15 hours, he was in the vehicle checkup, in the usual course and at that time, two persons came from East to Madurai in a Hero Honda bike, the Sub Inspector of Police - Mr Thennarasu along with 617- Head Constable – Mr Ganesan intercepted the Hero Honda bike, which came towards Madurai. The rider of the above bike lost his control and slipped down on the spot of the check post. The Sub Inspector of Police – Mr Thennarasu came to know that the slipped persons were the

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