IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
KSHITIJ SHAILENDRA, J.
Smt. Parul Agarwal - Petitioner
Versus
L.I.C. And Others – Respondents
Writ C. No. 3149 of 2016
Decided On : 03-04-2023
Insurance policies - Claim -Rejected - Review application - Writ petition are that, i.e. husband of petitioner, was holder of three insurance policies bearing nos. issued by Corporation and he died , whereafter, petitioner, as his widow, preferred a claim against aforesaid three policies - It is pleaded that claim of petitioner in respect of policy Nos. was rejected by Corporation vide impugned order dated on ground that husband of petitioner did not disclose previous policy No. In proposal form - After rejection of her claim concerning aforesaid two insurance policies, petitioner filed a review application before Zonal Manager of respondent-Corporation and filed an application before respondent no.4 i.e Insurance Ombudsman on, application/ complaint of petitioner was rejected by impunged order dated - Whether to accept or decline, to undertake risk, and in event of acceptance of the risk, to determine rates, terms and conditions of a cover to be granted - As per decision of the Hon’ble Apex Court in case of Manmohan Nanda (Supra), it was the duty of the agent of the Corporation to make specific queries from the insured while filling up form and, if no such query was made and something was left blank in the form, whatever omission took place while filling up the proposal form, the same would not constitute a ground for repudiation of claim of the petitioner. [Para 12]
Finding of Court : It has been understood and explained by courts in general terms to mean as any fact which would influence judgment of a prudent insurer in fixing premium or determining whether he would like to accept risk - Any fact which goes to root of Contract of Insurance and has a bearing on the risk involved would be "material" - As stated in Pollock and Mulla's Indian Contract and Specific Reliefs Acts, any fact knowledge or ignorance of which would materially influence an insurer in making contract or in estimating the degree and character of risks in fixing rate of premium is a material fact - In present case, declaration made by insured at bottom of proposal form and signed by him contains clear stipulation to effect that he has not withheld any information and that statements made by him in said declaration shall be basis of ‘contract of insurance’ between him and Corporation and, if any, untrue averment be contained therein, contract shall be absolutely null and void and the money which shall have been paid in respect thereof, shall stand forfeited - In aforesaid facts and circumstances, contention of petitioner to effect that since forms are filled up by agents/officers of Corporation, anything omitted would not consitute a ground for repudiation/rejection of claim, cannot be accepted - Contrarily, stand taken by the Corporation justifying orders impugned has substance in light of entire material available on record.
Result : Writ petition is dismissed.
JUDGMENT :
(Kshitij Shailendra, J.)
1. Heard Shri Rajendra Pratap Singh, learned counsel for the petitioner and Shri Udai Shankar Mishra, learned counsel for the respondent-Life Insurance Corporation.
2. The instant writ petition has been filed by one Smt. Parul Agarwal, wife of late Vishal Agarwal challenging the impugned order dated 10.09.2015 (annexed as ‘Annexure No.6’ to the writ petition) whereby the Insurance Ombudsman, (Western U.P. and Uttarakhand), has dismissed the complaint filed by the petitioner against rejection of her claim by the Senior Divisional Managar of the Life Insurance Corporation (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Corporation’) concerning the insurance policy Nos.256487214 and 256487400 vide order dated 14.03.2014 which has also been challenged. Futher prayer is to issue a direction to the respondent no.1 to pay to the petitioner the amount payable under policy Nos.256487214 and 256487400.
Facts of the Case
3. The facts culled out from the pleadings contained in the writ petition are that Vishal Agarwal, i.e. husband of the petitioner, was holder of three insurance policies bearing nos.224492798, 256487214 and 256487400 issued by the Corporation and he died on 11.11.2013, whereafter, the petitioner, as his widow, preferred a claim against the aforesaid three policies. It is pleaded that the claim of the petitioner in respect of policy Nos.256487214 and 256487400 was rejected by the Corporation vide impugned order dated 14.03.2014 on the ground that the husband of the petitioner did not disclose the previous policy No.224492798 in the proposal form. After rejection of her claim concerning the aforesaid two insurance policies, the petitioner filed a review application before the Zonal Manager of the respondent-Corporation and, thereafter, filed an application before the respondent no.4 i.e Insurance Ombudsman on 01.11.2014, however, the application/ complaint of the petitioner was rejected by the impunged order dated 10.09.2015.
4. The writ petition is founded on the premise that the impugned order dated 14.03.2014 was passed with a pre-determined mind and smells of deep-rooted prejudice against the petitioner; that the Corporation, accepting the personal statement of the deceased to be correct, issued the policies without any protest and that there is nothing on record from which it can be inferred that the insured ever made any concealment or misrepresentation at the time of commencement of insurance policy and, therefore, the impunged orders of the Corporation as well as the Insurance Ombudsman are unsustainable.
5. A counter affidavit dated 18.04.2016 has been filed on behalf of the Insurance Company stating that claim under policy nos.256487214 and 256487400 was repudiated on account of non-disclosure of previous policy No.224492798. It is further pleaded in the counter affidavit that as the Corporation works on the basis of utmost good faith by relying on the statement of insured in the proposal form, repudiation of claim was done as per rules on account of non-disclosure of previous policy in the proposal form.
6. The petitioner has filed rejoinder affidavit reiterating her stand taken in the writ petition.
7. A Supplementary affidavit dated 17.04.2022 has also been filed by the petitioner substantially relying upon the judgement of the Apex Court in Civil Appeal No.8386 of 2015 (Manmohan Nanda v. United India Assurance Co. Ltd. & Anr.) reported in (2022) 4 SCC 582 and referring to the provisions of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (Protection of Policyholders’ Interests) Regulations-2002 (in short ‘the Regulations-2002’), it has been pleaded that the proposal form was rightly filled up by the insured with full satisfaction of the respondent-Corporation.
8. As against the supplementary affidavit, supplementary counter affidavit has been filed on behalf of the Corporation taking the same stand
United India Insurance Co. Ltd. Vs. M.K.J. Corporation
Point of Law : There is no good ground to interfere in the orders impugned.
The duty of utmost good faith in insurance requires full disclosure of all material facts, and non-disclosure can lead to claim rejection.
The insurer cannot repudiate a life insurance claim based on non-disclosure of a previous policy if it failed to verify existing records, as this does not constitute material suppression.
The duty of the proposer to disclose all material facts in the proposal form and the materiality of the non-disclosed information for the assessment of risk in insurance contracts.
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Insurers can reject life insurance claims for non-disclosure of previous policies, highlighting the necessity for utmost good faith in insurance contracts.
A policy cannot be repudiated for non-disclosure of lapsed or terminated policies, especially when ambiguity exists in proposal forms; the insured must only disclose material facts that directly affe....
1) Non-disclosure of 3 policies obtained from Pvt. insurance co. not a material fact to repudiate the claim of the Respondents.2) Impugned policies are not the mediclaim policies nor the death of the....
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