IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
Siddhartha Varma, Manish Kumar Nigam, JJ.
Ram Nayan and Others – Appellants
Versus
State of U.P. – Respondents
Criminal Appeal No. - 4499 of 2015
Decided On : 12-04-2023
Juvenile Justice Act - Juvenile in Conflict with Law - 2(h) Juvenile means a boy who has not attend the age of 16 years or a girl who has not attend the age of 18 years, 2(K) Juvenile or child means a person who has not completed 18 years of age. - Summary of Acts and Sections: The court discussed the provisions of the Juvenile Justice Act, 1986, Juvenile Justice Act, 2000, and Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015. It highlighted the definitions of 'juvenile' and 'child' under these acts and their implications in determining the juvenility of the accused. The court also referred to relevant judgments and amendments to the Acts to establish the legal framework for determining juvenility and its applicability in the case.
Fact of the Case:
The case involved an appeal by multiple appellants against their conviction and sentencing for various offenses including murder, rioting, and causing disappearance of evidence. During the pendency of the appeal, one of the appellants claimed juvenility based on an inquiry report submitted by the Juvenile Justice Board, stating that he was a minor at the time of the crime. The appellant sought release from custody based on the provisions of the Juvenile Justice Act.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the appellant was indeed a juvenile at the time of the offense based on the report of the Juvenile Justice Board. It held that the appellant was entitled to the benefit of the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015, and should be released from custody. The court also considered the appellant's period of imprisonment and modified the punishment to the period already served by the appellant.
Issues: The main issue before the court was the determination of the appellant's juvenility and the applicability of the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 in the case. The court also addressed the procedural aspects of raising a claim of juvenility at a late stage of the trial and its impact on the final decision.
Ratio Decidendi: The court established that the determination of juvenility should be based on the age of the accused at the time of the offense, and the provisions of the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 should be applied even if the claim of juvenility is raised after the accused has attained the age of 18 years. It emphasized that the benefit of the Act should be available to all persons who were children at the time of the offense, even if they ceased to be children during the pendency of the inquiry or trial.
Final Decision: The court partly allowed the appeal in respect of the appellant who claimed juvenility, confirming the conviction but modifying the punishment to the period already served. It directed the immediate release of the appellant and stated that he would not incur any disqualification due to his conviction and period of sentence undergone.
JUDGMENT :
Manish Kumar Nigam, J.
Ref :- Order on Criminal Misc. Application No.91499 of 2016
1. Heard learned Counsel for the appellant no.3, Suresh @ Suttur and learned A.G.A. for the State.
2. Present criminal appeal has been filed by appellant no.1-Ram Nayan, appellant no.2-Chetman, appellant no.3-Suresh @ Suttur, appellant no.4-Ram Surat and appellant no.5-Raghav Sharan against the judgment and order dated 30.9.2015 passed by Addl. Sessions Judge, Court no.2, Maharajganj in S.T. No.31 of 1998 (State Vs. Suresh @ Suttur & others) connected with S.T. No.40 of 2000 (State Vs. Raghav Sharan), whereby the appellants have been convicted and sentenced for life imprisonment under Section 302/149, for imprisonment of two years under Section 147 IPC and for imprisonment of three years under Section 201 I.P.C. Fine has also been imposed on the appellants.
3. A First Information Report was lodged in Case Crime No.63 of 1993 under Section 147, 302, 201 I.P.C., P.S.-Kotwali, District-Maharajganj against the Suresh @ Suttur, Chetman s/o Deep Narain, Ram Surat s/o Chetman, Ram Nayan s/o Chauthi Kewat, Raghav Sharan S/o Chetman. As per the prosecution story on 5.3.1993 accused Suresh @ Suttur Yadav had taken Udai Raj the son of first informant from his house and since then Udai Raj had not come back. Missing report was lodged with the police. Suresh @ Suttur Yadav was arrested and on his pointing out dead body of the deceased Udai Raj was recovered by the Police. After investigation charge-sheet was submitted by Police against appellants. However, no charge-sheet was submitted against Raghav Sharan. Initially the accused Raghav Sharan could not be arrested by Police as he was absconding after the incident. Later on when accused Raghav Sharan was arrested, a supplementary charge-sheet was filed against Raghav Sharan by the Police. Learned Magistrate thereafter vide orders dated 11.8.1998 and 2.8.2000 committed the case to trial before the Sessions Court. Sessions Trial No.31 of 1998 (State Vs. Suresh @ Suttur and others) and S.T. No.40 of 2000 (State Vs. Raghav Sharan) were tried together by the sessions court and all the accused-appellants were convicted and sentenced by the sessions Judge vide judgment and order dated 30.9.2015.
4. During the pendency of the present appeal, an application being Application No.91499 of 2016 was filed by appellant no.3 Suresh @ Suttur praying that an inquiry in respect of the juvenility of the appellant no.3, who was a minor on the alleged date of crime i.e. 05.03.1993 be undergone and necessary orders be passed in this regard. The claim of the juvenility was made on the ground that the appellant no.3, Suresh @ Suttur was admitted in Class 2nd on 05.09.1983 and has passed Class-5th on 25.4.1987. The date of birth mentioned in his mark-sheet was 18.3.1977 which was issued by the Principal, Ram Aadhar Junior High School Gaushala, Maharajganj. Applicant/appellant no.3 relied upon the transfer certificate issued by the institution and the other documents mentioned in the affidavit filed in support of the application for consideration of his juvenility. This Court vide order dated 10.10.2017 directed the District Judge, Maharajganj to get an inquiry conducted from the concerned Juvenile Justice Board regarding the plea of juvenility made by the appellant no.3 Suresh @ Suttur and asked him to submit his report within two months from the date of order. On 08.12.2017, a report was submitted by the Juvenile Justice Board, Maharajganj to the effect that on the date of incident i.e. 5.3.1993, appellant no.3, Suresh @ Suttur was 15 years 11 months and 17 days old. The aforesaid report along with the documents considered by the Juvenile Justice Board, Maharajganj were placed on record in the present appeal. By order dated 31.10.2019, learned A.G.A. was granted time to file counter affidavit to the report of Juvenile Justice Board, Maharajganj within four weeks’. On 02.11.2020, an affidavit was filed by learned A.G.A. mention
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The court confirmed that a claim of juvenility can be raised at any stage, impacting sentencing under the Juvenile Justice Act.
An individual assessed to be a juvenile at the time of offence must not be tried as an adult, with their age determination being essential for proper legal proceedings.
Criminal Law – Murder – On the basis of the inquiry conducted as per our orders, it is found that appellant was a juvenile as on the date of commission of offence. In such circumstances, as the findi....
(1) Claim of juvenility may be raised before any Court which shall be recognised at any stage even after final disposal of case.(2) Decision against determination of juvenility ought not to be taken ....
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