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2023 Supreme(All) 2491

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
CHANDRA KUMAR RAI, J.
Rameshwar - Petitioner
Versus
State of U.P. And 4 Others - Respondents
WRIT - C NO. - 31478 OF 2022.
Decided On : 17-01-2023

Advocates appeared:
For the Petitioner: Prem Sagar Verma, Madan Mohan, Counsels.
For the Respondents: C.S.C., Dwijendra Prasad.

Headnote:(A) U.P. Z.A. & L.R. Act - Section 198(4) - Indian Limitation Act - Section 5 - Cancellation of agricultural lease - The restoration of the case after 14 years by Additional Collector on the basis of a delay condonation application without a specific order of delay condonation was countered by arguments stressing proper judicial process. The petitioner's concerns regarding illegal allotment and non-vacancy of land were considered legitimate. However, the High Court recognized that sufficient cause had to be liberally interpreted, emphasizing the need for substantial justice. (Paras 3, 6, 9)

(B) Judicial Discretion - The court has a discretionary power to condone delays while ensuring that justice is administered fairly, notwithstanding delays caused by the state or its machinery. The fundamental necessity is to allow cases to be decided on merit rather than to dismiss them solely due to procedural delays. The approach taken should reflect a balance between delay and the pursuit of justice. (Paras 7, 8)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner challenged the restoration of the agricultural lease to respondent No.5, which was cancelled prior due to a private complaint. The restoration request by respondent No.5 was made after 14 years and overlooked the proper procedures for appeal and delay in condonation.

Findings of Court:
The court upheld the discretion exercised by the Additional Collector to restore the case, allowing it to be reconsidered on merit, while imposing a costs order.

Issues: The key issues involved the legitimacy of the delay in restoration and the legality of the initial cancellation of the agricultural lease.

Ratio Decidendi: The court reiterated that delays could be condoned when substantial justice was at stake, following the principle that every case ought to be resolved on its merits and not solely dismissed for procedural reasons.

Result: Writ petition dismissed with modification on costs.

Table of Content
1. factual background of land lease and cancellation. (Para 2)
2. arguments regarding delay in restoration application. (Para 3 , 4)
3. court's approach on condonation of delay. (Para 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9)
4. final decision and directives on case proceeding. (Para 10)

JUDGMENT

Chandra Kumar Rai, J.

Heard Mr. Madan Mohan, Counsel for the petitioner, Mr. Dwidendra Prasad, Counsel for respondent No.5, Mr. L.K. Tripathi, learned Additional Chief Standing Counsel for State-respondent Nos. 1 to 3 and Mr. Avinash Chandra Srivastav, Counsel for respondent No.4, Gram Panchayat.

2. The brief facts of the case are that khasra plot No. 266 area 0.191 hectare, situated in village-Chandrapur, Tahsil-Bah, District Agra was recorded as navin parti. An agriculture lease was executed in favour of respondent No.5, Roop Kishore Chaturvedi, S/o Chetan Das, R/O Village- Chandrapur, Tehsil - Bah, District-Agra (U.P.) and the same was approved also on 26.03.1992. Petitioner filed a complaint against the allotment of respondent No.5, which was registered as Case No. 64 of 1995-96, under Section 198 (4) of U.P.Z.A. and L.R. Act, respondent No.5 appeared in the proceedings and filed his reply also but subsequently absented from the proceedings, hence, the case was directed to be proceeded ex-parte. The Additional District Magistrate/ Additional Collector , vide order dated 31.12.1996, cancelled the allotment of respondent No.5. Against the order dated 31.12.1996, respondent No.5 filed a restoration application along with an application under Section 5 of Indian LIMITATION ACT on 19.01.2010 i.e. after about 14 years. Petitioner filed his objection to the restoration application as well as delay condonation application. Additional Collector , vide order dated 30.05.2015, set aside the ex-parte order dated 31.12.1996, allowed the application dated 19.01.2010 and restored the case on its original number for decision afresh. Petitioner challenged the order dated 19.01.2010 through revision before Commissioner and the same was heard and dismissed by Additional Commissioner, vide order dated 11.08.2022, hence this writ petition.

3. Counsel for the petitioner submitted that restoration application filed by respondent No.5 was highly time barred i.e. about 14 years but Additional Collector without recording proper finding on condonation of delay of 14 years, has allowed the application dated 19.01.2010 filed by respondent No.5 but there is no specific order for condonation of delay of 14 years. He further submitted that order dated 15.12.1996 to proceed ex-parte has not been challenged by respondent No.5, hence, the final order dated 31.12.1996 by which lease of respondent No.5 was cancelled, cannot be recalled. He further submitted that respondent No.5 has appeared in the proceeding under Section 198 (4) of U.P.Z.A and L.R. Act through Counsel and filed his reply also but subsequently absented from the proceedings, as such, order dated 31.12.1996 was passed in accordance with law cancelling the allotment of respondent No.5. He further submitted that land in question was not vacant for allotment and no permission under Section 28 -C of the U.P. Panchayat Raj Act was obtained, as such, the allotment made in favour of respondent No.5 was illegal and irregular. He further submitted that impugned orders be set aside and writ petition be allowed.

4. On the other hand, Counsel for the respondent No.5 submitted that although restoration application filed by respondent No.5 was barred by limitation of 14 year but the delay was explained in the application under Section 5 of Indian LIMITATION ACT supported by affidavit, as such, the order dated 31.12.1996 cancelling the allotment of respondent No.5 has been set aside after considering the delay condonation question also and case has been restored on its original number for decision afresh, as such, no interference is required against the discretion exercised by Additional Collector . He further submitted that

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