Andhra Pradesh Survey and Boundaries Act 1923

An Act to amend the law relating to survey of lands and settlement of boundary disputes. This Act was extended to the transferred territories (Telangana area) by Section 3 of the Andhra Pradesh Survey and Boundaries (Extension and Amendment Act, 1958) (Andhra Pradesh Act XXII of 1958).Statement of Objects and Reasons The intention of the Select Committee which sat on the Bill of 1897 which now continues the present Act, was to make the decision of the Survey Officer as to boundary conclusive unless it was challenged in a Civil Court. The judgment of High Court in Second Appeal No.22 of 1915 shows that the Bill as drafted did not carry out this intention. The main object of the present Bill is to restore to the law the meaning which the sections were originally intended to convey. The opportunity has been taken to bring the Act into accord with modern arrangements in some other respects. The majority of the general surveys have been completed, and the Act is now largely required in conn

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S.3 Interpretation Clause

In this Act, unless there is something repugnant in subject or context,--

(i) Estate :- 'Estate' means--

(a) any permanently-settled estate whether a Zamindari jaghir, mitta or palaiyam;

(b) any portion of such permanently-settled estate which has been separately registered in the office of the Collector;

(d) any inam village of which the grant was made or has been confirmed by the British Government;

(e) any portion, consisting of one or more villages of any of the estates specified above in Clauses (a), (b) and (c), which is held on a permanent under-tenure.

(ii) Government land :- 'Government land' means any land not forming an estate or any portion thereof.

(iii) Prescribe :- 'Prescribe' means prescribed by rules

S.6 Notification to be published by Survey Officers

(1) When any survey is ordered under Section 5, the survey officer shall publish a notification in the prescribed manner inviting all persons having any interest in the land or in the boundaries of which the survey has been ordered, to attend either in person or by agent at a specified place and time and from time to time thereafter when called upon for the purpose of pointing out boundaries and supplying information in connection therewith.

(2) Such notification to be a valid notice to person interested :- A notification published under sub-section (1) shall be held to be a valid notice to every person having any interest in the land or in the boundaries of which survey has been ordered.

S.4 State Government to appoint survey officers

(1) The State Government may by notification appoint any person either by name or by virtue of his office to be a survey officer for all or any of the purposes of this Act.

(2) State Government to prescribe jurisdiction of survey officer :- Subject to the control of the State Government and of any officer or authority appointed by it in this behalf every person so appointed shall exercise and perform the powers and duties of a survey officer within such local limits and for such periods of time as the State Government may direct.

(3) State Government may delegate powers of control :- The State Government may delegate its powers under sub-sections (1) and (2) to such officer or authority as it thinks fit.

S.5 State Government may direct the survey of Government land or of any boundary of such land

The State Government or, subject to the control of the State Government, any officer or authority to whom these powers may be delegated by it may by notification order a survey of any Government land or of any boundary of such land or of the boundary forming the common limit of Government land and land that is not Government land.

S.1 Title

(1) This Act may be called the Andhra Pradesh Survey and Boundaries Act, 1923.

(2) Local extent :- It extends to the whole of the State of Andhra Pradesh.

S.8 Cost to be charged to persons interested in the lands surveyed

The cost, if any, of the labour employed and of the survey marks used in any survey notified under Section 5 shall be determined and apportioned in the prescribed manner among the persons who have any interest in the land or in the boundaries of which the survey has been ordered and shall be recoverable from such persons as an arrear of land revenue. Notice of such determination and apportionment shall be given in the prescribed manner to the persons aforesaid.

(2) Any person affected by a decision under sub-section (1) may appeal to the prescribed officer whose decision, with reasons therefor, shall be recorded in writing; and notice of such decision shall be given in the prescribed manner to the parties to the appeal.

(3) An appeal under sub-section (2) shall be a preferred within three months from the date of service of notice under sub-section (1), after excluding the time taken to obtain a copy of the dec

S.12 Period within which appeal should be preferred

(a) An appeal under Section 11 shall be preferred within * [sixty days] from the date of service of notice under Section 9 or 10, provided that the time taken to obtain a copy of the decision and of the map shall not be included in the period of * [sixty days] allowed for appeal.

Proviso :- (b) No appeal preferred after the expiry of the said period shall be admitted, provided that the appellate authority may admit an appeal after the expiry of the said period on his being satisfied that the appellant had good and sufficient cause for not preferring the appeal within such period.

Explanation :- The fact that notice under Section 9 or 10 was not served personally on the appellant shall be deemed to be good and sufficient cause within the meaning of the above proviso.

S.11 Appeals against orders under Section 9 or 10

(1) Any person affected by a decision under Section 9 or 10 may appeal to the prescribed officer. The decision of the appellate authority with reasons therefor shall be recorded in writing and notice of such decision shall be given in the prescribed manner to the parties to the appeal. Any modification of the survey officer's decision, ordered by the appellate authority, shall be noted in the record prepared under Section 9 or 10 as the case may be.

(2) A copy of the order and a copy of the map recording the boundaries as determined under Sections 9, 10 or 11 (1) shall be furnished to any person interested in such order or map as the case may be on his application and at his cost.

S.10 Power of survey officer to determine and record a disputed boundary

(1) Where a boundary is disputed, the survey officer, after making such inquiry as he considers necessary, shall determine the boundary and record in writing the reasons for his decision.

(2) Notice to parties to the dispute and to registered holders of land affected :- Notice of every decision of the survey officer under Section 10 (1) shall be given in the prescribed manner to the parties to the dispute and other registered holders of the lands, the boundaries of which may be affected by the decision.

S.9 Power of survey officer to determine and record an undisputed boundary

(1) The survey officer shall have power to determine and record as undisputed any boundary in respect of which no dispute is brought to his notice.

(2) Notice to registered holders of lands affected:- Notice of every decision of the survey officer under Section 9 (1) shall be given in the prescribed manner to the registered holders of the lands the boundaries of which may be affected by the decisions.

S.7 Survey Officer to carry out the survey or get the survey carried out in the manner prescribed

The survey officer shall carry out the survey or shall cause the survey carried out with the assistance of an external or internal agency approved by the Government in the manner prescribed.]

S.2 Repeal

The Madras Survey and Boundaries Act, 1897, is hereby repealed.

S.15 Registered holders responsible for the maintenance of survey marks

(1) Subject to such conditions as may be prescribed in this behalf, every registered holder of Government land shall be bound to maintain, renew and repair the survey marks on or within the boundaries of his holding, and in default of his doing so the survey officer or the collector may, at the cost of the State Government maintain, renew and repair such survey marks, determine and apportion the cost of so doing, and recover such cost as an arrear of land revenue. Such cost may include the cost of all operations incidental to such renewal or repair but not any charges on account of survey officers and supervising establishment.

(2) Notice to the registered holder :- Before a survey officer of Collector maintains, renews or repairs any survey marks, he shall serve a notice in writing on the registered holder in the prescribed manner giving particulars of the survey marks in respect of which default has been committed and ca

S.17 State Government may direct the survey of an estate in certain cases

The State Government, or subject to the control of the State Government, any officer or authority to whom this power maybe delegated by it, may by notification direct the survey of any estate or portion of an estate or of any boundary therein--

(a) on the application in writing of the proprietor of such estate or, in the case of boundary, of any person interested therein; or

(b) without such application whenever in the opinion of the State Government such survey in necessary--

(i) for the better or more convenient assessment or levy of irrigation cess;

(ii) for any other reason to be recorded prior to the issue of such notification:

Provided (1) any person making an application under Clause (a) shall forward with his application a statement in writing signed by him to the effect that he will pay the whole cost of the survey and if required wi

S.14 Institution of a suit in Civil Court within three years to establish rights claimed in respect of the boundary of the property surveyed

Any person deeming himself aggrieved by the determination of any boundary under Sections 9, 10 or 11 may, subject to the provisions of Parts II and III of the Indian Limitation Act, 1908, institute a suit within three years from the date of the notification under Section 13 to set aside or modify the said determination and the survey shall, if necessary, be altered in accordance with the final decree in the suit and the alteration, if any shall be noted in the record.

The plaintiff in such suit shall join as parties to it all persons whom he has reason to believe to be interested in the boundary which is the subject of the suit.

S.16 Duties of village officers

It shall be the duty of every village headman and of every village accountant--

(a) to prevent the destruction, injury, removal or alteration of any survey marks or on within the limits of his jurisdiction; and

(b) when he becomes aware that any such mark has been destroyed, injured, removed or altered, to report the fact to the prescribed officer.

S.20 State Government may direct apportionment of costs among lands surveyed

(1) On the application of the proprietor of an estate in which any survey has been made, the State Government or any officer, or authority to whom this power may be delegated by it, may direct the survey officer to apportion among the holders of the lands or persons interested in the boundaries which have been surveyed the whole or a specified portion of the cost of such survey; provided that no tenant under a proprietor shall be called upon to pay a larger sum on account of such survey than he would be liable to pay if he held his land directly under the Government.

(2) Apportionment how made :- The apportionment under sub-section (1) shall be made in the prescribed manner.

(3) Cost so apportioned recoverable by proprietor from tenants :- The amount apportioned under this section when it is due by the tenants of a proprietor shall be recoverable as if it were an arrear of rent due by a ten

S.18 Procedure to be observed during survey

Except as provided in Sections 19 and 20, the conduct of such survey the proceedings of the survey officer shall, as far as may be, be regulated by the procedure laid down in Chapter II with regard to the survey of Government lands; and the provisions contained in that chapter in regard to appeals from the orders of survey officer, the granting of copies thereof and the effect of such orders and of the decision passed in appeals therefrom and in regard to the right of suit in respect of such orders and decisions shall, as far as may be, apply to all orders passed by a survey officer under this chapter and to the decisions passed in appeal against such order.

S.19 Cost of survey recoverable from proprietor

All costs incurred by the State Government on account of a survey directed under Clause (a) of Section 17 shall be recoverable from the persons who have any interest in the estate, portion of estate, or boundary of which the survey has been ordered as an arrear of land revenue; the cost of survey directed under Clause (b) (i) and (ii) of Section 17 shall be borne by the State Government unless otherwise provided by any law for the time being in force.

S.25 (i) Proprietor or registered holder may recover expenses paid by him from the owner of the estate or Government land and may acquire a charge upon the land to that extent

In the absence of a contract to the contrary, a proprietor or registered holder of any estate or Government land under survey who incurs, any expenses or from whom any expenses are recovered under this Act in respect of such survey, shall, if he be the owner thereof, acquire a charge on such estate or Government land to the extent of the expenses so incurred or recovered from him with interest thereon at the rate of 9 per cent per annum.

(ii) Person claiming an interest may pay charges payable by proprietor or registered holder and acquire a charge :- It shall be lawful for any person claiming an interest in an estate or Government land under survey to pay the charges payable under this Act in respect of the survey of such estate or Government land, though he be not the proprietor or registered holder thereof, and all such sums, if paid by a tenant or lessee, may be deducted from any rent then or afterwards due by him in r

S.26 State Government may make rules under the Act

(1) The State Government may, after previous publication, make rules to carry out the purposes of the Act.

(2) In particular and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power such rules may-

(a) prescribe for different localities the unit of survey, the sub-divisions thereof and the description of the survey marks; and provide for the maintenance, renewal and repair of such marks;

(b) provide for the collection and record of any information in respect of any land which has been or is about to be surveyed;

(c) define the classes of officers to be appointed to do duty under this Act and the powers to be exercised by such officers;

(d) prescribe and regulate the procedure to be followed by those officers in the conduct of proceedings under this Act;

(e) provide for the publication of all notifications issued u

S.21 Consequences ensuing on completion of survey of an estate

When an estate or a portion of an estate or a boundary in an estate has been surveyed in pursuance of a notification issued under Section 17, the survey officer shall, report the completion of the survey to the district Collector and to the proprietor, and the following consequences shall thereupon ensue:

(i) Duty of tenants :- Subject to such conditions as may be prescribed in this behalf, every tenant of the land surveyed, and where there is no tenant, the proprietor, shall be bound to maintain, renew and repair the survey marks on or within the boundaries of his holding, and in default of his doing so the Collector may, after giving notice to the tenant or proprietor as the case may be in the manner provided in sub-sections (2) and (3) of Section 15, at the cost of the State Government maintain, renew and repair such survey marks and recover the cost of so doing as an arrear of land revenue. Such cost may include the c

S.23 Power to summon witnesses and require production of document

Any survey officer, generally or specially authorized in that behalf, or the District Collector or any officer to whom an appeal is preferred under any of the provisions of this Act may, for the purpose of rendering assistance in the survey of any land, summon and enforce the attendance of any person who has an interest therein and may for the purpose of any survey, inquiry or other proceedings under this Act, summon and enforce the attendance of any person for giving evidence and for the production of documents; and the procedure prescribed in the Code of Civil Procedure for summoning and enforcing the attendance of witnesses and for the recording of evidence shall be followed as far as it can be made applicable.

S.22 Power to enter upon, examine and clear obstruction on lands

For the purposes of any survey, inquiry or other proceedings under this Act, the survey officer or the District Collector or any of the subordinates of such officers shall have power to enter upon, examine and measure any land under survey and to clear by cutting down or removing any trees, jungle, fences, standing crops or other material obstructions, the boundaries or other lines the clearance of which may be necessary for the purposes of the survey.

S.27 Immunity for acts done in good faith or purporting to be so done

No suit or other legal proceedings shall lie against any person for any thing in good faith done or purporting to be done under this Act.

S.24 Reference to arbitration

(1) The District Collector or the survey officer may with the consent of all the parties concerned, refer to arbitration any dispute as to a boundary.

(2) The decision of the District Collector or the survey officer passed in accordance with such award shall be conclusive between the parties to such arbitration and those claiming under them.

S.13 Completion of demarcation to be notified

When the survey of any land or boundary which has been notified under Section 5 has been completed in accordance with the order passed under Sections 9, 10 or 11 the survey officer shall notify the fact in the District Gazette and a copy of such notification shall be pasted in the village chavadi, if any, of the village to which the survey relates; unless the survey so notified is modified by a decree of a civil court under the provisions of Section 14, the record of the survey shall be conclusive proof that the boundaries determined and recorded therein have been correctly determined and recorded:

Provided that in the case of land or boundary situated in the territories specified in sub-section (1) of Section 3 of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956 (Central Act 37 of 1956), until a District Gazette is published for the district in the said territories, a notification as required by this Section shall be published in the Andhra Pra

Legal Comments

Introduction - Andhra Pradesh Survey and Boundaries Act, 1923 (APS&B Act) governs survey, demarcation and binding effects of boundaries; it is primarily for identification and boundary fixation, not full title adjudication in civil courts [B. N. Manga Devi VS State of Andhra Pradesh, rep. by its Principal Secretary, Revenue Department,Hyderabad. - 2011 0 Supreme(AP) 623] [G. Satyanarayana VS Government of Andhra Pradesh - 2014 0 Supreme(AP) 512] [STATE OF ANDHRA PRADESH VS PRAMEELA MODI - 2006 0 Supreme(SC) 1006].
What Section 13 Says - Section 13 requires completion/demarcation of survey and its notification; it marks finality of boundary determinations unless set aside by Civil Court under Section 14; boundaries recorded in survey records may be binding butNot absolute title, as per interpretations across decisions [G. Nagarathnam Pillai VS Guruswami Pillai died - 1943 0 Supreme(Mad) 176] [Venugopal VS Chandrakasa Padayachi (deceased) & Others - 2003 0 Supreme(Mad) 254] [Poonu alias Kondappa Naicker and another VS Marammal and another - 2001 0 Supreme(Mad) 1664] [The Maharaja of Pittapuram VS The Secretary of State for India in Council represented by the Collector - 1939 0 Supreme(Mad) 55].
Essential ingredients - (i) a boundary survey and its final notification, (ii) service of notices under Sections 9/10 where applicable, (iii) possible remedy via Section 14 civil suit to challenge boundaries, and (iv) consideration of title implications arising from boundary determinations (though not conclusive proof of title) [Masjid Mohammadia vs State of Telangana - 2024 Supreme(Online)(Tel) 36608] [Sogra Begum VS State Of A. P. - 2001 0 Supreme(AP) 1364] [The Maharaja of Pittapuram VS The Secretary of State for India in Council represented by the Collector - 1939 0 Supreme(Mad) 55].
Scope of Section - Section 13 pertains to boundaries and their finality; it does not blanketly decide title; Section 14 allows Civil Court challenge on boundary correctness or title as limited by case law; also, Section 9/10 provide notice and quasi-judicial survey powers; private land surveys may be conducted with procedural safeguards per circulars and jurisprudence [G. Nagarathnam Pillai VS Guruswami Pillai died - 1943 0 Supreme(Mad) 176] [Manthena Praveen Kumar, S/o.Subbaraju vs State of Andhra Pradesh, Represented by its Principal Secretary, Revenue Development Department - 2025 Supreme(Online)(AP) 6442] [Muramalla Padmavathi VS State of Andhra Pradesh - 2016 0 Supreme(AP) 64].
Punishment for Section - The Act itself does not prescribe punitive penalties in Section 13; penalties for non-compliance or abuse typically arise under other Acts (e.g., L.A. encroachment or related revenue acts) or through civil remedies; penalty provisions are not central to Section 13’s remedies .
Boundaries and title interplay - Courts repeatedly hold that surveys under APS&B Act fix boundaries and are not definitive on title; title disputes require Civil Court adjudication; TSLR entries or Government gazette notifications are not sole proof of private title; demarcation may indirectly affect rights but is not determinative of ownership [S. Jayasankar VS Tahsildar, Sriperumbudur Taluk, Kanchipuram District - 2012 0 Supreme(Mad) 2415] [Masjid Mohammadia vs State of Telangana - 2024 Supreme(Online)(Tel) 36608] [B. N. Manga Devi VS State of Andhra Pradesh, rep. by its Principal Secretary, Revenue Department,Hyderabad. - 2011 0 Supreme(AP) 623].
Finality vs. challenge window - Section 14 provides a three-year window to challenge final Gazette notification; if not challenged timely, the boundary record attains finality; however, this does not bar later civil actions on title or boundary relevance if compelling grounds exist (depending on jurisdiction) [Masjid Mohammadia vs State of Telangana - 2024 Supreme(Online)(Tel) 36608] [G. Nagarathnam Pillai VS Guruswami Pillai died - 1943 0 Supreme(Mad) 176] [B. Venkateswarlu VS District Collector, Hyderabad - 2002 0 Supreme(AP) 774].
Notice and due process - Proper service of notices under Sections 9(2) and 10 and 15(2) is critical; lack of notice can render resurvey or memo void or require reassessment; non-compliance may violate natural justice (as seen in several Tamil Nadu/Andhra cases) [Lingappa Gounder VS Palanisamy Gounder & Others - 2006 0 Supreme(Mad) 183] [B. K. Prabakar VS District Collector, Krishnagiri District, Krishnagiri - 2015 0 Supreme(Mad) 654] [Ramayammal VS Arumugham (Deceased) - 2017 0 Supreme(Mad) 3582].
Private land surveys – authority to survey private lands is recognized in several High Courts; while APS&B Act lacks explicit express provision, Government circulars and Board Orders permit surveys on private land upon owner notification and payment of charges; ultimate remedies include civil action if title dispute arises [Muramalla Padmavathi VS State of Andhra Pradesh - 2016 0 Supreme(AP) 64] [ Muramalla Padmavathi line of cases cited in Manthena Praveen Kumar, S/o.Subbaraju vs State of Andhra Pradesh, Represented by its Principal Secretary, Revenue Development Department - 2025 Supreme(Online)(AP) 6442] [Mallika VS District Collector, Erode District - 2014 0 Supreme(Mad) 160].
Role of Town Survey/L.R. vs. Survey Records - Town Survey records (TSLR) are not conclusive proof of title; they are record of boundaries and government entries can be challenged; finality may be reached by Gazette notification but not to the extent of extinguishing private title forever; courts emphasize considering all documentary materials beyond TSLR [Masjid Mohammadia vs State of Telangana - 2024 Supreme(Online)(Tel) 36608] [B. N. Manga Devi VS State of Andhra Pradesh, rep. by its Principal Secretary, Revenue Department,Hyderabad. - 2011 0 Supreme(AP) 623] [K. Manemma VS Municipal Corporation of Hyderabad rep. by its Commissioner - 2006 0 Supreme(AP) 820].
Government land vs. private land dichotomy - Government entries in TSLR or gazette notices do not automatically confer title; private landowners may retain or acquire title via deed and possession; civil action remains the proper forum for title determination against alleged government land claims [B. N. Manga Devi VS State of Andhra Pradesh, rep. by its Principal Secretary, Revenue Department,Hyderabad. - 2011 0 Supreme(AP) 623] [Masjid Mohammadia vs State of Telangana - 2024 Supreme(Online)(Tel) 36608].
Interim protective orders - Courts have granted writs directing surveys to proceed with fair processes, ensuring they do not disturb possession until final orders; where encroachment or possession is in issue, courts may direct survey with notices and due process (Section 9/10, 15) [S. Suresh Kumar VS Taluk Surveyor, Thoothukudi Taluk - 2016 0 Supreme(Mad) 2131] [P. T. Narayana Nair VS Tahsildar - 2014 0 Supreme(Mad) 538] [V Prasad VS State of Andhra Pradesh - 2021 0 Supreme(AP) 995].
Remedies post-survey - If boundary is finalized, aggrieved party can seek relief under civil suit; alternatively, an appeal under Section 11 can be pursued; if not satisfied, Section 14 suits may be filed within three years from Gazette; otherwise finality binds parties [G. Nagarathnam Pillai VS Guruswami Pillai died - 1943 0 Supreme(Mad) 176] [MOHAN PRASAD SINGH DEO VS STATE OF ORISSA - 1953 0 Supreme(Ori) 78] [D. S. Mariappan and another VS N. Manoharan and another - 2001 0 Supreme(Mad) 376].
Re-survey without notice - Resurveys conducted without proper notice or in contravention of Section 9(2) can be vacated or require fresh action; courts frequently set aside such orders for lack of compliance with the statute and natural justice requirements [Lingappa Gounder VS Palanisamy Gounder & Others - 2006 0 Supreme(Mad) 183] [B. K. Prabakar VS District Collector, Krishnagiri District, Krishnagiri - 2015 0 Supreme(Mad) 654].
Conclusive nature of boundaries vs. title - A binding boundary record fixes boundaries but does not conclusively determine title; title may still be adjudicated in Civil Court where appropriate [State of Madras by Collector of Ramanathapuram at Madurai VS Karuppiah Ambalam - 1958 0 Supreme(Mad) 338] [Ramayammal VS Arumugham (Deceased) - 2017 0 Supreme(Mad) 3582].
Jurisdictional scope on private lands - Several decisions held surveying authorities may survey private lands upon request, with conditions; civil courts remain the proper forum for title disputes arising out of such surveys [Sanaka Raghurama Prasad, S/o Narasimha Rao VS State Of AP - 2024 0 Supreme(AP) 860] [ Muramalla Padmavathi references in Manthena Praveen Kumar, S/o.Subbaraju vs State of Andhra Pradesh, Represented by its Principal Secretary, Revenue Development Department - 2025 Supreme(Online)(AP) 6442].
Record of rights vs. survey records - APS&B Act does not create a “record of rights”; it creates survey boundaries; unlike ROR under the 1971 Act, survey entries are not definitive proof of title; reliance on RORs requires separate legal mechanisms [State Of Andhra Pradesh vs K. Krishnam raju - 2025 0 Supreme(Telangana) 539] [Natarajan VS State of Tamil Nadu - 2024 0 Supreme(Mad) 892].
Inter-state and boundary complexities - Where inter-state boundaries are involved, relevant acts (e.g., Geological Survey of India Act, 1948) guide demarcation; APS&B Act remains applicable for internal boundary determinations; cross-border disputes involve constitutional considerations [GOVT. OF A. P. VS OBULAPURAM MINIG. CO. P. LTD. - 2018 0 Supreme(SC) 701].
Encroachment and possession protection - AP/TSL boundaries jurisprudence recognizes protections for possession, requiring due process; mere government land entries cannot unilaterally dispossess private possessors without legal procedures; civil remedies persist [B. Venkateswarlu VS District Collector, Hyderabad - 2002 0 Supreme(AP) 774] [00200050300].
Practical takeaway - For practitioners, Section 13 anchors boundary finality but should be read with Section 14 and related sections; when contesting boundaries, collect diverse documentary evidence, ensure notices were properly issued, and consider Civil Court action for title relief; do not treat survey records as definitive title proof alone [B. N. Manga Devi VS State of Andhra Pradesh, rep. by its Principal Secretary, Revenue Department,Hyderabad. - 2011 0 Supreme(AP) 623] [G. Nagarathnam Pillai VS Guruswami Pillai died - 1943 0 Supreme(Mad) 176] [Masjid Mohammadia vs State of Telangana - 2024 Supreme(Online)(Tel) 36608].
Andhra Pradesh Land Encroachment Act, 1905; AP Survey & Boundaries Act, 1923; Section 14; section 13 discussions - [B. N. Manga Devi VS State of Andhra Pradesh, rep. by its Principal Secretary, Revenue Department,Hyderabad. - 2011 0 Supreme(AP) 623]
Tamil Nadu/S&B Act interpretations: Sections 9(2), 13, 14; finality and title implications - [G. Nagarathnam Pillai VS Guruswami Pillai died - 1943 0 Supreme(Mad) 176] [Ramayammal VS Arumugham (Deceased) - 2017 0 Supreme(Mad) 3582]
Writ petitions on encroachment and NOCs; notices and finality; [Sohanlal Jain VS District Collector, Nampally, Hyderabad - 2002 0 Supreme(AP) 778] [S. Suresh Kumar VS Taluk Surveyor, Thoothukudi Taluk - 2016 0 Supreme(Mad) 2131]
General survey authority on private lands; circulars and Board orders; [Muramalla Padmavathi VS State of Andhra Pradesh - 2016 0 Supreme(AP) 64] [Muramalla Padmavathi discussion in Manthena Praveen Kumar, S/o.Subbaraju vs State of Andhra Pradesh, Represented by its Principal Secretary, Revenue Development Department - 2025 Supreme(Online)(AP) 6442]
Interplay of TSLR, Government land vs. private title; finality limits; [Masjid Mohammadia vs State of Telangana - 2024 Supreme(Online)(Tel) 36608] [State Of Andhra Pradesh vs K. Krishnam raju - 2025 0 Supreme(Telangana) 539]
Boundary finality vs. title; Section 14 limitations; [G. Nagarathnam Pillai VS Guruswami Pillai died - 1943 0 Supreme(Mad) 176] [Poonu alias Kondappa Naicker and another VS Marammal and another - 2001 0 Supreme(Mad) 1664]
Adverse possession and limitation interplay with Section 14; [State of Andhra Pradesh represented by the Collector of Kurnool VS Kattubadi Fakiru Bi - Andhra Pradesh (1961)]
Comparative, including Hyderabad Potteries line of authority on TSLR not conclusive; [B. N. Manga Devi VS State of Andhra Pradesh, rep. by its Principal Secretary, Revenue Department,Hyderabad. - 2011 0 Supreme(AP) 623] [State of Madras by Collector of Ramanathapuram at Madurai VS Karuppiah Ambalam - 1958 0 Supreme(Mad) 338]

Note: Where sources do not expressly provide the requested detail for a given subsection, points were omitted. This summary compiles concise, source-backed points focused on Section 13, its interpretation, and its interplay with Sections 9–14 and related jurisprudence.