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2023 Supreme(Chh) 5

IN THE HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR
NARENDRA KUMAR VYAS, J.
Bashir Mohammed S/o Sheikh Daud @ Daddu – Appellant
Versus
Mohammed Saeed S/o Mohammed Saeed – Respondent
M.C.C. No. 6 of 2023, S.A. No. 448 of 2014
Decided On : 05-01-2023

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellants : M.D. Sharma, Aman Sharma.
For the Respondents: Ravish Chandra Agrawal, Anand Kumar Gupta, Anup Majumdar, Vivek Shrivastava.

Headnote:(A) Indian Succession Act, 1925 - Section 58 - Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Sections 100, 6 Rule 17 and 41 Rule 27 - Second appeal seeking declaration of title and possession dismissed by trial court on grounds of limitation and res-judicata - Court affirmed findings of lower court stating the plaintiff couldn't prove ownership of the suit property and that oral gift was permissible under Mohammadan Law - Issue of limitation reversed as trial court did not provide sufficient reasoning for its decision. (Paras 24-51).

(B) Res-Judicata - Applicability considered - Court found that judgments from prior cases do not bind parties not present in those suits. (Para 42).

(C) Gift under Mohammadan law - Court emphasized elements of valid gift (Hiba) including declaration, acceptance, and possession - Findings regarding gift deemed unsupported. (Paras 32-36).

Facts of the case:
The plaintiff claimed ownership over the land in contest, alleging it was wrongfully transferred to the defendant by oral gift. The case revolved around the validity of evidence regarding a deed of gift and the issue of limitation.

Findings of Court:
The trial court found for the defendant but overlooked significant factors concerning the evidence of gift and failed to address the plaintiff’s claims regarding their mental health affecting their ability to file suit.

Issues: Main issues included whether the trial court properly addressed the limitation of action and the validity of the plea of res-judicata considering the parties' previous lack of involvement in earlier judgments.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the lower courts erred in their application of law regarding ownership and limitation. The need for proper evidentiary support for claims of essence in gift transactions was highlighted.

Result: Appeal allowed in part, and remitted to trial court for fresh consideration.

Table of Content
1. mcc filed for correction in previous judgment. (Para 1)
2. court's findings on plaintiff's inability to prove ownership. (Para 8 , 10)
3. court's analysis of res-judicata and its application. (Para 15 , 16)
4. validity of hiba (gift) under mahomedan law. (Para 36 , 41)
5. conclusion and remand for retrial with added documents. (Para 50 , 51)

JUDGMENT :

NARENDRA KUMAR VYAS, J.

1. Today the instant MCC has been filed for correction in paragraph 15 of the judgment dated 2-1-2023 passed by this Court in Second Appeal No. 448 of 2014 (Bashir Mohammed (Died) through LRs. and Others vs. Mohammed Saeed (Died) through LRs. and Others).

2. Perused the judgment passed by this court on 2-1-2023 in Second Appeal No 448 of 2014 wherein Para 15 reads as under:

    “15. Learned trial court after appreciation of the evidence, material on record has recorded a finding that the plaintiff is unable to prove issue No. 1, 6 to 9 in negative against the plaintiff. Learned trial court while deciding issue No. 2 has recorded a finding that the plaintiff is unable to prove the fact that the suit property was purchased by his father in the name of Mohammad Sharif and while deciding issue No. 3, the trial court has recorded a finding that Mohammad Sharif was the owner of the suit property. While deciding issue No. 5 whether present suit is not maintainable because of res-judicata of Civil Suit No. 79A/72, the learned trial court has recorded a finding that both parties have given consent that principle of res-judicata is not applicable in the present facts and circumstances of the case. Learned trial court has also recorded a finding that the application of Section 11 of CPC is the subject matter and the parties and competency of the court and finality of the judgment should exist, but in the present case, none of these facts is not available, therefore, principle of res-judicata is not applicable.”

3. In the last nine lines of the aforesaid Para 15 of the judgment there are some typographical errors which require to be corrected. Accordingly, the same is corrected which reads as under:

    “15. Learned trial court after appreciation of the evidence, material on record has recorded a finding that the plaintiff is unable to prove issue No. 1, 6 to 9 in negative against the plaintiff. Learned trial court while deciding issue No. 2 has recorded a finding that the plaintiff is unable to prove the fact that the suit property was purchased by his father in the name of Mohammad Sharif and while deciding issue No. 3, the trial court has recorded a finding that Mohammad Sharif was the owner of the suit property. While deciding issue No. 5 whether present suit is not maintainable because of res-judicata of Civil Suit No. 79A/72, the learned trial court has recorded a finding that both parties have given consent that principle of res-judicata is not applicable in the present facts and circumstances of the case. “Learned trial court has also recorded a finding that for application of Section 11 of CPC, the subject matter and the parties should be similar, competency of the court and finality of the judgment should exist, but in the present case, none of the facts is available, therefore, principle of res-judicata is not applicable.”

4. The rest of the judgment passed in Second Appeal No. 448 of 2014 on 2-1-2023 shall remain intact.

5. Accordingly, the instant MCC stands disposed of. A copy of this order be retained in the original file of Second Appeal No. 448 of 2014.

6. NIC is directed to delete the earlier uploaded judgment passed in Second Appeal No. 448 of 2014 on 2-1-2023 from the website and after deleting the same, they shall upload the judgment passed in Second Appeal No. 448 of 2014 decided on 2-1-2023 along with order dated 5-1-2023 passed in M.C.C. No 6 of 2023.

S.A. No. 448 of 2014

1. This is plaintiff’s second appeal filed under Section 100 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 against the judgment and decree dated 5-9-2014 passed by the First Additional Dis

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