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2023 Supreme(Guj) 703

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
GITA GOPI, J.
Pradipbhai Labhubhai Dangar – Appellant
Versus
Balwantsinh Harisinh Solanki – Respondents
R/First Appeal No. 1493 of 2023 With R/First Appeal No. 1494 of 2023
Decided on : 11-08-2023

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant : MR MOHSIN M HAKIM
For the Respondent: MS KIRTI S PATHAK

Headnote:(A) Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 - Section 168 - Compensation for personal injury due to motor accident - Tribunal granted inadequate compensation for 100% disability, necessitating enhancement - Court emphasized the need for just compensation in accordance with the principles established in prior case law. (Paras 1-12, 7.29, 12)

(B) Personal Injury Claims - Calculation of compensation should consider notional income, future medical expenses, pain and suffering, loss of amenities, and attendant charges - Compensation should not be a windfall, nor a pittance, but just and reasonable, considering circumstances of the injured. (Paras 4-5, 6-7, 10-10.3)

(C) Court clarified the applicability of multiplier method and inclusion of future prospective income in determining compensation and laid down that actual income combined with a defined increase is necessary to safeguard against depreciation in currency value and ensure fair compensation. (Paras 7.8.6, 7.20)

Facts of the case:
The appeal involves a minor claimant who suffered 100% disability from a motorcycle accident, necessitating substantial medical support and attendant care due to severe functional limitations following the accident on 12.12.2017. The court assessed compensation for various damages suffered as a result of permanent disability, leading to significant life changes for the claimant.

Findings of Court:
The court found the original compensation granted by the Tribunal inadequate and ordered an enhancement based on a thorough assessment of medical evidence, the claimant's needs, and legal precedents to establish appropriate compensation.

Issues: Whether the compensation initially granted reflected a just assessment in light of the claimant's severe disability, and the correctness of the applications of principles from existing case law regarding the evaluation of damages.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that compensation must account for not only past medical expenses but also future needs,pain and suffering, while utilizing a satisfactory multiplier approach, ensuring a realistic recompense for future earning potential along with adequate monthly care charges.

Result: Appeals allowed in part, and total compensation enhanced to Rs. 63,28,009/- with interest at 7.5%.

Table of Content
1. overview of appeals and claims. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. arguments regarding compensation assessment. (Para 4 , 5 , 6)
3. assessment and rationale for compensation. (Para 7)
4. claims for child deaths and dependency losses. (Para 8 , 9 , 10)
5. final judgment on appeals and compensation awarded. (Para 11 , 12)

JUDGMENT :

A] Prelude:

1. The captioned appeals arise out of same set of facts and accident and common judgment and award dated 02.05.2022 passed by the learned Motor Accident Claims Tribunal (Special), Rajkot in Motor Accident Claim Petition Nos. 74 and 75 of 2020 and hence, the same were heard together and are being decided by way of this common judgment.

B] First Appeal No. 1493 of 2023:

2. The First Appeal No. 1493 of 2023 is filed being aggrieved and dissatisfied by the judgment and award in Motor Accident Claim Petition No. 74 of 2018, inter alia contending that the learned Tribunal has committed material illegalities, which has led to gross miscarriage of injustice. The learned Tribunal has not assessed the income of the injured minor claimant as per his academic career. The claimant is totally in bedridden condition and though 100% functional disability has been considered by the Tribunal, the amount under the heads of Future Medical Expenses, Pain, Shock and Suffering does not commensurate with the evidence on record and under other heads, the amount has not been assessed in accordance with the disability sustained by the minor and hence, a prayer is made for enhancement of compensation.

3. The facts suggest that on 12.12.2017 at about 5:30 in the evening on Rajkot – Bhavnagar highway, near Gal-kotadi village, Randhir Mehurbhai Dangar was going on motorcycle bearing registration No. GJ-04-AB-7994 along with his younger brother – Shubham Mehurbhai Dangar as a pillion rider and on their way, had parked their motorcycle on the side of the road, while Pradipbhai Labhubhai Dangar had come to meet them and was standing near them. It is stated that when Randhirbhai Mehurbhai Dangar was about to start his vehicle with the pillion rider, suddenly, one bus bearing registration No. GJ-04-Z-0960 belonging to Bindiya Travels came in full speed, in rash and negligent manner and dashed the motorcycle. In the accident, Randhirbhai and Shubham sustained fatal injuries and died during the course of treatment, whereas, Pradipbhai, who was standing near them, received very serious injuries.

4. Learned advocate Mr. Mohsin M. Hakim for the appellants – claimants submitted that the respondent No. 1 has not examined his driver as a witness nor the insurance company had called the driver of the bus to be examined.

4.1 The learned advocate Mr. Hakim for the appellants has relied upon the decisions of the Hon’ble Supreme Court in i) Kajal v. Jagdish Chand and Others , (2020) 4 SCC 413 , ii) Abhimanyu Partap Singh v. Namita Sekhon and Another , (2022) 8 SCC 489 and iii) Master Ayush v. Branch Manager, Reliance General Insurance Co. Ltd. , 2022 (7) SCC 738 : 2022 (0) AIJEL-SC 68581 and submitted that the Tribunal ought to have granted appropriate compensation in accordance with the proposition of law as laid down in the decision in Kajal (supra), followed in the subsequent decisions.

5. Motor Accident Claim Petition No. 74 of 2018 was filed on behalf of injured Pradipbhai Labhubhai Dangar by his father. The age of the said claimant, at the time of accident, was proved to be 16 years, 08 months, who went in coma after the accident. As per the deposition of his father at exh. 38, his son was studying in standard XII Science Stream. The Bona Fide Certificate was produced at exh. 45, Mark sheet of Standard XI at exh. 46 and a copy of Aadhar Card at exh. 49, which showed his date of birth as 08.04.2001.

5.1 The learned advocate for the appellant submitted that after the accident, the injured minor remained in coma and despite several surger

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