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2025 Supreme(Gau) 1072

IN THE GAUHATI HIGH COURT (HIGH COURT OF ASSAM, NAGALAND, MIZORAM AND ARUNACHAL PRADESH) KOHIMA BENCH 
MANISH CHOUDHURY, J.
Neizelhounuo Thur D/O Khrieliehu Thur - Appellant 
Versus
The State Of Nagaland And 6 Ors - Respondent 
WP(C)182 of 2016
Decided On : 16-05-2025


Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :A. ZHO, TAKA KICHU Advocate
For the Respondent: GOVT ADV NL,

Recruitment criteria cannot be altered after the selection process begins, as it violates principles of fairness and predictability under public service law.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Article 226 - Writ petition challenging the appointment of Secretariat Assistant - Modification of selection criteria after commencement of recruitment process - Initially, selection criteria were set but changed during the selection process, including lowering cut-off marks and altering weightages - Such changes deemed unlawful and arbitrary. (Paras 5, 18, 41-44)

(B) Selection Process - The criteria for selection must remain consistent and cannot be altered midstream, as this contravenes principles of fairness and transparency in public recruitment. The appointment of respondent no. 6 was declared invalid due to constitutional violations. (Paras 41-44, 49)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner challenged the appointment of the respondent no. 6 as a Secretariat Assistant, asserting that the selection process was tainted by arbitrary changes made post-advertisement, which included alterations in scoring criteria and eligibility. Respondent no. 6 was appointed to the post despite the petitioner claiming superior qualifications based on initial selection criteria.

Findings of Court:
The Court found that the changes in selection criteria, particularly the reduction of qualifying marks from 50% to 45% post-examination, were arbitrary and not communicated effectively to all candidates. The illegality in the selection process mandated setting aside the appointment of respondent no. 6.

Issues: The crux of the matter was whether the recruitment criteria could be manipulated post-application phase and whether the petitioner had been unjustly excluded from proper consideration.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court held that modifications to selection criteria during the recruitment process violate principles of fairness and should not be permissible, as established in past judicial precedents regarding recruitment legitimacy.

Result: The writ petition was allowed, and the appointment of respondent no. 6 was quashed, directing the authorities to reconsider the selection based on the original advertised criteria.

Table of Content
1. initial facts of the recruitment process (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10)
2. arguments regarding changes in selection process (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 36)
3. court's observations and analysis of selection criteria changes (Para 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 30 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 44 , 45)
4. legal principles on changing selection rules mid-process (Para 29 , 31 , 37 , 43)
5. final conclusions and directions of the court (Para 46 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 53)

JUDGMENT :

MANISH CHOUDHURY, J.

In this writ petition instituted under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, assail is made to an Order bearing no. G-06/4/A-III[Vol.I][Pt.] dated 03.08.2016 issued under the hand of the Commissioner & Secretary to the Governor, Governor’s Secretariat, Nagaland at Kohima, whereby, the respondent no. 6 has been appointed as a Secretariat Assistant in the establishment of the Governor’s Secretariat, Nagaland, Kohima in the Pay Band – 2 : Rs. 9,300/- – Rs. 34,800/- and Grade Pay : Rs. 4,200/- per month plus all other allowances as are admissible from time to time in Nagaland. Assail is also made to the final results prepared and declared by the Selection Board constituted for the purpose of selecting candidate for appointment to the post of Secretariat Assistant in the establishment of the Governor’s Secretariat, Nagaland, Kohima, pursuant to an Advertisement dated 21.11.2015.

2. The background facts which are relevant and are not in dispute, can be exposited, in brief, at first. The genesis of the lis is traceable to an Advertisement bearing no. G-06/4/A-II/04 dated 21.11.2015 published by the Governor’s Secretariat, Nagaland, Kohima and issued under the hand of the Commissioner & Secretary to the Governor, Nagaland. By the Advertisement dated 21.11.2015, applications were invited for filling up a vacancy in the post of Secretariat Assistant in the establishment in the Governor’s Secretariat, Nagaland, Kohima.

2.1. For ready reference, the contents of the Advertisement dated 21.11.2015 are reproduced hereinbelow in its entirety :-

GOVERNOR’S SECRETARIAT

NAGALAND : KOHIMA

No. G-06/4/A-II/04 Dated Kohima, the 21st November, 2015.

ADVERTISEMENT

Applications are invited in a plain paper giving full curriculum vitae from the serving candidates belonging to Chang, Khiamnuingan, Konyak, Phom, Sangtam and Yimchunger Tribes of State of Nagaland to fill up a post of Secretariat Assistant in the Scale of Pay of Rs. 9,300-34,800, Grade Pay 4,200/- pm [PB-2] under the establishment of Governor’s Secretariat, Nagaland, Kohima.

The application should be addressed to the Commissioner & Secretary to Governor of Nagaland, Governor’s Secretariat, Nagaland, Kohima.

Terms :

· Minimum Qualification : Graduate in any discipline from any recognized University.

· Candidate should have good working knowledge in computers.

· Age : Not less than 21 years as on 31st October, 2015 and not more than 30 years as on 31st October, 2015. Age relaxation of upper limit as per existing policy of the State Government, including those serving in the State Government.

· No Objection Certificate duly signed by the Head of the Department with name and Official seal indicating the date of initial appointment of the candidate is required from applicants already serving in the State Government.

· Candidates who are already in service in the identical Pay Band [PB-29300-34800, Grade Pay 4200/-pm] will be given preference.

· Candidates working on fixed pay are not eligible to apply.

· The date and venue of the written test will be intimated to the shortlisted candidates.

· The applicants are requested to clearly indicate their contact details such as email id, Phone number and proper postal address in their applications. Copies of the relevant documents along with recent passport size photograph to be

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