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2023 Supreme(Raj) 219

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR
SUDESH BANSAL, J.
Manish Kumar Aloria S/o. Shri Kailash Chand Aloria & Ors. - Petitioners
Versus
State of Rajasthan, Through its Secretary, Department of Transport & Ors. - Respondents
S.B. Civil Writ Petition Nos.382, 6161, 7078, 9130, 11493, 12859, 13538, 13928 of 2022
Decided On : 22-02-2023

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Mr. Mirza Faisal Baig with Mr. Govind Gupta, Mr. Ashwinee Kumar Jaiman with Mr. Arjun Singh, Mr. Ram Pratap Saini with Mr. Aamir Khan, Mr. Munesh Bhardwaj.
For the Respondent:Mr. S.S. Raghav, AAG assisted by Mr. Ajay Singh Rajawat, Dr. Ganesh Parihar, AAG assisted by Mr. Sameer Sharma, Mr. Nalin G. Narain with Mr. Arpit Jain for RSSB, Mr. Narendra Singh Chaudhary, Sr. Advocate with Mr. Nikhil Pal Singh, Mr. Vigyan Shah with Mr. Harendra Neel, Mr. Yash Joshi & Mr. Pulkit Bhardwaj.

Headnote:(A) Rajasthan Transport Subordinate Service Rules, 1963 - Section 11 - Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 - Section 213(4) - Recruitment process for Motor Vehicle Sub-Inspector - Petitioners challenged the office order allowing degree holders to compete with diploma holders, asserting violation of statutory qualifications - The court ruled that the office order was issued arbitrarily, changing the recruitment rules mid-process and violating Articles 14 and 16 of the Constitution - The prescribed qualification did not include degree holders and thus, allowing their participation was impermissible. (Paras 10, 18, 54)

(B) Judicial Review - The court emphasized that it cannot legislate qualifications or substitute rules of the recruitment process as determined by the State Government, unless there is a clear statutory basis for equivalence - The principle of equivalence cannot allow for judicial expansion of qualifications. (Paras 50, 52, 54)

Facts of the case:
The petitioners possessing diplomas in automobile/mechanical engineering challenged the order issued by the Rajasthan Staff Selection Board that allowed candidates with higher educational qualifications to apply for the posts under a recruitment process initiated on 24.11.2021. The qualifications prescribed in the advertisement did not include degrees as eligible for the position.

Findings of Court:
The court held that the actions of the respondents, including the issuance of the office order and the opinion of the Department of Personnel, were arbitrary and invalid. The statutory qualifications must be adhered to and degrees in automobile/mechanical engineering cannot be viewed as equivalent to diplomas for the purposes of eligibility in this recruitment.

Issues: Whether degree holders in automobile/mechanical engineering should be allowed to participate in recruitment for the post of Motor Vehicle Sub-Inspector along with diploma holders? Can the jurisprudence of equivalence be applied by the court in this context?

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that qualifications for recruitment cannot be changed during the process, reaffirming that the higher educational qualifications could not be deemed equivalent to the prescribed qualifications outlined in the statutory rules. The principle established through various case laws was reasserted, limiting the scope of judicial interpretation regarding the validity of educational qualifications for public service entry postulations.

Result: Writ petitions allowed. The impugned office order quashed and the recruitment process reinstated strictly according to the qualifications stated in the advertisement.

Table of Content
1. common questions of law and fact arise from recruitment processes. (Para 1 , 2)
2. petitioners argue against the inclusion of higher qualifications. (Para 3 , 5 , 6)
3. clarifies judicial review and equivalency of qualifications. (Para 10 , 11)
4. state's authority to set qualifications for public service roles. (Para 20 , 21)
5. judgment concludes the ineligibility of degree holders for mvsi posts. (Para 54)

JUDGMENT :

1. All these writ petitions referred above involve common questions of law and fact and therefore, as agreed by learned counsel for parties, they have been heard together and are being decided by this common judgment. However, for the sake of convenience, facts as pleaded in SB Civil Writ Petition No.382/2022 have been noticed.

2. The relevant facts under which the spate of controversy in these writ petitions has arisen are that 197 vacant posts of Motor Vehicle Sub-Inspector (hereinafter for-short “MVSI”) to be appointed in the Transport Department of the State of Rajasthan, have been notified vide advertisement No.06/2021 dated 24.11.2021 by the Rajasthan Staff Selection Board (hereinafter for-short “RSSB”). In the advertisement, it has been clearly indicated that such vacant posts are to be filled as per the scheme and procedure, prescribed under the RAJASTHAN TRANSPORT SUBORDINATE SERVICE RULES , 1963 (hereinafter for-short “the Rules of 1963”) and as amended time to time. Soon after issuance of advertisement dated 24.11.2021, a corrigendum advertisement dated 09.12.2021 was published by the RSSB just to substitute earlier published qualification of “3 years Mechanical Engineering/ Automobile Engineering diploma or any qualification declared equivalent by the Central Government/ State Government” with the qualification of “diploma in Automobile Engineering (3 years course) Or diploma in Mechanical Engineering awarded by the State Board of Technical Examination (3 years Course) OR any qualification in either of the above disciplines declared equivalent by the Central Government or State Government.” Soon after publication of amended advertisement dated 09.12.2021, CWP No.382/2022 came to be filed, but thereafter, an Office Order dated 15.12.2021 was issued by the RSSB and by this Order, it has been declared that candidates having higher educational qualification than the above notified qualification will also be able to apply online application forms for the post of MVSI. Immediately, an application to amend CWP No.382/2022, in order to assail the Office Order dated 15.12.2021 was moved and the same was allowed by the Court and therefore, amended writ petition has been filed, seeking to quash the office order dated 15.12.2021 issued by the RSSB. For ready reference, the impugned Office order dated 15.12.2021 is being reproduced hereunder :

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