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2024 Supreme(All) 664

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
SANJAY KUMAR SINGH, J.
Dhananjay Singh and Another – Appellants
Versus
State of Uttar Pradesh – Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 2596 of 2024
Decided On : 27-04-2024

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellants : Sudhir Walia, Saghir Ahmad, Kartikeya Saran, S.P. Singh, Prakash Mani Tripathi, Mohammad Raghib Ali.
For the Respondents: P.C. Srivastava, J.K. Upadhyay, Deepak Mishra, Vikas Sahai, Rabindra Kumar Singh.

The prosecution must provide credible and corroborative evidence beyond reasonable doubt for a conviction; mere unverified claims and hostile testimonies are insufficient.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code - Sections 364, 386, 504, 506, 120-B - Appeal against conviction - Appellants convicted and sentenced to rigorous imprisonment for various offences with fines, sentences to run concurrently - Application for bail and suspension of conviction heard. (Paras 1, 2, 4, 20)

(B) The trial court committed an error in convicting the appellants despite the prosecution witnesses turning hostile and substantial evidence being lacking - Allegations lacked corroboration and elements of mens rea and actus reus were not established as per the statutory requirements. (Paras 14.1, 17.1, 17.2)

Facts of the case:
On 10.05.2020, the appellants were accused of attempting to forcefully supply inferior construction materials to a project, as per a filed FIR alleging threats. The complainant later retracted his statements claiming coercion. (Paras 4, 6, 11, 15.4)

Findings of Court:
The investigation revealed significant flaws including hostile witness testimonies, absence of corroborative evidence, and faulty electronic evidence management, leading to the implication of the appellants being unfounded. (Paras 17.1, 17.6, 18)

Issues: Whether the conviction was justified given the hostility of crucial eyewitnesses and lack of substantive proof against the appellants. (Paras 16, 17.2)

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the need for credible evidence to sustain a conviction, rejecting uncorroborated claims in the backdrop of a hostile complainant and witnesses, concluding that the trial court acted beyond acceptable judicial standards. (Paras 17.4, 40)

Result: Appeal allowed; the conviction and sentence were stayed pending further proceedings.

Table of Content
1. conviction details and context of appeal (Para 1 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 8 , 9)
2. appeal challenges trial court's conviction based on inadequate evidential support. (Para 2)
3. defense argues lack of evidence and political motivation (Para 14)
4. state presents evidence supporting prosecution (Para 15)
5. court's considerations for suspension of sentence (Para 16 , 17 , 20)
6. final conclusion on appeal and bail decision (Para 18 , 41)
7. court emphasized need for substantive evidence linking to conviction. (Para 19)

ORDER :

INDEX

Contents

Conviction

Conviction details

Relief

Brief facts

Submissions on behalf of the appellants

Submissions on behalf of the State

Issue

Discussion & Conclusion about suspension of sentence

Discussion & Conclusion about stay of conviction

In Re: Criminal Misc. Application (For Suspension of Sentence) Under Section 389 (1) Cr.P.C. No. 02 of 2024

1. The above mentioned appeal under Section 374(2) Cr.P.C. has been preferred by the appellants-Dhananjay Singh and Santosh Vikram Singh against the judgment of conviction dated 05.03.2024 and order of sentence dated 06.03.2024 passed by learned Additional Sessions Judge-IV/Special Judge, MP/MLA, Jaunpur in Sessions Trial No. 109 of 2020 ( State Vs. Dhananjay Singh and Another ) arising out of Case Crime No. 142 of 2020, Police Station Line Bazar, District Jaunpur, convicting and sentencing the appellants as under:

    (a) Seven years’ rigorous imprisonment and fine of Rs. 50,000/- for the offence under Section 364 I.P.C. and in default of payment of fine, four months’ additional imprisonment.

    (b) Five years' rigorous imprisonment and fine of Rs. 25,000/- for the offence under Section 386 I.P.C. and in default of payment of fine, three months' additional imprisonment.

    (c) One year's rigorous imprisonment and fine of Rs. 10,000/- for the offence under Section 504 I.P.C. and in default of payment of fine, one month's additional imprisonment.

    (d) Two years’ rigorous imprisonment and fine of Rs. 15,000/- for the offence under Section 506 I.P.C. and in default of payment of fine, forty five days’ additional imprisonment.

    (e) Seven years’ rigorous imprisonment and fine of Rs. 50,000/- for the offence under Section 120-B I.P.C. and in default of payment of fine, four months’ additional imprisonment.

However, the sentences were ordered to run concurrently.

Relief

2. By means of this application No. 02 of 2024, a prayer has been made to stay the operation and effect of the judgment of conviction dated 05.03.2024 and order of sentence dated 06.03.2024 of the appellants and enlarge them on bail during pendency of this Criminal Appeal before this Court.

3. Heard Shri Sudhir Walia, learned Senior counsel, Shri Saghir Ahmad learned Senior counsel assisted by Shri Kartikay Saran, Shri S.P. Singh, Shri Prakash Mani Tripathi and Shri Mohammad Raghib Ali, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the appellants and Shri P.C. Srivastava, learned Additional Advocate General assisted by Shri J.K. Upadhyay, Shri Deepak Mishra, Shri Vikas Sahai and Shri Rabindra Kumar Singh, learned Additional Government Advocate representing the State.

Brief facts

4. The emanation of facts giving rise to the present Criminal Appeal as per prosecution case are that on 10.05.2022 at about 10:40 PM, an FIR was lodged by Shri Abhinav Singhal, complainant/informant (PW-1/CW-1), verbatim whereof is quoted here-under:

    “Sir, with due respect, I would like to inform you that last couple of weeks back I have got random call from (8948320530) & Vikram Singh (9415905703) regarding to meet Mr. Dhananjay Singh. Once I have meet with him before Holi with Dhananjay Singh ji at his home but his phone started again on 04.05.2020. Surprise to note that today Mr. Vikram singh has visit our site and forcely with his two person captured and taken to me at Dhananjay Singh ji house when I reached. Dhananjay Singh ji came with his black colour pistol and using abusing words his intention

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