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2022 Supreme(MP) 28

IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH
Sujoy Paul and Arun Kumar Sharma,JJ.
Durga Pandey (Dr.) v. State of M.P. & Others
Writ Petition No. 1299 of 2022 (Jabalpur); Decided on 10.2.2022

Advocates:
Aditya Sanghi for petitioner; Pradeep Singh, Government Advocate for respondents/State.

Headnote:

(1) Constitution of India – Article 226 -- writ of mandamus --petitioner submitted her candidature and participated in counselling -- did not challenge non-inclusion of Primary Health Centre, Dagdiha in order dated 28.2.2019 -- issuance of mandamus will amount to rewriting policy decision or Government order. 2022 (1) JLJ 358 relied on. [Para 12]

(2) Medical Council of India Post Graduate Medical Education Regulations, 2000 -- Reg. 9 (1) - in-service candidate -- Government order dated 28.2.2019 provides additional marks to in-service candidates if their Primary Health Centreis situated in rural/remote or difficult area more than 25 kms from headquarter of Nagar Nigam -- petitioner participated in selection process/counselling knowing fully well that her place of posting is not covered in order dated 28.2.2019 -- after first round of counselling, assailed decision of Government in not including PHC, Dagdiha for purpose of giving additional marks to medical officer posted therein -- held -- if governing provision is known to candidate and despite that he/she participates in selection process, then after becoming unsuccessful or getting disadvantageous position he/she cannot raise eyebrows against provision at later stage -- petitioner cannot be permitted to seek amendment/modification in governing order dated 28.2.2019 for inclusion of PHC, Dagdiha. 1986 (Supp.) SCC 285, (2011) 1 SCC 150, (2010) 12 SCC 576, (2013) 11 SCC 309 and (2019) 10 SCC 34 followed. 2022 (1) JLJ 328 relied on. (2021) 6 SCC 568 referred to. [Para 13]

(3) Estoppel -- after having participated in the selection/counselling process (before commencement of which petitioner did not raise any objection for non-inclusion of her Primary Health Centre), petitioner cannot be permitted to say that non-inclusion of her PHC is bad in law -- petitioner is bound by principles of estoppel/waiver. 1986 (Supp.) SCC 285, (2011) 1 SCC 150, (2010) 12 SCC 576, (2013) 11 SCC 309 and (2019) 10 SCC 34 followed. [Para 20]

¼1½ Òkjr dk lafoèkku & vuqPNsn 226 & ijekns'k fjV & ;kph us viuh vH;fFkZrk ÁLrqr dh rFkk ijke'kZ esa Hkkx fy;k & vkns'k fnukad 28-2-2019 esa ÁkFkfed dsUæ] nxMhgk lfEefyr ugha fd, tkus ij vk{ksi ugha fd;k & ijekns'k tkjh djuk uhfr fo"k;d fofu'p; ;k ljdkjh vkns'k ds iquysZ[ku dh dksfV esa vk,xkA 2022 ¼1½ ts ,y ts 328 voyafcrA ¼iSjk 12½
¼2½ Hkkjrh; vk;qfoZKku ifj"kn~ LukrdksÙkj fpfdRlk f'k{kk fofu;e] 2000 & fofu;e 9¼1½ & lsokjr vH;FkhZ & ljdkjh vkns'k fnukad 28-2-2019 esa lsokjr vH;fFkZ;ksa dks] ;fn mudk ÁkFkfed LokLF; dsUæ uxj fuxe ds eq[;ky; ls 25 fdeh ls vf/kd nwj xzkeh.k@nwjLFk ;k dfBu {ks= esa fLFkr gks rks] vfrfjDr vad micaf/kr ;kph us p;u ÁfØ;k@ijke'kZ esa ;g Hkyh&Hkkafr tkurs gq, Hkkx fd;k fd mldh inLFkh dk LFkku vkns'k fnukad 28-2-2019 ds varxZr ugha vkrk & ijke'kZ ds ÁFke nkSj ds i'pkr~ ihŒ,pŒlhŒ nxMhgk esa inLFk fpfdRlk vf/kdkjh dks vfrfjDr vad nsus ds Á;kstukFkZ mls lfEefyr ugha djus ds ljdkj ds fofu'p; ij vk{ksi fd;k & vfHkfu/kkZfjr & ;fn vH;FkhZ dks fofu;ked mica/k Kkr gS rFkk mlds ckotwn og p;u ÁfØ;k esa Hkkx ysrk@ysrh gS] rks vlQy gksus vFkok vfgrdj LFkku ÁkIr djus ij og mica/k ij ckn esa vkifRr ugha dj ldrk@ldrh & ;kph dks ihŒ,pŒlhŒ nxMhgk lfEefyr djkus ds fy, fofu;ked vkns'k fnukad 28-2-2019 esa la'kks/ku@mikarj.k dh bZIlk djus ugha fn;k tk ldrkA 1986 ¼lIyhŒ½ ,l lh lh 285] ¼2011½ 11 ,l lh lh 150] ¼2010½ 12 ,l lh lh 576] ¼2013½ 11 ,l lh lh 309 rFkk ¼2019½ 10 ,l lh lh 34 vuqlfjrA 2022 ¼1½ ts ,y ts 328 voyafcrA ¼2021½ 6 ,l lh lh 568 fufnZ"VA ¼iSjk 13½
¼3½ foca/k & p;u ijke'kZ ÁfØ;k esa Hkkx ysus ds i'pkr~ ¼ftlds vkjaHk ds iwoZ ;kph us vius ÁkFkfed LokLF; dsUæ dks lfEefyr ugha djus ij dksbZ vkifRr ugha dh½] ;kph dks ;g dgus ugha fn;k tk ldrk fd mlds ihŒ,pŒlhŒ dks lfEefyr ugha djuk fof/k dh n`f"V ls nks"kiw.kZ gS & ;kph foca/k@vf/kR;tu ds fl)karksa ls vkc) gSA 1986 ¼lIyhŒ½ ,l lh lh 285] ¼2011½ 1 ,l lh lh 150] ¼2010½ 12 ,l lh lh 576] ¼2013½ 11 ,l lh lh 309 rFkk ¼2019½ 10 ,l lh lh 34 vuqlfjrA ¼iSjk 20½

Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - The petitioner participated in counselling without challenging non-inclusion of PHC, Dagdiha in the 28-02-2019 order; court held that challenging the policy at this stage would amount to rewriting the policy decision. (!) (!) - After participating in counselling and becoming unsuccessful, the petitioner cannot seek amendment/modification to include Dagdiha in the governing order; estoppel/waiver applies. (!) (!) (!) - The government policy decision in the 28-02-2019 order granting incentive marks to in-service candidates is not to be lightly disturbed and cannot be rewritten by the court; policy decisions are within the domain of the State Government. (!) (!) - The court dismissed the petition, finding the petitioner’s grievance devoid of substance as a result of participation in the process and non-challenge to the order earlier. (!) (!) (!)

What is the effect of participating in counselling or selection processes on challenges to policy decisions or governing orders?

What are the consequences of non-challenge to a governing order (28.2.2019) before participation in counselling for an in-service candidate seeking additional marks?

What is the court's stance on re-writing or modifying government policy through writ jurisdiction in the context of incentive/additional marks for in-service candidates?


ORDER

Paul, J. -- 1. The petitioner, a Medical Officer, working in Primary Health Centre, (PHC) Dagdiha, District Satna (M.P.) filed this petition under Article 226 of the Constitution seeking writ of mandamus commanding the respondents to treat the petitioner as in-service candidate.

2. During the pendency of the petition, an amendment application was filed whereby the legality, validity and propriety of order dated 19.1.2022 (Annexure P/7) was also called in question. In addition, a mandamus is prayed for to include Dagdiha Primary Health Centre (PHC) in appendix (II) of order dated 28.2.2019 (Annexure P/5). The order dated 19.1.2022 (Annexure P/7) is called in question whereby PHC, Dagdiha was not treated to be more than 25 kms from Satna Municipal Corporation’s Headquarter.

3. In short, the admitted facts between the parties are that petitioner while working as Medical Officer in the said PHC was declared as open category candidate. During the course of hearing, Shri Aditya Sanghi fairly submitted that the relief 7(i) and 7(ii) of the petition for treating her as inservice candidate has rendered infructuous because department pursuant to a different order passed by this Court, has treated the petitioner as in-service candidate. The only grievance subsist is regarding non grant of additional marks/incentive which is based on the assumption of distance between said two places founded upon a Google Map.

4. Shri Aditya Sanghi, learned counsel for the petitioner by placing reliance on document dated 22.11.2021 (Annexure P/2) issued by Chief Medical & Health Officer (CMHO), District Satna, urged that the distance between PHC, Dagdiha and Nagar Nigam Satna is approximately 28 kms. The order dated 28.2.2019 (Annexure P/5) issued by the Government makes it clear that in-service candidates are entitled to get additional marks if their PHC is situated in a rural/remote or difficult area which is situated more than 25 kms from Headquarter of Nagar Nigam. Reliance is placed on Clause (2)(, )(II) of the order dated 28.2.2019. The other eligibility conditions, submits Shri Sanghi, are not relevant for the present petitioner.

5. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the petitioner had already appeared in the first round of counselling. She is entitled to get a seat of M.S. (Gynecology) or M.D. (Medicine) provided additional marks are given to her as per order dated 28.2.2019 (Annexure P/5). This Court passed an interim order on 19.1.2022 directing the respondents to take a decision on the eligibility of petitioner in the teeth of circular dated 28.2.2019 by taking into account the document dated 22.11.2019 (Annexure P/2) issued by the CMHO. In turn, the respondents passed the impugned order dated 19.1.2022 (Annexure P/7) and rejected the claim of petitioner by holding that :-

(i) The distance between PHC, Dagdiha and headquarter of Nagar Nigam, Satna as per Google Map is less than 25 km, i.e. 20.8 km.

(ii) In the appendix of Government order dated 28.2.2019, the name of PHC, Dagdiha is not included.

(iii) The petitioner never preferred any representation for inclusion of PHC, Dagdiha in relevant appendix of order dated 28.2.2019, (Annexure P/5).

6. Shri Sanghi, learned counsel for the petitioner submits that para-8 of the impugned order dated 19.1.2022 shows that there are three measurements of the said distance by three authorities/bodies. The CMHO, as noticed, has opined that distance between said two places is 28 km, as per Google Map, it is 20.8 km and as per another report, it is 26 km (via Satna -Simariya). It is urged that it is not safe to rely on Google Map. It normally reflects the aerial distance. The reliance is placed on paper cutting of the Indian Express, January 31, 2022 (Annexure P/10), which reflects that while speaking at a programme, Surveyor General of India stated that the Google Maps are used by low end application with a confined accuracy, while the Survey of India Maps are used for high engineering a

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