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2025 Supreme(MP) 255

IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH AT GWALIOR
G. S. AHLUWALIA, J.
The State Of Madhya Pradesh And Others - Appellant 
Vs 
Punjab Singh - Respondent 
RP No. 750 of 2025
Decided On : 20-08-2025

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant :Shri S.S. Kushwaha - Govt. Advocate
For the Respondent:Shri P.C. Chandil - Advocate

A liberal approach is essential in condoning delays, particularly for government bodies, ensuring that procedural delays do not hinder substantial justice.

Headnote:(A) Indian Limitation Act, 1963 - Section 5 - Condonation of delay - Review petition filed after 128 days - Sufficient cause demonstrated by State for delay in filing - Courts must adopt a liberal and justice-oriented approach in condoning delays, especially considering public interest and the procedural nature of government functioning. (Paras 3, 12, 37)

(B) Judicial Discretion - Condonation of delay is discretionary and should depend on the sufficiency of the cause shown, length of delay is not always decisive. (Paras 30, 38)

Facts of the case:
The State of Madhya Pradesh appealed against the decision of the High Court regarding the condonation of delay in filing a review petition, which was allowed based on delays attributed to procedural inefficiencies within the bureaucracy. The petitioner sought condonation of a 128-day delay, arguing it was not deliberate or intentional.

Findings of Court:
The Court upheld the High Court's order permitting the condonation of delay, stating the reasons were sufficient and not arbitrary, emphasizing the importance of a pragmatic approach to ensure substantial justice.

Issues: The key questions addressed were whether sufficient cause was shown for the delay and whether the High Court's discretion in allowing the condonation was exercised appropriately.

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that a liberal approach should be taken in matters of condonation to prevent the miscarriage of justice due to technical delays, asserting that governmental processes inherently involve delays. The High Court’s decision was not deemed erroneous and thus upheld.

Result: Condonation of delay allowed.

Table of Content
1. application for condonation of delay (Para 1 , 2)
2. steps to justify delay in filing review (Para 3 , 4)
3. respondent's opposition and arguments presented (Para 5 , 6)
4. judicial precedents on delay and sufficient cause (Para 7 , 8)
5. liberal approach in condonation of delay (Para 9 , 10)
6. court's analysis and observations on delay (Para 11 , 12 , 13 , 14)
7. condonation of delay allowed by court (Para 15 , 16)
8. hearing on merits initiated (Para 17 , 18 , 19)

JUDGMENT :

G. S. AHLUWALIA, J.

Heard on I.A. No. 3243/2025, an application for condonation of delay.

2. This review petition has been filed with a delay of 128 days.

3. Paragraphs 2 to 6 of I.A. No. 3243/2025 read as under:-

"(2) That, the order was passed on 18.11.2024 thereafter the authority approaches in the office of Additional Advocate General Gwalior for its legal opinion, which was given on 05.12.2024 dispatched on 06.12.2024. It is not out of place to mention here that as per legal opinion, the Department was required to take permission from the Law Department or from the Advocate General for filing the review petition. The permission from the Forest Department was given to file review on 16.01.2025, but because the permission from the Law Department has not been given, therefore, again request has been made to prepare the review. So in pursuance to the letter, again the legal opinion was given on 28.01.2025 and informed to the Forest Department to take permission either from the Advocate General or from the Law Department. Accordingly, the Advocate General has given the permission on 12.03.2025, which has been received subsequently on 13.03.2025. After receipt of permission from the Advocate General, the matter has been placed before the office of Additional Advocate General Gwalior for preparing the review, but on account of non-availability of certain documents as well as original record, it could not be immediately prepared, however it has been prepared after receipt of certain copies of original record. So the delay in filing the review petition is not deliberate and intentional and thus it deserves to be condoned.

(3) That, there is certain delay in filing the application as well as review petition is 128 days, which is based on bona-fide hence same deserves to be condoned. Thus the Hon’ble Supreme Court has categorically held in the case of Executive Engineer Antiyur Town Vs. G. Arumgun (D) by LRs reported in 2015 (3) SCC 569 and delay may kindly be condoned in the interest of justice if that delay is procedural on as under:-

“4. As held by this Court in State of Nagaland Vs. Lipok AO and Others, the court must always take a justice-oriented approach while considering an application for condonation of delay. If the court is convinced that there had been an attempt on the part of the government officials or public servants to defeat justice by causing delay, the court, in view of the larger public interest, should take a lenient view in such situations, condone the delay, howsoever huge may be the delay, and have the matter decided on merits.”

(4) That, in the case of Government of NCT of Delhi Vs. Sushil Kumar Gupta & Ors reported in 2023 (5) SCC 650, the Hon’ble Apex Court held that:-

“2. It is true that there is a huge delay in preferring the appeal which is vehemently opposed by Shri Neeraj Kishan Kaul, learned Senior Advocate appearing on behalf of the contesting respondent(s)- original writ petitioner, however, taking into consideration the other similar orders passed by different benches in condoning such delay in preferring the appeal challenging the order(s) passed by the very High Court declaring that the acquisition is lapsed under Section 24(2) of the Act, 2013 and taking into consideration the fact that while passing the impugned judgment and order the High Court has relied upon and/or followed the earlier decision of this Court in the case of Pune Municipal Corporation and Anr. Vs. Harakchand Misirimal Solanki and Ors., reported in

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