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Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015

(Updated in 2025) [As Amended by S. R. O. No. 472/2025 published in K. G. Ext. No. 1561 dt. 24/04/2025 - Amendments in Rule 14(1A) S. R. O. No. 258/2025 Published in K. G. Ext. No. 931 dt. 11/03/2025 - Amendments in Rule 7, Rule 13(1), SCHEDULE I S. R. O. No. 161/2025 Published in K. G. Ext. No. 543 dt. 14/02/2025 - Amendments in Rule 2(1)(iii)(a), Rule 2(1)(vi)(a), CHAPTER VIIIA S. R. O. No. 456/2023 dt. 31/03/2023 -Amendments in Rule 2 (1), Rule 2 (iv), Rule (iv a), Rule 2(xv), Rule 2(xvia), 2(xviii), Rule 3(1), Rule 4(2) (d) (e), Rule 7, Rule 9(1), 9(2), Rule 10 (b), 10(q) (r), Rule 11, Rule 12, Rule 13, Rule 14 (2) , Rule 14(3), Rule 14(4), Rule 14(5), Rule 14(6) to (12), Rule 27(2) (a) (c) (g), Rule 32 (1a), Rule 33(1), 33(2), Rule 39 (2), Rule 39(4), Rule 40(1), Rule 40 (2), Rule 40(3), Rule 43(1), Rule 44, Rule 51 (1), Rule 51(2), Rule 54 (1), 54(2), 54(6), Rule 55 (ii) (vi), Rule 56 (1), Rule 56 (2), Rule 59(1) , Rule 62 (1) 62(5), Rule 67 (6), Rule 68 (1), 68(2) , Rule 69 (1

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S.Rule 88A Submission of Drone-LiDAR Survey report.--

- (1) After scrutiny of the documents and site inspection, the applicant for quarrying permit or quarrying lease shall submit the Drone -LiDAR survey report regarding the reserve of the mineral in the applied area as estimated by the Competent Agency prior to the grant of Letter of Intent:

Provided that, if the applied area is not virgin, the extracted quantity shall also be included in the Drone - LiDAR survey report.

(2). Quarrying permit holders and quarrying lease holders, including the existing quarrying permission holders, shall submit the Drone -LiDAR survey report at the time of submission of scheme of mining and mine closure plan or any other situation as
warranted by the competent authority:

Provided that, if the competent authority insists for Drone -LiDAR Survey in a situation other than scheme or progressive/final mining closure plan submission, it shall be with the prior approval of the Government.

(3). Notwithstanding anything contained


Legal Commentary on Section Rule 88A of the Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015

Introduction

Section Rule 88A of the Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015, pertains to the regulation of minor mineral concessions, specifically addressing the procedures and conditions related to the transportation, storage, and sale of minor minerals, including provisions for penalties and enforcement. It forms part of the comprehensive framework enacted by the Kerala government under the powers conferred by the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957, and aims to regulate illegal mining, transportation, and trade of minor minerals within the state.

What does Section Rule 88A Say

Section Rule 88A establishes the authority and procedures for the issuance of permits, transit passes, and licenses for the transportation and storage of minor minerals. It prescribes the conditions under which such permits can be granted, the process of application, and the penalties for contravention. It also delineates the powers of authorities to inspect, seize, and prosecute violations related to the illegal movement of minor minerals, emphasizing compliance with statutory provisions and environmental safeguards.

Essential Ingredients

  • Application process: The rule mandates that permit or transit passes must be obtained from authorized officers before transportation or storage.
  • Authorized officers: Defined as District Geologists, Assistant Geologists, or any officers authorized by the government under Rule 2(ii).
  • Permit and transit pass issuance: The process involves inspection, verification of documents, and payment of applicable royalties.
  • Conditions for permits: Includes compliance with environmental regulations, payment of royalties, and adherence to safety standards.
  • Penalties and enforcement: The rule provides for seizure of unauthorized minerals, vehicles, and equipment, along with penalties such as fines or imprisonment.
  • Inspection and investigation: The authorities are empowered to conduct inspections, verify compliance, and take corrective actions.
  • Appeals and review: Provisions for appeals against orders of refusal or cancellation are included, ensuring due process.
  • Illicit transportation: Clear stance that unauthorized movement or storage without permits is punishable under the rule.
  • Environmental safeguards: Emphasizes that permits are contingent upon compliance with environmental clearance and regulations.

Scope of Section Rule 88A

The rule applies to all entities involved in the transportation, storage, or sale of minor minerals within Kerala, including contractors, traders, and government agencies. It covers both legal and illicit activities, aiming to prevent illegal mining and trade. It also extends to inter-state movement of minerals, requiring compliance with transit regulations and permits issued by authorities. The scope includes enforcement actions against violations, seizures, and penalties under the provisions of the Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015, and related statutes.

Punishment for Violations

Violations under Rule 88A attract penalties such as:- Fines: Imposed for illegal transportation, storage, or non-compliance with permit conditions.- Imprisonment: For serious contraventions, including illicit mining or transportation without permits.- Seizure and confiscation: Of minerals, vehicles, tools, and equipment used in illegal activities.- Legal proceedings: Initiated under the Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015, and the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957.- Appeals: Available to aggrieved parties under prescribed procedures.

Legal Comments

This concise legal commentary highlights the scope, provisions, and judicial backing of Section Rule 88A under the Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015, emphasizing the importance of lawful permits, environmental compliance, and strict penalties to regulate minor mineral activities effectively.

S.Rule 36 Boundaries below the surface.--

The boundaries of the area covered by a quarrying lease shall run vertically downwards below the surface towards the centre of the earth.


S.Rule 37 Restriction on the area of quarrying lease.--

(1) The area under the quarrying lease shall be a contiguous unit and shall not be less than one hectare:
Provided that in the case of renewal of quarrying lease the restrictions in minimum area shall not be applicable.

8[Provided further that in the case of silica sand, the restrictions in minimum area for grant and renewal of quarrying lease shall not be applicable.]

(2) No lessee shall ordinarily hold in the aggregate more than 2 square kilometres of area under lease in respect of one minor mineral within the State of Kerala.


S.Rule 39 Period of quarrying lease.--

(1) The minimum period for which a lease may be granted shall be five years.

(2) The maximum period for which a lease may be granted shall be 1[twelve]years;

(3) In the case of renewal of a quarrying lease, the dead rent, royalty and surface rent shall be charged at the rates in force at the time of renewal and also at the rates in the amendments made in these rules from time to time;

(4) A quarrying lease may be renewed for a period not exceeding 2[15] years subject to the condition that the renewal shall not be for a period exceeding the period for which lease was originally granted.


S.Rule 40 Conditions of quarrying lease.--

(1) Every quarrying lease shall be subject to the following conditions and/or any other conditions that may be imposed by the competent authority and such conditions shall be incorporated in every quarrying lease deed,-

 (a) the lessee shall report to the competent authority, the discovery in the leased area of any mineral not specified in the lease within fifteen days of such discovery;

 (b) if any mineral not specified in the lease is discovered in the leased area, the lessee shall not win or dispose of such mineral unless a separate lease is obtained therefore under the relevant rules and if he fails to apply for such a lease within six months from the discovery of the mineral, the Government may grant a lease in respect of such minerals to any other person;

 (c) the lessee shall pay to the Government royalty on any mineral moved out of the lease hold at the rates specified in Schedule I 1[x x x x]

 (d)&nb

S.Rule 41 Rights of lessee.--

Subject to the conditions mentioned in Rule 40, the lessee with respect to the land leased to him, shall have the right for the purpose of mining operations on that land-

 (a) to work the mines;

 (b) to sink pits and shafts and construct building and roads;

 (c) to erect plant and machinery;

 (d) to quarry and obtain buildings and road materials and to make bricks, but not for sale;

 (e) to use water;

 (f) to use land for stacking purposes;

 (g) to do any other thing specified in the lease.


S.Rule 42 Security Deposit.--

(1) An applicant for quarrying lease shall before the deed referred to in Rule 43 is executed, deposit as security a sum of ten thousand rupees per hectare for all minor minerals (except dimension stones) only for the due observance of the terms and conditions of the lease.

(2) In the case of dimension stones the security deposit shall be twenty thousand rupees per hectare. The security amount shall be refundable on the expiry of period of lease after deducting penalties, if any;

(3) The security deposit shall be remitted to the credit of the State Government to the remittance head of account as the Government may by special order specify in this regard;

(4) The security deposit stipulated in this rule is in addition to the financial guarantee mentioned in Rule 62.


S.Rule 43 Lease to be executed within six months.--

(1) Where a quarrying lease is granted, a lease deed in Form H shall be executed within six months of 1[the order granting lease] or within such further period as the Government or the competent authority may allow in this behalf, and if no such lease deed is executed within the said period due to any default on the part of the applicant, the Government or the competent authority may revoke the order granting the lease, and in that event the application fee shall be forfeited to the Government.

(2) The date of commencement of the period for which a quarrying lease is granted shall be the date on which the deed is executed under sub-rule (1) and the quarrying shall be started only after registration of quarrying lease deed under Rule 44.


S.Rule 44 Registration of quarrying leases.--

All quarrying leases granted under this chapter shall be registered in accordance with the provisions of the Indian Registration Act, 1908 (Central Act 16 of 1908).

1[Provided that in any case or class of cases where the lessor is of the opinion that the entries in the lease deed should be changed for the purposes such as enhancement of quantity of production, the period of lease or any other rectification in the lease deed, the lessor may do so by executing rectification deed in that respect. Such deed shall be registered under the Indian Registration Act, 1908.]


S.Rule 45 Transfer of quarrying lease.--

(1) The lessee shall not transfer the quarrying lease to any other person without obtaining previous sanction of the Government or competent authority.

(2) The lessee shall apply to the competent authority for transfer of lease, along with a fee of ten thousand rupees.

(3) The transfer deed shall be executed in Form E within three months of the date of sanction of transfer.


S.Rule 45A 12[Amalgamation of quarrying leases.--

The State Government or the competent authority may, in the interest of quarry development, with reasons to be recorded in writing, permit amalgamation of two or more adjoining leases held by a lessee:

Provided that the period of amalgamated leases shall be co-terminus with the lease of which period will expire first:

Provided further that the leaseholds to be amalgamated shall be contiguous:

Provided also that along with the application for amalgamation of leases, copy of the survey map of the combined area for amalgamation attested by an officer not below the rank of a Tahsildar of the Department of Land Revenue or Assistant Director of the Department of Survey and Land Records shall be submitted:

Provided also that amalgamation of leases shall be subject to submission of approved mining plan for the entire leasehold and Environmental Clearance.] 


S.Rule 46 Responsibility for implementing the labour laws.--

The lessee shall be responsible for implementing the provisions of the various labour laws applicable, from time to time, to the quarry:

Provided that where the lease or any right, title or interest therein has been assigned, sublet or transferred as provided in Rule 45, then the person in whose favour such assignment, sub-lease or transfer has been made shall be responsible for implementing the provisions of the various labour laws applicable, from time to time, to the quarry
  


S.Rule 47 Rights to determine the lease.--

The lessee may terminate the lease at any time by giving not less than six months' notice in writing to the Government or the competent authority after paying all outstanding dues to the State Government.


S.Rule 48 Register of quarrying lease.--

(1) A register of applications for quarrying leases shall be maintained by the competent authority in Form I.

(2) A register of quarrying lease shall be maintained by the competent authority in Form J.


S.Rule 50 Cancellation of quarrying lease.--

If the Government or competent authority under these rules has reason to believe that the lease granted is in contravention of provisions of any other law or the lessee has violated any of the conditions subject to which the lease is granted, the Government or the competent authority may, after giving the lessee an opportunity of being heard, direct him not to undertake any quarrying operations in the area of the lease and may cancel the lease and in such cases the quarried materials lying on the land from which they are extracted shall become the absolute property of the Government. In such an event, all the royalties and rents paid in advance or part thereof that may stand to the credit of the lessee shall also be forfeited to Government:

Provided that where the competent authority is of the opinion that it is expedient in the interest of regulation of quarries and mineral development, preservation of natural environment, control of floods, prevention of pollution or to avo

S.Rule 51 Refusal for renewal of quarrying lease.--

1[(1)] Where an applicant for renewal of quarrying lease is convicted for illegal quarrying, and there are no interim orders of any Court of law suspending the operation of the order of such conviction in appeals pending against such conviction in any Court of law, the Government or the competent authority may, after giving such applicant an opportunity of being heard and for reasons to be recorded in writing and communicated to the applicant, refuse to renew such quarrying lease.

2[(2) In any case or class of cases where any amount is due to Government from any person/ firm/ association/ company on account of mining of minor minerals from any land, no mineral concession under these rules shall be granted/ renewed in the said land to any person/ firm/ company/ association and no mineral concession under these Rules shall be granted/ renewed to such person/ firm/ company/ association in any land in the State unless all dues are cleared.]


S.Rule 52 Pending application for quarrying lease.--

Applications for the grant or renewal of the quarrying leases pending at the commencement of these rules shall be disposed of in accordance with the provisions of these rules.  


S.Rule 53 Mining Plan as a pre-requisite for the grant of quarrying permit or quarrying lease.--

Except as provided for in the proviso to sub-rule (1) of Rule 9, no quarrying permit or lease shall be granted by the Government or the competent authority unless there is a Mining Plan duly approved by the competent authority.


S.Rule 54 Mining Plan to be prepared by a Recognised Qualified Person.--

(1) No mining plan shall be approved unless it is prepared by a qualified person recognised in this behalf by the Government or the Director of Mining and Geology or 1[by a person who possesses a valid certificate of recognition as qualified person to prepare mining plan issued by Indian Bureau of Mines]

(2) No person shall be recognised by the Government or the Director of Mining and Geology for preparation of mining plan unless he is below 70 years of age and holds,-

 (i) a degree in Mining Engineering or a post-graduate degree in Geology 2[or Applied Geology or Marine Geology or any equivalent degree] granted by a University or any institutions recognised by the University Grants Commission established under Section 4 of the University Grants Commission Act, 1956 (Central Act 3 of 1956) or any equivalent qualification granted by any University or institution outside India; and

 (ii)  professional experience of five y

S.Rule 55 Submission of mining plan and its approval..--

On receipt of the application for grant of quarrying permit or lease for undertaking quarrying operations the competent authority shall take decision regarding the precise area to be granted for the said purpose and communicate such decision to the applicant and on receipt of such communication, the applicant shall submit a mining plan for the approval and the said mining plan shall include,-

 (i) (a) plan of the precise area showing the nature and extent of the mineral deposit clearly showing the spot or spots where the excavation is to be done in the first five year in the case of quarrying lease; or for the entire period in the case of quarrying permit.

  (b)  a detailed cross-section and detailed plan of spots of excavation;

  (c) a tentative scheme of quarrying for the second five year period of the quarrying lease;

 (ii) the geological and lithological details of the precise area including 1<

S.Rule 56 Modification of mining plan.--

(1) The competent authority may require 1[an applicant for quarrying permit or lease or the permit holder or] the lessee to make such modifications in the mining plan submitted by him or impose such conditions by an order in writing if such modifications or imposition of conditions are considered necessary in the light of the experience of operation of mining plan or in view of the change in the technological development;

(2) 2[An applicant for quarrying permit or lease or a permit holder or] desirous of seeking modifications in the approved mining plan as are considered expedient, in the interest of safe and scientific mining, conservation of minor minerals or for the protection of environment, shall apply to the competent authority for modification of the mining plan setting forth the intended modifications and explaining the reasons for the same;

(3) The competent authority may approve the modifications under sub-rule (2) or approve such alter

S.Rule 57 Quarry Closure Plan.--

Every quarry shall have quarry closure plan which shall be of two types:

 (i) Progressive closure plan; and

 (ii)  Final closure plan.


S.Rule 58 Submission of Progressive Quarry closure Plan.--

(1) The owner or agent or manager or mining engineer shall, in case of fresh grant or renewal of quarrying lease, submit a progressive quarry closure plan as a component of mining plan to the competent authority;

(2) The owner or agent or manager or mining engineer shall, in case of existing quarrying lease, submit a progressive quarry closure plan as a component of mining plan to the competent authority for approval within a period of one year from the date of commencement of these rules;

(3) The owner or agent or manager or mining engineer shall review the progressive quarry closure plan every five years from the date of its approval in case of existing quarry or from the date of opening of the quarry in case of fresh grant or from the date of renewal of quarrying lease, as the case may be, and shall submit to the competent authority for its approval;

(4) The competent authority in this behalf shall convey his approval or refusal of the progressive quarry clo

S.Rule 59 Submission of Final Quarry Closure Plan.--

(1) The owner or agent or manager or mining engineer shall submit a final quarry closure plan to the competent authority in this behalf for approval one year prior to the proposed closure of the quarry.

1[Provided that in case of quarrying permits having duration less than one year, the final quarry closure plan shall be submitted as a component of mining plan to the competent authority.]

(2) The competent authority in this behalf shall convey his approval or refusal of the final quarry closure plan within ninety days of the date of its receipt to the owner, agent or manager;

(3) If approval or refusal of the final quarry closure plan is not conveyed to the owner, agent or manager of the quarry within the period as specified in sub-rule (2), the final quarry closure plan shall be deemed to have been provisionally approved and such approval shall be subject to final decision whenever communicated.


S.Rule 60 The modification of quarry closure plan.--

(1) The holder of a quarrying lease desirous of seeking modifications in the approved quarry closure plan shall apply to the competent authority for approval setting forth the intended modifications and explaining the reasons for such modifications.

(2) The competent authority may approve the modifications as submitted under Clause (1) or approve with such alterations as it may consider expedient.


S.Rule 61 Responsibility of the lessee.--

(1) The owner or agent or manager of a quarry shall have the responsibility to ensure that the protective measures contained in the quarry closure plan have been carried out in accordance with the approved quarry closure plan or with such modifications as approved by the competent authority in this behalf under these rules.

(2) The owner or agent or manager shall submit to the competent authority in this behalf an yearly report before 1st July of every year setting forth the extent of protective works carried out as envisaged in the approved quarry closure plan, and if there is any deviation, reasons thereof. 


S.Rule 62 Financial guarantee.--

(1) Every lessee shall furnish a financial guarantee for the purpose of performance of the quarry closure plan. The amount of financial guarantee shall be 1[three lakh]rupees per hectare of the lease area put to use for quarrying and allied activities. However, the minimum amount of financial guarantee to be furnished in any of the forms referred to in sub-rule (2) shall be 1[five lakhs] rupees:

Provided that a lessee shall be required to enhance the amount of financial guarantee with the increase in the area of quarrying and allied activities.

(2) The financial guarantee shall be submitted in one of the following forms to the competent authority in this behalf,-

(a) Letter of Credit from any Scheduled Bank;

 (b) performance or Surety bond;

 (c) any other form of security or any other guarantees acceptable to the competent authority.

(3) The lessee shall submit the financial guarantee to the competent

S.1[Rule 63 District Mineral Foundation Trust Fund.--

The holder of a quarrying permit or quarrying lease under these rules shall pay to the District Mineral Foundation Trust of the district an amount equal to such percentage of royalty as may be prescribed in the Kerala District Mineral Foundation Rules, 2018, in addition to the royalty paid.]


S.1[Rule 64

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S.1[Rule 65

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S.1[Rule 65A

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S.Rule 66 Mining plan to be submitted by the existing lessee.--

14[(1) Where quarrying operations for minor minerals have been undertaken before 7th day of February, 2015 without an approved mining plan, the holder of such lease shall not be permitted to operate such quarry unless he submits a mining plan for the remaining period of lease to the competent authority in this behalf.]

(2) 15[x x x x]

(3) 15[x x x x]

(4) The competent authority may approve the mining plan submitted by the lessee under sub-rule (1) or require any modifications to be carried out in the mining plan and the lessee shall carry out such modifications and resubmit the modified mining plan for approval of the competent authority.

(5) The competent authority shall within ninety days from the date of receipt of the mining plan or the modified mining plan convey its approval or disapproval to the applicant and in case of disapproval it shall also convey the reasons for disapproving the said mining plan or the modifi

S.Rule 67 Review of mining plan.--

(1) Every mining plan duly approved under these rules shall be valid for the entire duration of the lease.

(2) The owner, agent, mining engineer or manager of every quarry shall review the mining plan as prescribed under sub-rule (1) and submit a scheme of mining for the next five years of the lease to the competent authority for approval at least one hundred and twenty days before the expiry of the first five year period for which it was approved on the last occasion.

(3) The competent authority shall convey its approval or refusal to the scheme of mining within ninety days of the date of its receipt.

(4) If approval or refusal of the scheme of mining is not conveyed to the lessee within the stipulated period, the scheme of mining shall be deemed to have been provisionally approved and such approval shall be subject to final decision whenever communicated.

(5) Every scheme of mining submitted under these rules shall be prepared by a recognised qualifie

S.Rule 68 Quarrying operations to be in accordance with mining plan.--

(1) Every 1[quarrying permit holder or] lessee shall carry out quarrying operations in accordance with the approved mining plan with such conditions as may be prescribed under these rules or with such modifications, if any, as permitted under these rules or the mining plan or the scheme approved under these rules, as the case may be.

(2) If the quarrying operations are not carried out in accordance with 2[the approved mining plan or any other existing laws], the competent authority may order suspension of all or any of the quarrying operations and permit continuance of only such operations as may be necessary to restore the conditions in the quarry as envisaged under the said mining plan.


S.Rule 69 System of working.--

1[(1) While conducting quarrying operations, the sides of the quarry shall be benched as specified in Metalliferous Mines Regulation, 1961 promulgated under Mines Act, 1952 (Central Act 35 of 1952).]

(2) Such benches on granite deposits and overburden including weathered rocks shall be formed separately and the benches in overburden shall be kept sufficiently in advance so that their working does not interfere with the working of granite.


S.Rule 70 Separate stacking of rejects.--

(1) The non-saleable rejects at quarry bottom shall regularly be collected and transported to the surface and the quarry floor kept reasonably clear of debris.

(2) The ground selected for dumping of top soil, overburden, waste material or non-saleable materials shall be kept away from working quarry.

(3) Before starting quarrying operations, conceptual ultimate limits of the quarry shall be determined and dumping ground shall be so selected that dumping is not carried out within the limits of the ultimate size of the quarry except where simultaneous backfilling is proposed.

(4) In the case of working for granite (dimension stones), non-saleable granite pieces suitable for possible use by small scale industries sector shall be properly recovered.


S.Rule 71 Notice for opening of a quarry under a quarrying lease and intimation of existence of a quarry.--

The owner, agent, mining engineer or manager of every quarry under a quarrying lease shall intimate the competent authority, the opening of a quarry so as to reach them within fifteen days of such opening. The notice of intimation shall contain the particulars such as date of opening of mine, letter number and date through which the mining plan was approved, name and address of the lessee, particulars of lease such as date of its execution and period and area, location of the lease area etc.


S.Rule 72 Abandonment or surrender of quarries by a lessee.--

(1) The owner, agent, mining engineer or manager of every quarry under a quarrying lease shall not abandon or surrender it or part of it during the subsistence of the lease except with prior permission in writing of the competent authority.

(2) Notice for abandonment or surrender of a quarry or a part thereof shall be accompanied by plans showing accurately the work done in such quarry upto the date of submission of the notice and such notice shall contain particulars such as name and address of the lessee, particulars of the lease location of quarry, date by which quarrying operations are to be abandoned or quarry to be surrendered, reasons for abandonment/surrender, reserve of the mineral, total production since its opening etc.

(3) Where an abandonment of a quarry or part thereof takes place as a result of the occurrence of a natural calamity beyond the control of the owner, agent mining engineer or manager of such a quarry or the lease is terminated in compliance o

S.Rule 73 Notice of temporary discontinuance of work in quarries under a quarrying lease..--

The owner, agent, mining engineer or manager of every quarry under a quarrying lease shall send to the competent authority a notice when the work in such quarry is discontinued for a period exceeding one month so as to reach them within forty days from the date of such temporary discontinuance and such notice shall contain particulars such as name and address of the lessee particulars of the lease location of quarry, date of discontinuance of quarrying operations, reasons for discontinuance etc.


S.Rule 74 Intimation of reopening of a quarry under a quarrying lease.--

The owner, agent, mining engineer or manager of every quarry under a quarrying lease shall send to the competent authority a notice of reopening of such quarry after temporary discontinuance so as to reach them within fifteen days of such reopening under registered post and such notice shall contain particulars such as name and address of the lessee, particulars of the lease particulars of the location of quarry, date on which the quarrying operation was discontinued, date of reopening etc.


S.1[Rule 75 Preparation of Plans and Sections of quarry.--

(1) The holder of a quarrying lease/quarrying permit shall prepare and keep surface plans and cross sections of the quarry.

(2) The surface plan shall depict the true size and shape of all excavations and shall contain contours/ spot heights.

(3) The cross sections shall depict the advances made in the quarry operations and areas reclaimed. The cross sections shall be equally spaced and the number of cross sections shall be sufficient for the computation volume of mineral mined out.

(4) The plans and sections shall be prepared by the end of each financial year.

(5) Every plan and section prepared under these rules shall carry thereon a certificate for its correctness and shall be signed by a recognised qualified person.

(6) The owner, mining engineer or manager of every quarry under a quarrying lease/permit shall send to the competent authority copies of the plans and sections maintained under these rules, as and when required by the competent auth

S.1[Rule 76

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S.Rule 77 Scientific mining and protection of environment.--

(1) Every permit holder or lessee under these rules shall take all possible precautions including the following for the protection of environment and control of pollution while conducting quarrying in the area for which permit/lease is granted:

(a) where top soil exists and is to be excavated for quarrying operations, it should be removed separately;

 (b) the top soil so removed shall be utilised for backfilling the worked out quarry;

 (c) where top soil cannot be used concurrently, it shall be stored separately for future backfilling;

 (d) the overburden, waste rock and non-saleable minerals generated during quarrying operations shall be stored separately by the lessee in properly formed dumps on grounds earmarked;

 (e) such dumps shall be properly secured to prevent the escape of material in harmful quantities which may cause degradation of surrounding land or silting of water courses;

 (f) such waste roc

S.1[Rule 78

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S.1[Rule 79

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S.1[Rule 80

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S.Rule 98 Form of appeal.--

(1) (a) Any person aggrieved by any order made by the competent authority or authorised officer, as the case may be, under these rules, may, within two months from the date of communication of the order to him, prefer an appeal in Form O to the Appellate Authority appointed by the Government in this behalf by notification in the Gazette.

(b) Any person aggrieved by an order of the Appellate Authority under Clause (a) may, within one month from the date of communication of such order to him, prefer a second appeal in Form O to the final Appellate Authority appointed by Government in this behalf by notification in the Gazette:

Provided that any such appeal, under Clause (a) or Clause (b), may be entertained after the period specified therein if the appellant satisfies the Appellate Authority or Final Appellate Authority, as the case may be, that he had sufficient cause for not filing the appeal in time.

(c) Every appeal memorandum, under Clause (a) and Clause (

S.Rule 99 Orders on appeal.--

Where an appeal is made under Clause (a) or Clause (b) of sub-rule (1) of Rule 98, the Appellate Authority or the Final Appellate Authority, as the case may be, may confirm, modify or set aside the order or pass such other order in relation thereto as it may deem just and proper. The order passed by the Final Appellate Authority shall be final and binding on the parties. 


S.Rule 100 Review.--

The competent authority or the Appellate Authority in case its orders have not been challenged in appeal under Clause (a) or Clause (b) of sub-rule (1) of Rule 98, as the case may be, or the final Appellate Authority may, on its own motion or an application by the interested party, review any order passed by it and pass such orders in reference thereto as it may deem fit. No order under Rule 99 or 100 shall be passed against any person interested, unless he has been given a reasonable opportunity of being heard.


S.Rule 101 Stay orders.--

Pending the final disposal of an appeal, second appeal or review, the Competent Authority, Appellate Authority or the final Appellate Authority, may, as the case may be, for sufficient cause, stay the execution of the order against which appeal, second appeal or review has been filed.

1[Provided that no stay order shall be passed staying the execution of any order passed by competent authority pertaining to unauthorized mining, storage and transportation of minor minerals without affording the competent authority an opportunity for being heard:

Provided further that no stay order deferring any recovery proceedings shall be passed unless the appellant remits 10% of the amount demanded by competent authority.]


S.Rule 102 Electronic filing of application for mineral concession and service.--

The Government may require online submission of applications for mineral concession through the official website of Mining and Geology Department of the Government of Kerala. The procedure to be followed for online receipt and processing of applications and issuing permits or leases shall be as specified by the Government.
  


S.Rule 103 Power to rectify apparent mistakes.--

The Government or the competent authority may, at any time within one year from the date of the order passed by them or it under these rules on its own motion rectify any mistake or error which had been brought to its notice by an applicant for the grant of a quarrying lease:

Provided that no order prejudicial to any person shall be passed unless he has been given a reasonable opportunity for stating his case.


S.Rule 104 17[Power of State Government to grant special permission to extract and remove minor minerals in special circumstances.--

In any case or class of cases where extraction of minor mineral is inevitable for any legitimate purpose, other than winning the mineral, 1[x x x x], the applicant shall submit an application along with the No Objection Certificate issued by the Revenue Divisional Officer to the State Government for its extraction and transportation and in such cases if the State Government is of the opinion that the extraction and transportation of minerals is inevitable, the State Government may for reasons to be recorded in writing, issue an order in writing granting permission for extraction and transportation of such minerals with such terms and conditions as they deems fit. The applicant shall remit royalty as specified in Schedule I for the quantity of the mineral extracted:

Provided that, in such cases, the application shall be submitted through the Director of Mining and Geology and along with the application for extraction and transportation of minerals, the applicant sha

S.Rule 105 Disposal of minor minerals by public auction in certain cases.--

Notwithstanding anything contained in the foregoing provisions, the Government or the competent authority may sell by public auction any minor mineral in any case or class of cases where such auction or disposal of right to remove minor minerals is inevitable on such terms and conditions as they or it may deem fit.


S.Rule 106 Extraction of minerals for special purposes.--

(1) In any case or class of cases such as construction of common facilities or residential building where extraction of minor mineral is inevitable as a part of the work, the person doing such work may be exempted from obtaining quarrying permit/lease under these rules:

 2[Provided that before extraction of minor minerals, the person concerned shall intimate the competent authority his intention to carry out the works to be performed along with detailed proposal for excavation/ use /transportation and shall furnish necessary documents as required by the competent authority in this regard. If the extracted mineral is used as building material in the property from where the same is extracted then the person concerned shall remit royalty for all minerals except ordinary earth and if the extracted mineral including ordinary earth is to be transported outside the work site, the competent authority may issue special mineral transit passes after collecting the royal

S.Rule 107 Import of minerals.--

A person who brings minerals to the State of Kerala from other countries or other States in India by means of ship or rail shall be considered as a producer under these rules. On production of sufficient documentary proof of import from outside the country, or documents in proof of payment of royalty in case of import from another State of India by such person, he may be given sanction to obtain movement permit under Kerala Minerals (Prevention of Illegal Mining, Storage and Transportation) Rules, 2015 without payment of royalty for transportation of minerals from the place of unloading.


S.Rule 108 Penalties.--

(1) Whoever contravenes any provision of these rules shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years, or with a fine which may extend to five lakh rupees or with both and in the case of continuing contravention, with an additional fine which may extend to fifty thousand rupees for every day during which such contravention continues after conviction for the first such contravention.

1[(1A) Extraction and removal of minor mineral without any lawful authority from any land is an offence under these rules and the owner of the land and/or the person who indulges in such activity is/are solely responsible for such offence and he/ they are liable to be prosecuted under sub-rule (1).]

(2) Whenever any person 2[raises any minor mineral without any lawful authority or in contravention of the provisions of these rules] from any land, the Government or the competent authority may recover from such person or the occupier of the

S.Rule 109 Role of Police and revenue authorities.--

The competent authority or an officer authorised by it in this behalf, shall if necessary request in writing for the help of the local police and local revenue authorities and when such a request is made, the police authorities and revenue authorities shall render such assistance as is necessary to enable the officer concerned to exercise the powers conferred on it or him by these rules in the matter of preventing illegal mining and unauthorised movement of minerals.

 1[Provided that if any person indulges in mining activity for the purpose of winning minerals in any area without any valid mineral concession using explosives unlawfully possessed by him, the Police authorities concerned may proceed against such person under the Explosive Substances Act 1908.]


S.Rule 110 Cognizance of offence.--

No Court shall take cognizance of any offence punishable under these rules, except upon a complaint in writing made by a person authorised in this behalf by the Government or the competent authority. The name or the designation of such person shall be published in the Gazette.


S.Rule 111 Compounding of offences.--

(1) Any offence punishable under these rules may, either before or after the institution of the prosecution, be compounded by the person authorised under Rule 110 to make a complaint to the Court with respect to that offence, on payment to that person, for credit to the Government of such sum as that person may specify:

Provided that in the case of an offence punishable with fine only, no such sum shall exceed the maximum amount of fine which may be imposed for that offence.

(2) Where an offence is compounded under sub-rule (1), no proceeding or further proceeding as the case may be, shall be taken against the offender in respect of the offence so compounded, and the offender if in custody, shall be released forthwith.


S.Rule 112 Revenue Recovery.--

All sums found due to the Government under or by virtue of these rules may be recovered under the provisions of the Revenue Recovery Act for the time being in force as though such sums are arrears of land revenue and in such other manner as the Government may deem fit.


S.Rule 113 Delegation of powers.--

The Government may, by notification in the Gazette, delegate all or any of the powers vested in them to any officer or class of officers under them, as the case may be.


S.1[Rule 114 Interest on delayed payments.--

The Competent Authority may charge simple interest at the rate of 12% per annum on any rent, royalty, price of mineral or any other sum due to the Government under the Act or these Rules from the sixtieth day of the expiry of date fixed by the Authority for payment of such sum and until payment of such sum is made.]


S.1[Rule 115 Payment of mining dues in installment.--

Government may allow collection of any rent, royalty, tax, fee, price of mineral or other sum due to the Government under these rules in monthly installments not exceeding maximum six installments.]


S.1[Rule 116 Protection of action taken in good faith.--

No suit, prosecution or other legal proceedings shall lie against any person for anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done under these Rules.]


S.2

1[SCHEDULE I

Rate of Royalty

(see rules 7 and 32)

Item
No
Name of Minor Minerals
Rate of Royalty (in Rupees)
(1)
(2)
(3)
1 Kankar and other forms of limestones and four kinds of limeshell namely: 150 (One hundred and fifty
only) per tonne
  (i) white limeshell

(ii) black limeshell

(iii) drift limeshell or seashell and


S.3

SCHEDULE II

Dead Rent

(See Clause (d) of sub-rule (1) of Rule 40)

Sl.
No.
Mineral
Dead Rent for the Ist year per hectare per annum
Dead Rent for the 2nd year in Rs. per hectare per annum
Dead Rent from
3rd year onwards
in Rs. per hectare per annum
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
1

S.4

x x x x]


S.5

x x x x]


S.6

x x x x]


S.7

FORM A

(See Rule 4)

APPLICATION FOR GRANT/RENEWAL OF QUARRYING PERMIT


(For both types of payment of royalty, to be submitted in duplicate)

To

The Senior Geologist/Geologist
District Office, Department of Mining and Geology
...............................................................

Sir,

1. I/We request that a Quarrying Permit may be granted under the Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015 to me/us to extract.................. I may be permitted to remit royalty under Schedule I./1[x x x x] to extract Granite (Building Stones)/Laterite (Build

S.8

FORM B

(See Rule 27)

APPLICATION FOR GRANT/RENEWAL OF QUARRYING LEASE

(For all types of lands)

To be submitted in triplicate

From

To

The Director of Mining & Geology,
Through the Geologist, District Office,
………………….District

Sir,

1. I/we am/are submitting this application for the grant/renewal of a quarrying lease under the Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015.

2. A sum of Rs.10,000/- or Rs.20,000/- being the application fee in respect of this application payable under sub-rule (1) of Rule 28/sub-rule (2) of Rule 2

S.10

FORM D

(See Clause (a) of Rule 10 and Clause (m) of sub-rule (1) of Rule 40)

NOTICE

1. a. Name of mine

b. Name of minerals

c. Situation of mine (Survey Number, Village, Taluk, District, State)

d. Date when work was first started

2. (a) Name and postal address of present owner(s)

(b) Name and postal address of agent, if any

3. (a) Name and postal address of manager, if any

(b) His age

(c) His qualification

(d) His experience in mining

4. Whether workings are likely to be extended below ground

5. (a) Maximum depth of open cast excavation measured from its highest to <

S.11

FORM E

MODEL FORM FOR TRANSFER OF QUARRYING LEASE


(See Rule 45)

When the transferor is an individual..............The indenture made this..............day of .............. 20....between..............(Name of the person with address and occupation) (hereafter referred to as the “transferor” which expression shall where the context so admits be deemed to include his heirs, executors, administrators, representatives and permitted assigns).

When the transferors are more than one individual..............(Name of person with address and occupation) and ..............(Name of person with address and occupation) (hereinafter referred to as the “transferor” which expression sh

S.12

FORM F

(See Clause (f) of Rule 10 and sub-clause (i) of Clause (o) of sub-rule (1) of Rule 40)

RETURN OF EXTRACTION OF MINOR MINERAL FOR THE MONTH OF...................... QUARRYING PERMIT/QUARRYING LEASE
Name of the permit holder/lessee :
Permit No./Lease No. & date :
Area :
Survey No. :
Village :
Taluk :
District :
1. Name of the mineral :
2. Stock of mineral a

S.13

FORM G

(See sub-clause (ii) of Clause (o) of sub-rule (1) of Rule 40)

ANNUAL STATEMENT OF MINOR MINERALS OBTAINED, LABOUR EMPLOYED, ETC.
Name of the lessee

Area of the lease

Village

Taluk

District

1. Name of the minor mineral worked.
2. Out-put Tonnes Ql. Kgs.
3. Value Rs.
4. Average Number of persons employed daily. Male:

Female:

Total :
FORM I

(See sub-rule (1) of Rule 48)

REGISTER OF APPLICATION FOR QUARRYING LEASE
1. Serial No.

2. Date of the application for quarrying lease.

3. Date on which application was received by the receiving officer.

4. Name of the applicant with full address.

5. Particulars of the land applied for and its area.

6. Minor mineral or minerals which the applicant desires to extract.

7. Details of remittance of application fee.

8. Period for which quarrying lease is required.

9. Final disposal of the application.

10. Remarks.

11. Signature of the officer.
 

S.16

FORM J

(See sub-rule (2) of Rule 48)

REGISTER OF QUARRYING LEASES/RENEWALS
(A) 1. Serial No.

2. Name of the lessee.

3. Residence with complete address of lessee

4. Date of application

5. Date on which application was received by the receiving officer.

6. (a) No. and date of grant of lease.

(b) Date of execution of lease

7. Particulars of the land and total area granted

8. Minor Minerals for which lease originally granted.

9. Rates of royalty surface rent and dead rent

10. Period for which granted.

11. Amount of security deposit


S.17

x x x x]


S.18

x x x x]


S.19

FORM M

(See sub-rule (2) of Rule 9) (For all type of quarrying permits)

GOVERNMENT OF KERALA
DEPARTMENT OF MINING & GEOLOGY DISTRICT OFFICE
.................................
....................................................................................................
QUARRYING PERMIT FOR EXTRACTION OF GRANITE BUILDING STONE/LATERITE BUILDING STONE/ORDINARY SAND (OTHER THAN SAND USED FOR PRESCRIBED PURPOSES)/ORDINARY CLAY/LIME SHELL/SEASHELL GRANTED UNDER RULES 3(1), 9 AND 10 OF THE KERALA MINOR MINERAL CONCESSION RULES, 2015
No. .........................................Dated .....................................

Shri/Smt./M/s. ..................is hereby permitted to extract

S.20

FORM N

(See sub-rule (2) of Rule 9 2[and 14])

GOVERNMENT OF KERALA
DEPARTMENT OF MINING AND GEOLOGY, DISTRICT OFFICE
..............................................................................
........................................................................................
QUARRYING PERMIT FOR ORDINARY EARTH
No. ...............................Dated ...............................

Shri/Smt./M/s. ................. is hereby permitted to extract and remove ORDINARY EARTH from an area of ..............Hect./Are in Sy. No ..............of
....................... Village of .............. Taluk of .............. District,

S.21

FORM O

(See Rule 98)

FORM OF APPEAL MEMORANDUM

1. Name and address of individual/firm/company

2. Profession of individuals or nature of business

3. Full details of the order of the authorised officer/competent authority/Appellate Authority against which the appeal is made (copy enclosed)

4. Minor Mineral/minerals forming the subject-matter of the appeal

5. Details of the area in respect of which appeal is filed (A plan of the area to be attached. District, Taluk, Village & Survey number etc. to be specified)

6. Is the appeal filed within the period specified in Rule 98(1)
If not, the reason thereof.

7. Grounds of appeal

8. If the appeal memor

S.22


FORM P

(See sub-rule (3) of Rule 54)

APPLICATION FOR RECOGNITION AS QUALIFIED PERSON
"Persons eligible for grant of recognition under Rule 54(3) of Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015 may download this form and submit the duly filled in form to the authority concerned, State of Kerala along with a fee of Rs.10,000/- (for individual registration) credited to the Department
of Mining and Geology under head of account 0853-102-99(1)"

I am desirous of seeking recognition as qualified person under Rule 54(4) of Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015 for the preparation of Mining Plans (including environmental management plans) and furnish the following information :

S.23

FORM Q

(See sub-rule (5) of Rule 54)

RECOGNISED QUALIFIED PERSON CERTIFICATE


(emblem)

CERTIFICATE OF RECOGNITION AS QUALIFIED PERSON TO PREPARE MINING PLANS FOR QUARRYING MINOR MINERALS IN KERALA

(issued under Rule 54 of the Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015)

Shri/Smt.............(address) having given satisfactory evidence of his/her qualification and experience is hereby granted RECOGNITION under Rule 54 of the Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2014 as a qualified Person to prepare Mining Plans for quarrying minor minerals in Kerala.

The registration number is.............

S.24

FORM R

(See Rule 49)

The Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015

GOVERNMENT OF KERALA

DEPARTMENT OF MINING AND GEOLOGY DISTRICT OFFICE, ………………
MOVEMENT PERMIT
No. Date:
"Shri./Smt./M/s....................who is holding quarrying lease No......... dated.........under the Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015 is hereby permitted to transport .........(name of mineral) from quarry situated at ......... (location name), in Survey No.........of .........Village of……. Taluk of …….
District for the period from .........to ......... *This movement permit is issued for the purpose of transport

S.25

1[FORM S

(See Rule 14(2) and (3)) Issuing

Authority:

MOVEMENT PERMIT FOR TRANSPORTATION OF ORDINARY EARTH
EXCAVATED IN CONNECTION WITH CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDING

No......................................................Date

"Shri/Smt./M/s. ........................................ who is holding building permit No......... dated..... under the Kerala Panchayat Building Rules, 2019 /Kerala Municipality Building Rules, 2019 (strike off whichever is not applicable) is hereby permitted to transport ordinary earth from the building construction site as per the particulars and subject to the conditions given below. Every consignment o

S.26

1[FORM T

(See sub-rule (b) of Rule 14
Affidavit to be produced along with application for movement permit for transportation of ordinary earth in connection with construction of a building

(To be notarized)

I/We, .......................................... S/o, D/o, W/o ......................................., aged............................................ years and a resident of ........................................., solemnly affirm and declare the following:

1. That I/we intend to construct a building in .....................ares of land in......................... survey number/s in block no.......

S.27

1[FORM U

(See sub-rule (7) of rule 14

Statement of remittance /recovery of sum due to Government by virtue of breach of conditions of movement permit granted for transportation of ordinary earth in connection with construction of building
Name of office:
1
Name and address of the building permit
holder with phone number
 
2
Valid building permit No. and date
 
3
Building permit issuing authority
 
GOVERNMENT OF KERALA
Industries (A) Department
NOTIFICATION

G. O. (P) No.56/2023/ID

Dated, Thiruvananthapuram, 11 th September, 2023
26th Chingam 1199

S. R. O. No. 995/2023

In exercise of the powers conferred by rule 113 of the Kerala Mineral Minor Concession Rules, 2015, the Government of Kerala hereby authorize an officer of the Local Self Government Institutions specified in column (1) of the schedule below to exercise powers and perform the functions under sub- rules (2), (3), (4), (6), (7), (8), (9), (10) and (11) of rule 14 of the said rules, in their respective areas of jurisdiction,

S.Kerala Minor Mineral Concession (Amendment) Rules, 2025 All Amendments incorporated at appropriate place

GOVERNMENT OF KERALA

Industries (A) Department

NOTIFICATION

G. O. (P) No.23/2025/ID

Dated, Thiruvananthapuram, 11th April, 2025

28th Meenam 1200

 

 

   

S. R. O. No. 472/2025    

In exercise of the powers conferred by sub section (1) of section 15 of the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 (Central Act 67 of 1957), the Government of Kerala hereby make the following Rules further to amend the Kerala M

S.Rule 1 Short title and commencement.--

(1) These Rules may be called the Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015.

(2) They shall come into force at once.


S.Rule 3 Grant of quarrying permit.--

(1) On application made to it the competent authority under these rules may grant a quarrying permit to any Indian National to extract any minor mineral, 1E[other than the minerals specified in item numbers 4, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of Schedule I], from any specified land within the limits of its jurisdiction and authority as notified by the Government in the Official Gazette from time to time on payment of royalty as the competent authority may fix on the basis of the rates specified in Schedule I 2[x x x x] and also on payment of such surface rent and cess as may be assessable on the lands.

(2) The competent authority may grant a permit for a lower quantity than applied for or refuse to grant such permit for reasons to be recorded in writing.

(3) The area under a quarrying permit shall be a contiguous unit and shall not exceed one hectare.

(4) The competent authority under these rules shall send a copy of the quarrying permit granted by it to t

S.Rule 4 Application for quarrying permit.--

(1) An application for a quarrying permit shall be made in Form A and shall contain the following particulars, namely:-

 a. name, address, profession and nationality of the applicant;

 b. name and quantity of the minor mineral for which the permit is required;

 c. description such as location, survey number etc. of the lands from which the minor mineral is to be extracted;

 d. purpose for which the minor mineral is to be used.

(2) Every such application shall be accompanied by,-

 a. a copy of the survey map of the area, attested by the Village Officer concerned or any other competent officer of the department of Land Revenue having jurisdiction over the area in respect of which permit is applied for or Assistant Director of Survey and Land Records concerned. The area in which extraction is applied for in each survey number shall be demarcated and coloured red in the map;

 b.&n

S.Rule 5 Application fee.--

(1) Every application for a quarrying permit shall be accompanied by a fee of one thousand rupees for all minor minerals.

(2) The amount of fee shall be remitted in any of the State Government Treasuries to the credit of the Department of Mining and Geology under the relevant receipt head of account and the Treasury chalan receipt shall be attached to the application.


S.Rule 6 Acknowledgement of application.--

(1) Where an application for the grant or renewal of quarrying permit is delivered personally, its receipt shall be acknowledged forthwith, in Form C.

(2) In all other cases, the receipt of such application shall be acknowledged in Form C on the next working day.

(3) The officer receiving such application shall enter on it the day on which and the hour at which the application has been received by him.


S.1[Rule 7 Payment of Royalty.--

Every applicant for a quarrying permit shall pay royalty in advance to Government at the rate specified in schedule1.The applicant shall pay royalty in advance for the entire quantity of mineral proposed to be mined each year as per the approved mining plan. The permit holder shall not be eligible for refund of advance royalty remitted even if the quantity of mineral mined or transported is less than the annual quantity of mineral proposed to be mined as per the approved mining plan;]

2[Provided that the applicant for Laterite (Building stone) shall pay royalty in advance half yearly or yearly for the corresponding quantity of mineral proposed to be mined as per the approved mining plan.;

Provided further that in case where extraction of minerals are from revenue purampoke lands or from lands by other Government Departments or Local Self Governments, the person who extracts minerals from such lands shall pay compensation
or value of minerals, as the case

S.Rule 8 Letter of intent to an applicant for a quarrying permit.--

On receipt of an application for a quarrying permit with all requisite contents and particulars thereof prescribed in these rules but without having the statutory licences required to be obtained from other Departments concerned, the applicant shall be issued a letter of intent by the competent authority after making site visits and other enquiries as the authority deems fit. Quarrying permit shall be granted and royalty collected only after obtaining all other statutory licences/clearances/No Objection Certificates etc. from other statutory authorities concerned. The letter of intent so issued shall be sufficient for statutory authorities concerned for issuing their licenses/permissions/No Objection Certificates etc.


S.Rule 9 Disposal of application for the grant of quarrying permit.--

(1) On receipt of the application for grant of quarrying permit for undertaking quarrying operations, the competent authority shall make site inspection and take decision regarding the precise area to be granted for the said purpose and intimate the applicant to submit approved mining plan and Environmental Clearance for the precise area.

1G[x x x x]

1GB[Provided 1GA[x x x x] that approved mining plan may not be insisted for the grant and renewal of quarrying permits for extraction of ordinary earth in connection with the construction of buildings on the strength of valid building permit and land development permit issued by the Local Self Government Institution concerned.]

(2) On receipt of an approved mining plan and Environmental Clearance for the precise area and on production of all other statutory licenses/clearances/No Objection Certificate etc. 1H[as the case may be] from other statutory authorities concerned

S.Rule 10 Conditions on which quarrying permit shall be granted.--

Every quarrying permit, except for ordinary earth, under Rule 9 shall be granted subject to the following conditions, namely:-

 a. the depth of the pit below surface shall not exceed 6 metres except in the case of extraction of granite (building stones) and laterite (building stones):

Provided that in the cases of quarries of granite (building stones) and laterite (building stones) where the depth of the pit exceeds 6 metres, the sides of open workings shall be sloped, stepped or benched or secured by the permit holder in such a manner so as to prevent slope failure. When an open working is worked in steps such steps shall be of sufficient breadth in relation to their height to secure safety. In an excavation in any hard and compact ground the sides shall be adequately benched, sloped or secured so as to prevent danger from fall of sides. No trees, loose stone or debris shall be allowed to remain within a distance of three metres from the edge or side of t

S.1[Rule 11 Movement permits and its register.--

The permit holder shall be granted movement permit in Form M of the Kerala Minerals (Prevention of Illegal Mining, Storage and Transportation) Rules, 2015 for removal of minor minerals from the area under the quarrying permit on the payment of royalty. Details regarding the issue of movement permit shall be entered in the register kept for the purpose. On getting movement permit the permit holder shall obtain mineral transit passes under the Kerala Minerals (Prevention of Illegal mining, Storage and Transportation) Rules, 2015 for transportation of minerals from the area under permit:

 Provided that in cases where statutory licences from authorities other than the competent authority under these rules are required for working of a quarry, the permit holder shall produce such statutory licences for obtaining movement permit under these rules and mineral transit passes under the Kerala Minerals (Prevention of Illegal Mining, Storage and Transportation) Rules, 2015.]


S.1[Rule 12 Renewal of quarrying permit.--

In cases where the permitted quantity of mineral could not be extracted from the precise area under permit within the permitted period, such quarrying permit may be renewed once for the extraction of balance quantity of mineral for a further period not exceeding one year, subject to the production of modified mining plan and all other statutory licences/ clearances/ no objection certificates/ any other statutory documents etc, as required by the competent authority.

 Provided that in case of Granite ( Building Stone) quarries that are working under the valid quarrying permit as on the date of commencement of these rules, the quarrying permit may be renewed once in the precise area for a maximum period of three years subject to the availability of balance mineable mineral reserve and quarrying should be carried as per the stipulations in the approved mining plan.]


S.1[Rule 13 Financial guarantee.--

2[(1) Before applying for movement permit under a quarrying permit for first time, every quarrying permit holder of Granite (Building stone) and Laterite (Building stone) shall furnish a financial guarantee of Rs.2,00,000/- (Rupees two lakh) and Rs.50,000/- (Rupees fifty thousand) respectively for due and proper implementation of the progressive mine closure plan contained in the mining plan or the final mine closure plan, as the case may be.]

(2) The financial guarantee in any one of the following forms shall be submitted to the competent authority who issued quarrying permit.

(a) Letter of credit from any Scheduled Bank,

(b) Performance or surety bond

(c) Any other form of security or any other guarantee applicable to the competent authority

(3) Release of financial guarantee shall become effective when the permit holder gives notice of the satisfactory compliance of the provisions contained in the final quarry closure plan and certifi

S.Rule 14 Quarrying Permit for Ordinary earth.--

(1) A quarrying permit under these rules shall be obtained for extraction 3A[and transportation] of ordinary earth used for filling or levelling purposes in construction of embankments, roads, railways or buildings in Form N:

6[1A. Every quarrying permit for ordinary earth under sub-rule (1) shall be granted subject to this following conditions, namely:--

(a). quarrying shall be strictly confined to the area allotted for the purpose.

(b). the permit holder shall not carry on or allowed to be carried on any quarrying operations at or to any points within a distance of 25 meters from the boundary or boundaries of adjacent properties or 50 meters from any residential building except with the consent of the owners of such property or building or 75 meters from any railway line, 50 meters from any bridge, reservoir, tanks and canals or other public works except with the previous permission of the authorities concerned or State Government or comp

S.Rule 15 Removal of overburden by a quarrying permit holder.--

A person who has obtained quarrying permit under these rules for extraction of minerals other than ordinary earth may extract overburden from the area under the permit without obtaining a quarrying permit for extraction of the same where such extraction is inevitable for the extraction of the mineral under the permit:

Provided that in such cases the permit holder shall stack the overburden at a safer distance away from the quarrying area and the overburden so stacked shall be used for backfilling the pits in future.


S.Rule 16 Cancellation of quarrying permit.--

If the Government or competent authority under these rules has reason to believe that a permit was obtained by way of submission of any false documents or in contravention of provisions of any other law or the permit holder has violated any of the conditions stipulated under these rules, the State Government or the competent authority may, after giving the permit holder an opportunity of being heard, direct him not to undertake any quarrying operations in the area to which the permit relates and may cancel the permit and in such cases the quarried materials lying on the land from which they are extracted shall become the absolute property of the Government. In such an event, all the royalties and rents paid in advance or part thereof that may stand to the credit of the permit holder shall also be forfeited to Government.


S.Rule 17 Compensation for damage.--

The permit holder shall pay reasonable compensation as may be assessed by any lawful authority in accordance with the law in force on the subject for all damage, injury or disturbance which may be done by him in exercise of the rights granted to him by the permit and shall indemnify and be kept indemnified the State Government against all claims which may be made by any person or persons in respect of any such damage, injury or disturbance and all costs and expenses in connection therewith.


S.Rule 18 Classification of granite and other crystalline rocks.--

The different varieties of granite and other crystalline rocks are classified as-
(i) Dimension stones which include all types of granites, dolerite, charnockite, leptynite and other crystalline rocks of Acid, Intermediate, basic and ultra basic groups of igneous and metamorphic origin which are suitable for cutting to predetermined sizes, polishing, carving and amenable for making value-added products in decorative monumental and ornamental fields of industry as a high-value item; and

(ii) 5[Granite (building stone) which includes] all those group of rocks specified above in sub-item (i) which are not suitable for using as dimension stones as specified therein, but can be used as ordinary building stones, road metal, rubble and ballasts after breaking into irregular pieces by blasting or otherwise as low value item with different rates of royalty or dead rent.

Note.- Indulgence of quarrying or raising a high value item of dimension stone with the

S.Rule 19 Preferential right in granting of quarrying Permits.--

Where two or more persons have applied for a quarrying permit in respect of the same land, the applicant whose application was received earlier shall have a preferential right for the grant of the permit over the applicant whose application was received later provided the earlier application satisfies all the conditions laid down in these rules.


S.1[Rule 20

x x x x]


S.1[Rule 21

x x x x]


S.1[Rule 22

x x x x]


S.1[Rule 23

x x x x]


S.1[Rule 24

x x x x]


S.Rule 25 Applicability of the chapter.--

The provisions of this chapter shall apply only to the grant of quarrying leases in respect of lands in which the minor minerals vest exclusively in the Government.


S.Rule 26 Restrictions on the grant of quarrying leases.--

Quarrying leases under this chapter shall be granted only to Indian Nationals:
Provided that a quarrying lease may be granted by the Government to a person who is not an Indian National with the previous approval of the Central Government.


S.Rule 27 Application for grant of quarrying lease.--

(1) An application for grant or renewal of a quarrying lease shall be made to the competent authority in Form 'B';

(2) Every such application shall be accompanied by --

 1[(a) Copy of PAN card, copy of latest Income Tax Return filed to Income Tax Department, and an affidavit to the effect that the applicant has assessed the income tax, paid the income tax based on the assessment and filed up to date Income Tax Return. In cases where the applicant is not an income tax assessee an affidavit to the effect that he is not an income tax assessee need be submitted.]

 (b) copy of the survey map of the area attested by an officer not below the rank of a Tahsildar of the department of Land Revenue or Assistant Director of the department of Survey and Land Records. The area applied for extraction in each survey number shall be demarcated and coloured red in the map;

 2[(c)  the possession and enjoyment certificate iss

S.Rule 28 Application fee for quarrying lease.--

(1) Every application for grant of quarrying lease shall be accompanied by a fee of Rs.10,000/- (Rupees ten thousand only) for all minor minerals except for dimension stones as specified under these rules.

(2) In the case of application for a quarrying lease for extraction of dimension stones, it shall be accompanied by a fee of twenty thousand rupees.

(3) The amount of fee shall be remitted to the State Government treasuries to the credit of the Department of Mining and Geology under the relevant receipt head of account and the treasury chalan receipt shall be attached to the application.


S.Rule 29 Acknowledgement of application.--

The procedure for receipt and acknowledgement of application for grant or renewal of quarrying lease is as provided for in Rule 6.


S.Rule 30 Application for renewal of quarrying lease.--

(1) Every application for the renewal of a quarrying lease shall be made at least three months before the date on which the lease is due to expire.

(2) Documents to be attached to and the fee prescribed for the application for grant of quarrying lease shall be the same for an application for its renewal. 


S.Rule 31 Preferential right of certain persons.--

(1) Where two or more persons have applied for quarrying lease in respect of the same land the applicant whose application was received earlier shall have preferential right for the grant of the lease over an applicant whose application was received later.

(2) The Government or the competent authority may, for special reasons to be recorded grant a quarrying lease to an applicant whose application was received later in preference to an applicant whose application was received earlier.


S.Rule 32 Payment of royalty by a lessee.--

(1) The holder of a quarrying lease which is granted on or after the commencement of these rules shall pay royalty in respect of any mineral removed by him from the land in respect of which the lease has been granted at the rates specified in Schedule I in respect of the mineral.

6[x x x x]

(2) The State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, enhance or reduce the rate of royalty in respect of any minor mineral with effect from the date, as may be specified in such notification:

7[(3) In cases where extraction of minerals is from Revenue Puramboke lands or from lands possessed by other Government Departments or Local Self Governments, the person who extracts minerals from such lands shall be liable to pay compensation or value of minerals, as the case may be, to the department concerned for the quantity of such extraction, as fixed by such departments from time to time.]

Provided that the rate of royalty shall not

S.Rule 33 Disposal of application for the grant or renewal of quarrying lease.--

1[(i) On receipt of an application for quarrying lease with all requisite contents and particulars thereof prescribed in these rules but without having the statutory licences required to be obtained from other departments concerned, the applicant may be issued a letter of intent by the competent authority intimating the intention for granting quarrying lease after processing the application. The letter of intent shall contain the details of the precise area identified for the grant of quarrying lease, list of documents and statutory licences to be submitted and such other details as the authority deems fit. Quarrying lease shall be granted only after submission of documents specified in the letter of intent. The letter of intent so issued shall be sufficient for other statutory authorities concerned for issuing their licences/ clearances/ No objection Certificates etc.]

(2) On receipt of an approved mining plan and Environmental Clearance for the precise area and o

S.Rule 34 Refund of application fee.--

Where an application for the grant or renewal of a quarrying lease is refused under Rule 33 or the applicant refuses to accept the lease on account of any conditions imposed under these rules or any other relevant law or order, the application fee paid by the applicant shall not be refunded to him.


S.Rule 35 Length and breadth of area leased.--

Except in case of a quarrying lease for sand or Kankar the length of an area held under a quarrying lease shall not exceed four times its breadth 


S.Rule 38 Survey and demarcation of precise area approved for grant of lease.--

(1) On receipt of communication regarding the precise area under Rule 55, the applicant shall make arrangements for the survey and demarcation by erection of boundary pillars of the said area by the revenue authority not below the rank of a Tahsildar or Assistant Director of Department of Survey and Land Records and shall produce a certificate in this regard issued by the authorities concerned.

(2) In cases where the area applied for quarrying lease and the precise area as communicated by the competent authority under Rule 55 are different, the applicant shall submit a survey map of the precise area attested by the competent officer who issued the certificate under sub-rule (1).



Legal Commentary on Section Rule 38 of the Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015

Introduction

The Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015 (KMMC Rules), superseded the erstwhile 1967 Rules to regulate the extraction of minor minerals in the State. A pivotal aspect of these regulations involves the management of mineral rights, specifically regarding the rights of government entities and corporations to exploit resources. Rule 38-A (derived from the broader scope of Rule 38 in the 1959 Tamil Nadu Rules, which serves as a comparative precedent in these judgments) empowers the State Government to reserve areas for exploitation by the Government or authorized corporations. This commentary analyzes the scope, ingredients, and legal implications of these provisions based on the provided judicial sources.

What Section Says

Rule 38 (and its specific declaratory variants like Rule 38-A found in similar State enactments referenced in the courts) grants the State Government the discretionary power to reserve any area within its jurisdiction for exclusive exploitation by the Government itself, a State Corporation, or a Government Company. The rule obliterates the automatic preferential consideration of lease applications by private individuals if the area has been specifically reserved for public sector exploitation. The State的这一 power is not merely administrative but is a legislative directive aimed at controlling the commercial exploitation of specific mineral categories.

Essential Ingredients

  1. State Reservation: The Government or its authorized entity must explicitly declare an area as reserved for exclusive exploitation. [ "Unais, Son of Hamsa VS District Collector, Palakkad, Kenathuparambu, Kunathurmedu, Palakkad District, PIN – 678013"]
  2. Government Concessionaire: The reserved area must be designated exclusively for exploitation by the Government, a State Corporation, or a Government Company. [ "Unais, Son of Hamsa VS District Collector, Palakkad, Kenathuparambu, Kunathurmedu, Palakkad District, PIN – 678013"]
  3. Ouster of Private Rights: The reservation acts as a bar against the grant of mining leases to private parties, specifically nullifying claims of "preferential right" for those whose applications may have been filed later, provided the reserve was in place. [ "Unais, Son of Hamsa VS District Collector, Palakkad, Kenathuparambu, Kunathurmedu, Palakkad District, PIN – 678013"]
  4. Validity Under MMDR Act: The power to frame such rules is derived from Section 15 of the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957, which allows States to regulate mineral concessions for purposes connected therewith. [ "Unais, Son of Hamsa VS District Collector, Palakkad, Kenathuparambu, Kunathurmedu, Palakkad District, PIN – 678013"]
  5. No Constitutional Violation: The State's power to make such reservations is considered constitutional and not ultra vires, as it falls within the scope of regulating the grant of leases under Section 15. [ "Unais, Son of Hamsa VS District Collector, Palakkad, Kenathuparambu, Kunathurmedu, Palakkad District, PIN – 678013"]

Scope of Section

The scope of Rule 38 is extensive and touches upon land administration, industrial policy, and environmental conservation.* Taxonomy of Land: The rule applies uniformly to government, corporation, or government company lands, ensuring state control over strategic resources like specific types of granite. [ "TMT Granites (Pvt. ) Ltd. VS Commissioner, State GST Department"]* Integration with Central Legislation: The rule operates in tandem with Section 15 of the MMDR Act, 1957, ensuring that state-level reservations do not conflict with the central framework of mineral regulation. [ "TMT Granites (Pvt. ) Ltd. VS Commissioner, State GST Department"]* Preferential Treatment Prohibition: If an area is reserved, special provisions for repatriates or other preferred classes (under Rule 10 in some rule sets) are rendered inapplicable to those reserved zones. [ "Unais, Son of Hamsa VS District Collector, Palakkad, Kenathuparambu, Kunathurmedu, Palakkad District, PIN – 678013"]* Judicial Review Limitation: While the power is expansive, it must be exercised reasonably. Industrial courts and High Courts have generally upheld these reservations unless found arbitrary or violative of Article 14. [ "Unais, Son of Hamsa VS District Collector, Palakkad, Kenathuparambu, Kunathurmedu, Palakkad District, PIN – 678013"]

Punishment for Section

Note: While Rule 38 itself is a power of reservation, contravention of the leasing procedures it dictates triggers penal provisions.* Penal Consequences: Unauthorized exploitation of reserved areas or ignoring the reserve order attracts penalties under the MMDR Act, 1957, specifically Section 21, which prescribes imprisonment up to two years or fines. [ "Prakash Nayak VS District Collector, Kasaragod"]* Seizure of Equipment: Vehicles and tools used in violation of the reservation and leasing rules liable to seizure. [ "Prakash Nayak VS District Collector, Kasaragod"]* Compounding of Offences: The government retains the discretion to compound the offence based on the nature and gravity of the violation, provided it is authorized by relevant Government Orders (G.O.). [ "Varghese VS District Collector"]* Jurisdictional Issues: Authority to file complaints or compound offences rests with officers authorized by the Government (e.g., District Collectors, Assistant Geologists), not necessarily police unless specified under criminal laws. [ "Varghese VS District Collector"]

Legal Comments

S.Rule 49 Movement permits and its register.--

The lessee shall be granted movement permit in Form R of these rules for removal of minor minerals from the area under the quarrying lease on payment of royalty. Details regarding the issue of movement permit shall be entered in the register kept for the purpose. On getting movement permit the lessee shall obtain mineral transit passes under the Kerala Minerals (Prevention of Illegal Mining, Storage and Transportation) Rules, 2015 for removal of minerals from the area of lease:

Provided that in cases where statutory licences from authorities other than the competent authority under these rules are required for working of a quarry, the lessee shall produce such statutory licences for obtaining movement permit under these rules and mineral transit passes under the Kerala Minerals (Prevention of Illegal Mining, Storage and Transportation) Rules, 2015.



Legal Commentary: Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015 (Rule 49)

Introduction

The Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015 (KMMC Rules) supersede the 1967 Rules to regulate the extraction and movement of minor minerals in the State of Kerala. Rule 49 specifically governs the issuance, registration, and validity of Movement Permits (Form R). While distinct from the initial grant of a quarry permit, the movement permit validates the transportation of extracted minerals, ensuring compliance with conservation norms, royalty payments, and prevention of illicit trafficking. The rule operates within the framework of the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 (MMDR Act), particularly sections dealing with regulation of concessions and prevention of illegal transportation. Judicial precedents indicate that the validity of these permits is inextricably linked to environmental clearances and the existence of an approved Mining Plan.

What does Section Say

Rule 49 outlines the administrative mechanism for granting movement permits to lessees or permit holders. Key aspects include:* Grant to Lessee: It mandates that the lessee or holder of a quarrying permit shall be granted a movement permit in Form R for the removal of minor minerals from the leased/permit area or their transportation to the place of work/storage.* Registration: The rule requires the maintenance of a register for these permits to track the quantity and origin of minerals moved.* Specific Form: Unlike other contexts where Form W or X might be used for transit, Rule 49 explicitly prescribes Form R for the lessee/permit holder removing minerals from their specific concession area.* Validity: While the specific duration isn't detailed in Rule 49 alone, other provisions (like Rule 68 regarding Mining Plans) dictate that such operations must align with the approved scheme, implying the permit's validity is contingent on the lease/permit validity and the active status of the Mining Plan.

Essential Ingredients

The legal validity of an action taken under Rule 49 requires the presence of the following ingredients:* Existence of Concession: There must be a valid Quarry Lease, Mining Lease, or Movement Permit issued under the Act and Rules.* Approval of Mining Plan: The lessee/holder must possess an approved Mining Plan as per Rule 66/67/68, which serves as the baseline for extraction and removal estimates.* Environmental Compliance: The existence of a valid Environmental Clearance (EC) is now a prerequisite; the proviso in Rule 12 (after the Deepak Kumar judgment) narrows the exemption for EC, making it nearly mandatory for continued operation and subsequent permit issuance.* Form R Compliance: The application and subsequent permit must strictly adhere to the format prescribed in Form R.* Affidavit of Production (Section 23C): For transportation outside the immediate work site, compliance with the Prevention of Illegal Mining Rules regarding affidavits and transit may be required in conjunction with Rule 49.

Scope of Section

The scope of Rule 49 is expansive and covers various operational phases:* Primary Removal: It covers the removal of minerals directly from the lease/site to the crusher or storage within the permitted area.* Inter-Permit Movement: In some interpretations, it facilitates the movement of materials between older assets under the same concession holder if governed by the same permit structure.* Oversight Mechanism: The "register" aspect of the rule creates a paper trail allowing the Geologist/Department to monitor whether removal quantities match the Mining Plan projections.* Integration with Ecology: The scope has evolved to include ecological checks; a permit cannot be valid if the underlying Mining Plan was approved in violation of environmental conditions or if the area falls under a ban (e.g., riverbeds or forests).* Application to Renewals: In cases where permits are renewed (Rule 27/49 context), the movement permit system is reinstituted under the new regulatory regime, subject to the EC requirements.

Punishment for Section

Violations related to the non-compliance of movement permits (Rule 49) and the rules governing them attract severe penalties under the wider regulatory framework:* Rule 108: While Rule 108 generally prescribes penalties for contravention of rules (including those failing to obtain a valid movement permit), the source text notes that this rule may not fully cover illicit import or violations of the parent Act.* Section 21 of MMDR Act: For violations involving the raising of minerals without authority or contravention of Section 4(1A) (no transport/storage without rules), the punishment includes imprisonment up to two years or a fine up to 25,000/- or both.* Section 23C & Related Rules: Unauthorized removal or transport without a valid permit (Form R or transit pass) constitutes "illegal mining" or "illegal transportation," attracting seizure of vehicles and tools (Rule 108 / KMET Rules 2015).* Judicial Consequence: Courts have clarified that failure to produce a valid movement permit allows for the seizure of vehicles and illicit minerals, as per Section 21(4) of the MMDR Act.

Legal Comments

  • "Environmental Clearance Prerequisite" - Environmental clearance is now mandatory for the grant and renewal of quarrying permits, and consequently for the operation of movement permits under Rule 49, making permits issued without EC unenforceable. [SYBY VS DISTRICT GEOLOGIST, DEPARTMENT OF MINING & GEOLOGY]
  • "Mining Plan Validity" - The validity of operations and movement permits (Rule 49) is subject to Rule 68, which mandates that mining operations cannot be carried out without there being an approved Mining Plan. [AMAL MATHEW VS DISTRICT GEOLOGIST]
  • "Form R Application" - Rule 49 explicitly mandates the use of Form R for granting movement permits to lessees for the removal of minor minerals from their leased areas.
  • "Seizure of Vehicles" - Non-compliance with provision for movement permits (or lack of valid transit pass where applicable) allows for the seizure of vehicles and illicit minerals under Section 21 of the MMDR Act. [Rajesh K VS District Geologist, Department Of Mining And Geology]
  • "Expiration and Renewal" - Lessees applying for renewal of permits or continuing operations under Rule 49 must adhere to the strict timeline of Rule 33 and possess fresh approval of Mining Plans and Environmental Clearances. [George Sebastian VS Director of Mining and Geology, Directorate of Mining and Geology]
  • "Competent Authority Powers" - The District Geologist acts as the notified authority to inspect sites and approve permits, but the levy of recoupment or penalty for non-compliance must follow strict procedural safeguards under Rule 98/99. [Charly joseph, s/o. Joseph VS State Of Kerala]
  • "Limitation to Lessees" - The provisions of Rule 49 apply specifically to the lessee or holder of a quarrying permit; unauthorized persons cannot remove minerals under this rule without specific exemptions for public works (Rule 106). [RAJU E. P. VS SENIOR GEOLOGIST, MINING & GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT, DISTRICT OFFICE, CIVIL STATION]
  • "Record Maintenance" - The requirement to maintain a register under Rule 49 serves as an evidentiary tool for the authorities to verify if the quantity removed matches the quantum approved in the Mining Plan.
  • "Implication of Deepak Kumar" - The Supreme Court judgment in Deepak Kumar (2012) harmonized with Rule 49 by establishing that even minor mineral operations requiring permits must comply with environmental norms, effectively making pre-2012 exemptions retrospective invalid. [Nature Lovers Forum VS State of Kerala]
  • "Harmonious Construction" - Rule 49 must be read in conjunction with Rule 68 regarding Mining Plans; a permit cannot validate extraction that exceeds the annual production capacity defined in the approved plan. [SYBY VS DISTRICT GEOLOGIST, DEPARTMENT OF MINING & GEOLOGY]
  • "Ultra Vires Provisions" - Attempts by authorities to impose restrictions or deny movement permits beyond the plain text of Rule 49 (or creating arbitrary conditions not found in the rule) have been held invalid by courts. [Lissy Abraham S/o Sunny Abraham VS District Geologist, District Office of Mining and Geology Kottayam]
  • "Application to Contractors" - While Rule 49 applies to lessees, contractors working under them require specific transit passes (Form W/X) or O(A) forms if moving earth for construction, distinguishing between owner-lessee removal and contractor supply. [Varghese K. T. VS District Geologist, Ekm. ]
  • "Validity of Stop Memos" - A stop memo or denial of a movement permit cannot be sustained if the lessee possesses a valid lease, approved mining plan, and environmental clearance, as these constitute the substantive requirements for Rule 49 compliance. [ANIE BABU VS STATE OF KERALA]
  • "Cross-State Jurisdiction" - Rule 49 applies to leases within Kerala; transportation of minerals to other states inter-state requires transit passes under Tamil Nadu or state-specific rules, not merely Rule 49 Form R. [M. R. Govindan VS District Collector, Kancheepuram]
  • "Compounding of Offences" - Offences related to the contravention of movement permit provisions are subject to compounding under Section 23A of the MMDR Act, provided the amount is determined by the authorized officer considering the gravity of the offence. [SREEJITH VS SUB-INSPECTOR OF POLICE]
  • "Role of GmbH" - The Geologist is the primary authority responsible for verifying compliance with Rule 49, including checking the Form R against the Mining Plan and the validity of the lease. [SAHARA GRANITES VS DISTRICT GEOLOGIST, PALAKKAD]
  • "Constitutional Validity" - The power to frame rules under Section 15 of the MMDR Act empowers the State to create Rule 49, and this rule-making power is not encroached upon by environmental statutes; rather, it supplements them.
  • "Distinction from Major Minerals" - Rule 49 specifically addresses "minor minerals" (e.g., granite, sand, gravel), distinguishing them from major minerals where movement permits are governed by different Central rules and forms. [Varghese VS State of Kerala]
  • "Affidavit Requirements" - While Rule 49 covers the permit, Section 23C mandates that transportation across state lines or specific contexts requires an affidavit from the magistrate/court certifying the accident or specific removal conditions, supplementing Rule 49. [BASHEER VS DISTRICT COLLECTOR]
  • "Appellate Remedy" - Dissatisfaction with orders related to movement permits under Rule 49 can be appealed under Rule 49(1)(b) to the designated Appellate Authority, provided the correct jurisdictional officer (Joint Secretary) is approached. [Alex P. Cyriac VS Senior Geologist]

S.14

FORM H

(See Rule 43)

QUARRYING LEASE

This deed of lease made on this the...........day of 20..........between the Governor of Kerala (hereinafter referred to as the “State Government” which expression shall, where the context so admits be deemed to include his successors and assigns) of the one part and Shri/Smt.............. aged............. son/daughter of................resident of.............in the ..........Village of ...............Taluk of .....................District (hereinafter called the “lessee/lessees” which expression shall where the context so admits, include his/their heirs, executors, administrators, representatives and permitted assigns) of the other part,


Legal Comments

S.9

FORM C

(See Rule 6)

RECEIPT OF APPLICATION FOR QUARRYING PERMITS/QUARRYING LEASE IN RESPECT OF MINOR MINERALS
Sl. No. Dated….....

Received the application with the following enclosures for quarrying permit/quarrying lease/ renewal of quarrying lease in respect of (name of mineral) from Shri/Smt/M/s...............at ...... hrs on ......... day of (name of month), Year .

Enclosures

1.

2.

3.

Signature and designation of receiving officer with office seal

 



Legal Comments

S.Rule 2 Definitions.--

(1) In these rules unless the context otherwise requires,--

 (i) "Act" means the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 (Act 67 of 1957);


 (ii) "Approved Mining Plan" means a mining plan approved by the competent authority under these rules;


 (iii) "Competent authority" means the authority or officer appointed by the Government by notification in the Official Gazette to exercise the powers and perform the functions of the competent authority under these rules;

 5[(iii) (a). "Competent Agency" means the Agency notified by the Government for providing service using Drone and LiDAR technology as required by the Competent Authority;]

 1B[x x x x]

 (v) "Dead rent" means a rent payable to the Government by a lessee under these rules for every year except for the first year of the period of quarrying lease from the date of execution of the lease at the rates stipulate


Legal Commentary on Rule 2 of the Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015

Introduction

The Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015 (KMMC Rules, 2015) were enacted under the powers conferred by the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957, to regulate the concession, quarrying, and extraction of minor minerals in the State of Kerala. Rule 2 of the KMMC Rules, 2015 pertains to the Definitions section, which establishes the interpretational framework for the entire set of rules. The definitions in Rule 2 are foundational, as they determine the scope and applicability of various provisions governing mineral concessions, quarrying permits, leases, and enforcement mechanisms.

What the Section Says

Rule 2 of the Kerala Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 2015, titled "Definitions," provides the meaning of various terms used throughout the Rules. As per the official text, Rule 2(1) contains the definitions, though the specific clauses are subject to amendments over time. The Rule states:

"2. Definitions.—(1) In these rules ..."

Subsequent amendments have modified or substituted certain definitions, including the omission of clauses (iv) and (iv-a) as per the Kerala Minor Mineral Concession (Amendment) Rules, 2026. The Rule establishes that definitions apply throughout the KMMC Rules, 2015, unless the context otherwise requires.

Essential Ingredients

The essential ingredients of Rule 2 include:

  1. Interpretative Function: Rule 2 serves as the dictionary for the entire KMMC Rules, 2015.
  2. Scope of Application: The definitions apply uniformly across all rules unless context dictates otherwise.
  3. Amendment Mechanism: The definitions are subject to periodic amendments (e.g., Amendment Rules of 2025, 2026, etc.).
  4. Contextual Flexibility: The phrase "unless the context otherwise requires" allows for contextual variation.
  5. Operational Date: The Rules came into force immediately upon publication (Rule 1(2)).

Scope of Section

Rule 2 defines the terminology that governs all aspects of mineral concession in Kerala, including:

  • Eligibility criteria for applicants and lessees
  • Types of permits and leases
  • Regulatory authorities and their powers
  • Offences and penalties under the Rules
  • Procedures for application and renewal

The definitions interconnect with other provisions such as Rule 51(2) (clearance of dues before lease execution), Rule 98 (unauthorized extraction), and Rule 27 (application requirements).

Punishment for Section

Rule 2 itself does not prescribe punishment, as it is a definitional provision. However, the definitions in Rule 2 are essential for determining liability under substantive penal provisions, including:

  • Section 21 of the MMDR Act: Contravention of rules is punishable under sub-section (2).
  • Rule 22 of KMMC Rules: Recovery of compensation, fines, and expenses as arrears of public revenue.
  • Kerala Minerals (Prevention of Illegal Mining, Storage and Transportation) Rules, 2015: Additional penalties for illegal mining activities.

Legal Comments

  • Definitional Foundation - Rule 2 establishes the interpretative framework for the entire KMMC Rules, 2015, making it crucial for understanding all subsequent provisions related to mineral concessions, permits, and leases. [Source: ]

  • Amendment Dynamics - The definitions under Rule 2 have been subject to multiple amendments, including the omission of clauses (iv) and (iv-a) under the 2026 Amendment Rules, indicating the evolving nature of regulatory terminology. [Source: ]

  • Contextual Interpretation - The phrase "unless the context otherwise requires" in Rule 2 provides flexibility in interpretation, allowing courts to apply definitions contextually rather than rigidly. [Source: ]

  • Interconnection with Lease Conditions - The definitions under Rule 2 interact with Rule 51(2), which mandates clearance of government dues before executing a quarrying lease, as upheld in judicial decisions. [Source: Kavumkal Granites VS Director, Directorate Of Mining And Geology Kesavadasapuram - 2024 0 Supreme(Ker) 250]

  • Eligibility Criteria - The definitions in Rule 2 implicitly establish eligibility requirements for lessees and permit holders, which are foundational for participating in tender processes and obtaining quarrying permits. [Source: D. D. L. Enterprise VS Sedi Allied Agency - 2020 0 Supreme(Gau) 605]

  • Regulatory Compliance - Proper understanding of definitions under Rule 2 is essential for compliance with provisions like Rule 27(2)(f), which requires certificates from Village Officers for applications. [Source: ]

  • Penalty Framework - While Rule 2 itself does not prescribe penalties, its definitions determine the scope of persons liable under Section 21 of the MMDR Act and related penal provisions. [Source: ]

  • Application Fees - Definitions under Rule 2 are relevant for determining fee structures, as Rule 9 prescribes application fees of ₹1,000 for quarrying permits for all minor minerals. [Source: ]

  • Judicial Reliance - Courts have relied on the definitional framework of Rule 2 when interpreting the scope of unauthorized extraction and demand notices under Rule 98. [Source: Kavumkal Granites VS Director, Directorate Of Mining And Geology Kesavadasapuram - 2024 0 Supreme(Ker) 250]

  • Cluster Approach - Definitions in Rule 2 facilitate the cluster approach for granting quarrying leases for areas less than the mandatory minimum of two acres. [Source: ]

  • Granite Quarrying - Specific definitions under Rule 2 govern granite quarrying permits, including exemptions from mining plan and environmental clearance requirements for renewals under amendment rules. [Source: ]

  • Possession Requirements - The proviso inserted by the 2023 Amendment Rules regarding possession and enjoyment of applied area connects directly to definitions in Rule 2. [Source: ]

  • Arrears Recovery - Definitions under Rule 2 are integral to Rule 22, which provides for recovery of compensation, fines, and expenses as arrears of public revenue. [Source: ]

  • Illegal Mining Prevention - The definitions in Rule 2 interact with the Kerala Minerals (Prevention of Illegal Mining, Storage and Transportation) Rules, 2015, for enforcement against contraventions. [Source: ]

  • Domicile Requirements - Although Rule 2 of KMMC Rules does not address domicile, parallel definitions in other state Acts (e.g., Arunachal Pradesh Act) highlight the importance of clear definitional frameworks for eligibility. [Source: D. D. L. Enterprise VS Sedi Allied Agency - 2020 0 Supreme(Gau) 605]

  • Substantive Impact - The definitions in Rule 2 have substantive legal consequences, as they determine who qualifies as a "lessee," "holder of quarrying permit," or "movement permit holder" under Rule 51(2). [Source: ]

  • Non-compliance Consequences - Failure to comply with definitions under Rule 2 can result in rejection of applications and loss of eligibility to participate in mineral concession processes. [Source: D. D. L. Enterprise VS Sedi Allied Agency - 2020 0 Supreme(Gau) 605]

  • Registration Requirements - The definitional framework under Rule 2, read with other rules, requires contractors to be properly registered under relevant enlistment rules for eligibility. [Source: D. D. L. Enterprise VS Sedi Allied Agency - 2020 0 Supreme(Gau) 605]

Note: The specific text of Rule 2(1) clauses is not fully extractable from the provided sources. The commentary is based on available references and the operational context of the KMMC Rules, 2015.

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