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2023 Supreme(Telangana) 968

IN THE HIGH COURT FOR THE STATE OF TELANGANA AT HYDERABAD
M.LAXMAN, J.
Mohd. Naseeruddin Ahmed Khan Died – Appellant
Versus
Mohd. Muzefferuddin Mahmood Khan – Respondent
Appeal Suit Nos.107, 109, 270, 274, 319, 320, 325 & 331 of 2022
Decided on : 17-08-2023

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant : SURENDRA DESAI

Headnote:(A) Civil Procedure Code, Order VII Rule 11 - Rejection of plaint - Suit filed for partition under the guise of Mohammedan Law - Defendants contended that the plaint does not disclose a cause of action and is maintainable only under the specific provisions of Mohammedan Law - The court found the suit manifestly vexatious, not disclosing a clear right to sue, and rejected the plaint. (Paras 5, 6, 12, 29)

(B) Legal principles - The court reiterated that the plaint must be read as a whole, the exact nature of the claim influences its maintainability, and the principles laid down by Apex Court dictate strict adherence to conditions under Order VII Rule 11 CPC. (Para 10)

Facts of the case:
The appeal arises out of dismissal of plaint for partition on grounds of not disclosing a cause of action. The plaintiffs alleged joint ownership of properties acquired by family, while defendants claimed the properties were exclusive under Mohammedan Law.

Findings of Court:
The appeals were dismissed confirming the lower court's order which found the partition suit not maintainable and lacking a cause of action based on Mohammedan Law.

Issues: The two main issues were whether there was a sufficient cause of action in the plaint, and whether the suit was maintainable under Mohammedan Law.

Ratio Decidendi: The court stated that the plaint must show a cause of action and not just rely on the joint family claim to maintainability under Mohammedan Law; powers under Order VII Rule 11 allow rejection when the plaint fails to disclose a right to sue.

Result: All appeals dismissed, confirming the rejection of the plaint.

Table of Content
1. overview of appeals and court order. (Para 1 , 2)
2. refutation of claims regarding joint family properties. (Para 3 , 17 , 18 , 24 , 25)
3. claims of the defendants and plaintiffs regarding property ownership. (Para 4)
4. points for consideration regarding the cause of action. (Para 6 , 7)
5. consideration of plaint pleadings in relation to order vii rule 11. (Para 8 , 9 , 10)
6. analysis of mohammedan law principles on family and property. (Para 11 , 12 , 21 , 22)
7. contention on the nature of family property and joint ownership. (Para 13 , 15 , 19 , 20 , 30)
8. examination of cause of action and the nature of the suit. (Para 27 , 28 , 29)
9. final decision regarding appeals against the lower court's ruling. (Para 33 , 34)

JUDGMENT :

1. The present appeals have been directed against order dated 15.02.2022 in I.A.Nos.534 of 2021 and 218 of 2021 in O.S.No.182 of 2006 on the file of X Additional District and Sessions Judge (Fast Track Court), Ranga Reddy District (hereinafter referred to as ‘Court below’), wherein and whereby, the applications filed by defendant Nos.52 to 59 and defendant Nos.1, 27 to 32, 41, 43 to 47 for rejection of plaint under Order VII Rule 11 of the CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE (for short ‘CPC’) were allowed and consequently, the plaint was rejected.

2. Challenging the order dated 15.02.2022 in I.A.No.534 of 2021 in O.S.No.182 of 2006, the plaintiffs filed A.S.No.109 of 2022, defendant Nos.10 and 11 filed A.S.No.270 of 2022, defendant No.4 filed A.S.No.319 of 2022 and defendant Nos.39 and 40 filed A.S.No.325 of 2022 before this Court. Similarly, challenging the order dated 15.02.2022 in I.A.No.218 of 2021 in O.S.No.182 of 2006, the plaintiffs filed A.S.No.107 of 2022, defendant Nos.10 and 11 filed A.S.No.274 of 2022, defendant No.4 filed A.S.No.320 of 2022 and defendant Nos.39 and 40 filed A.S.No.331 of 2022 before this Court. For the sake of convenience, the parties are hereinafter referred to as they were arrayed in the suit.

3. The case of defendant Nos.52 to 59 and 1, 27 to 32, 41, 43 to 47, who are petitioners before the Court below, is that they are descendants of Mohd. Moinuddin Khan and the suit properties were purchased by their ancestor Late Mohd. Moinuddin Khan and they are their matruka property and such properties were purchased by said Mohd. Moinuddin Khan, out of his self acquisition. They denied existence of any joint family and that the suit properties are joint family properties. According to them, there is no concept of joint family and joint family property in Mohammedan Law and the plaintiffs filed suit for partition claiming property as matruka property and joint acquisition from joint family funds. Hence, the same is not maintainable. According to them, the suit for partition lies only among the descendants of Mohd. Moinuddin Khan and not in between Mohd. Moinuddin Khan and his brothers. Further, it is there contention that there is no cause of action for the suit and the same is not maintainable under the Mohammedan Law and prayed to reject the plaint.

4. It is the case of the plaintiffs that plaint is not filed under Mohammedan Law, but it is filed as general partition suit and suit properties are jointly purchased by the Mohd. Moinuddin Khan and his three brothers, namely, Mohd. Fakruddin Khan, Mohd. Sharfuddin Khan and Ahmed Mohiuddin Khan. The plaintiffs herein belong to branch of Mohd. Fakruddin Khan. Late Mohd. Moinuddin Khan was eldest among all four brothers and out of respect and custom, the suit properties were purchased in his name. The said fact is supported by the entries in revenue records, past sale transactions, gift to gram panchayath, admissions made by defendant No.1 in land ceiling proceedings and allotment of share to legal heirs of one Sabeerunnisa Begum, who is descendant of Mohd. Sharfuddin Khan. Hence, according to them, the plaint is not liable for rejection.

5. The Court below after appreciating the pleadings of the plaint and the contentions raised by bo

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