RAJASTHAN HIGH COURT BENCH AT JAIPUR
Sangeet Lodha, Inderjeet Singh, Mahendar Kumar Goyal, JJ.
Mahendra Kumar Jain - Appellant
Versus
Appellate Rent Tribunal, Ajmer & Ors. - Respondents
D.B. Civil Reference (Larger Bench) No. 1/2020 in D.B.Special Appeal (Writ) No. 853/2019
Decided On : 27-07-2021
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. maintainability of appeal against single bench's judgment. (Para 1) |
| 2. factual background regarding the landlord-tenant dispute. (Para 2) |
| 3. preliminary objections on maintainability of appeal. (Para 3) |
| 4. arguments regarding jurisdiction under articles 226 and 227. (Para 4 , 5 , 6) |
| 5. counsel's advocacy on appealability based on past judgments. (Para 7 , 8 , 9) |
| 6. discussion on distinction between tribunal and courts. (Para 10 , 11 , 12) |
| 7. legal arguments on the nature of rent tribunals. (Para 13 , 14) |
| 8. constitutional provisions empowering high court's supervisory authority. (Para 15 , 16) |
| 9. characteristics of judicial power and its exercise. (Para 17 , 18) |
| 10. powers of the high court in judicial and quasi-judicial matters. (Para 19 , 20 , 21) |
| 11. clarifications on the jurisdiction related to property disputes. (Para 22 , 23) |
| 12. hierarchy and jurisdiction of rent control legislation. (Para 24 , 25 , 26) |
| 13. importance of adhering to legal processes and principles of justice. (Para 27 , 28) |
| 14. conclusion on whether rent tribunals function as courts. (Para 29 , 30) |
| 15. final conclusions on appealability under judicial and supervisory contexts. (Para 31 , 32) |
| 16. reflections on historical context influencing current statutes. (Para 33 , 34) |
| 17. relevance of legislative framework on landlord-tenant disputes. (Para 35 , 36) |
| 18. final remarks on judicial review in light of statutes. (Para 37 , 38) |
| 19. essence of maintaining laws governing landlord-tenant relations. (Para 39 , 40) |
| 20. systematic overview of ease in legal recourse for landlords and tenants. (Para 41 , 42) |
JUDGMENT
Sangeet Lodha, J. - The legal questions that fall for our determination in this reference made by the Division Bench of this Court read as under:
II) Whether the writ petition filed against the judgement of the Appellate Rent Tribunal and the Rent Tribunal by very nature of the dispute, would be considered to have been filed under Article 227 of the Constitution of India, irrespective of invocation of Article 226 of the Constitution of India in the pleadings?"
2. The Background facts giving rise to the legal issues may be summarized thus: The appellant-Mahendra Kumar Jain is a tenant since 10.10.2001 in commercial premises i.e. two shops situated at Sardar Patel Marg, Ajmer, owned by the landlord-Smt. Shail Bhargava and others, the respondent nos. 3 to 6 herein. The respondent-landlord filed a petition under Section 9 of the RAJASTHAN RENT CONTROL ACT , 2001 ("the Act of 2001") before the Rent Tribunal, Ajmer, seeking eviction of the appellant-tenant from the rented premises, on the ground of default in payment of rent for the period from 1.7.2005 to 31.10.2005. The appellant-tenant contested the petition by filing a reply thereto, taking the stand that the respondent-landlord did not disclose her bank account number in the notice served and thus, the mandatory condition precedent for maintaining the petition seeking eviction on the ground of default, was not satisfied. Besides, it was averred that pursuant to the notice served, the arrears of rent due was deposited and therefore, there is no default in payment of rent in terms of Section 9 (a) of the Act of 2001. After due consideration of the evidence on record, the Rent Tribunal arrived at the finding that the appellant-tenant has committed default in payment of rent and accordingly, he was directed to be evicted from the premises in question vide judgment dated 21.4.2007. Aggrieved thereby, the appellant preferred an appeal under Section 19(6) of the Act of 2001, before the Appellate Rent Tribunal, Ajmer, which stood dismissed vide judgment dated 21.12.2009. Assailing the legality of the judgments of the Rent Tribunal and the
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Judicial orders of civil courts are not subject to writ jurisdiction under Article 226, but revenue courts' orders can be challenged under Article 227.
: Court can always lift such veil and see real purpose of filing of suit. Section 18 of the Rent Control Act of 2001 admittedly bars the jurisdiction of any Civil Court in the matters relating to ten....
Since the Rent Tribunals have been given power to deal with incidental matters relating to dispute between landlord and tenant also, the case in hand, where suit for possession has been filed before ....
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